Multi-dimensional fluid flow plays a paramount role in the explosions of massive stars as core-collapse supernovae. In recent years, three-dimensional (3D) simulations of these phenomena have matured significantly. Considerable progress has been made towards identifying the ingredients for shock revival by the neutrino-driven mechanism, and successful explosions have already been obtained in a number of self-consistent 3D models. These advances also bring new challenges, however. Prompted by a need for increased physical realism and meaningful model validation, supernova theory is now moving towards a more integrated view that connects multi-dimensional phenomena in the late convective burning stages prior to collapse, the explosion engine, and mixing instabilities in the supernova envelope. Here we review our current understanding of multi-D fluid flow in core-collapse supernovae and their progenitors. We start by outlining specific challenges faced by hydrodynamic simulations of core-collapse supernovae and of the late convective burning stages. We then discuss recent advances and open questions in theory and simulations.
We use the results of a supernova light-curve population synthesis to predict the range of possible supernova light curves arising from a population of single-star progenitors that lead to type IIP supernovae. We calculate multiple models varying the initial mass, explosion energy, nickel mass and nickel mixing and then compare these to type IIP supernovae with detailed light curve data and pre-explosion imaging progenitor constraints. Where a good fit is obtained to observations, we are able to achieve initial progenitor and nickel mass estimates from the supernova lightcurve that are compara…
We review all the models proposed for the progenitor systems of Type Ia supernovae and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of each scenario when confronted with observations. We show that all scenarios encounter at least a few serious diffculties, if taken to represent a comprehensive model for the progenitors of all Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). Consequently, we tentatively conclude that there is probably more than one channel leading SNe Ia. While the single-degenerate scenario (in which a single white dwarf accretes mass from a normal stellar companion) has been studied in some detail, the …
We present Large Binocular Telescope difference imaging data for the final years of four Type II-P/L supernovae progenitors. For all four, we find no significant evidence for stochastic or steady variability in the U, B, V, or R-bands. Our limits constrain variability to no more than roughly 5-10% of the expected R-band luminosities of the progenitors. These limits are comparable to the observed variability of red supergiants in the Magellanic Clouds. Based on these four events, the probability of a Type II-P/L progenitor having an extended outburst after Oxygen ignition is <37% at 90% confide…
This paper presents a database of the spectroscopic- and photometric- spectral energy distributions (spec-SEDs and phot-SEDs) of the progenitors of core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe). Both binary- and single-star progenitors are included in the database. The database covers the initial metallicity ($Z$) range of 0.0001--0.03, mass range of 8--25 \dsm{}, binary mass ratio range of 0--1, and orbital period range of 0.1--10000\,days. The low-resolution spec-SEDs and phot-SEDs of single- and binary-star CCSN progenitors are included in the database. These data can be used for studying the basic para…
Stars in the mass range from 8 to 10 solar masses are expected to produce one of two types of supernovae (SNe), either electron-capture supernovae (ECSNe) or core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe), depending on their previous evolution. Either of the associated progenitors retain extended and massive hydrogen-rich envelopes, the observables of these SNe are, therefore, expected to be similar. In this study we explore the differences in these two types of SNe. Specifically, we investigate three different progenitor models: a solar-metallicity ECSN progenitor with an initial mass of 8.8 solar masses, …
An erroneous interpretation of the hydrodynamical results led to an incorrect determination of the fallback masses in Ugliano et al. (2012), which also (on a smaller level) affects the neutron star masses provided in that paper. This problem was already addressed and corrected in the follow-up works by Ertl et al. (2015) and Sukhbold et al. (2015). Therefore, the reader is advised to use the new data of the latter two publications. In the remaining text of this Erratum we present the differences of the old and new fallback results in detail and explain the origin of the mistake in the original…
Thermonuclear (type Ia) supernovae are bright stellar explosions with the unique property that the light curves can be standardized, allowing them to be used as distance indicators for cosmological studies. Many fundamental questions bout these events remain, however. We provide a critique of our present understanding of these and present results of simulations assuming the single-degenerate progenitor model consisting of a white dwarf that has gained mass from a stellar companion. We present results from full three-dimensional simulations of convection with weak reactions comprising the A=23 …
The progenitors of Type IIP supernovae (SNe) are known to be red supergiants, but their properties are not well determined. We employ hydrodynamical modelling to investigate the explosion characteristics of eight Type IIP supernovae, and the properties of their progenitor stars. We create evolutionary models using the {\sc MESA} stellar evolution code, explode these models, and simulate the optical lightcurves using the {\sc STELLA} code. We fit the optical lightcurves, Fe II 5169Å velocity, and photospheric velocity, to the observational data. Recent research has suggested that the progenitor…
Despite the significance of Type Ia supernovae (SNeIa) in many fields in astrophysics, SNeIa lack a theoretical explanation. The standard scenarios involve thermonuclear explosions of carbon/oxygen white dwarfs approaching the Chandrasekhar mass; either by accretion from a companion or by a merger of two white dwarfs. We investigate the contribution from both channels to the SNIa rate with the binary population synthesis (BPS) code SeBa in order to constrain binary processes such as the mass retention efficiency of WD accretion and common envelope evolution. We determine the theoretical rates …
We infer the progenitor mass distribution for 22 historic core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) using a Bayesian hierarchical model. For this inference, we use the local star formation histories to estimate the age for each supernova (SN). These star formation histories often show multiple bursts of star formation; our model assumes that one burst is associated with the SN progenitor and the others are random bursts of star formation. The primary inference is the progenitor age distribution. Due to the limited number of historic SNe and highly uncertain star formation at young ages, we restrict our…
Although Type Ia supernovae have been heavily scrutinized due to their use in making cosmological distance estimates, we are still unable to definitively identify the progenitors for the entire population. While answers have been presented for certain specific systems, a complete solution remains elusive. We present observations of two supernova remnants (SNRs) in the Large Magellanic Cloud, SNR 0505-67.9 and SNR 0509-68.7, for which we have identified the center of the remnant and the 99.73% containment central region in which any companion star left over after the supernova must be located. …
Natures of progenitors of type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia) have not yet been clarified. There has been long and intensive discussion on whether the so-called single degenerate (SD) scenario or the double degenerate (DD) scenario, or anything else, could explain a major population of SNe Ia, but the conclusion has not yet been reached. With rapidly increasing observational data and new theoretical ideas, the field of studying the SN Ia progenitors has been quickly developing, and various new insights have been obtained in recent years. This article aims at providing a summary of the current situatio…
We study properties of early radio emission from stripped-envelope supernovae (those of type IIb/Ib/Ic). We suggest there is a sub-class of stripped-envelope supernovae in their radio properties, including optically well-studied type Ic supernovae (SNe Ic) 2002ap and 2007gr, showing a rapid rise to a radio peak within ~ 10 days reaching to a low luminosity (at least an order of magnitude fainter than a majority of SNe IIb/Ib/Ic). They show a decline after the peak shallower than others while the spectral index is similar. We show that all these properties are naturally explained if the circums…
Several recently discovered peculiar type Ia supernovae seem to demand an altogether new formation theory that might help explain the puzzling dissimilarities between them and the standard type Ia supernovae. The most striking aspect of the observational analysis is the necessity of invoking super-Chandrasekhar white dwarfs having masses ~ 2.1-2.8M_sun, M_sun being the mass of Sun, as their most probable progenitors. Strongly magnetized white dwarfs having super-Chandrasekhar masses were already established to be potential candidates for the progenitors of peculiar type Ia supernovae. Owing to…
In certain mass ranges, massive stars can undergo a violent pulsation triggered by the electron/positron pair instability that ejects matter, but does not totally disrupt the star. After one or more of these pulsations, such stars are expected to undergo core-collapse to trigger a supernova explosion. The mass range susceptible to this pulsational phenomena may be as low as 50-70 Msun if the progenitor is of very low metallicity and rotating sufficiently rapidly to undergo nearly homogeneous evolution. The mass, dynamics, and composition of the matter ejected in the pulsation are important asp…
Single-degenerate (SD) binary systems composed of a white dwarf and a non-degenerate helium (He)-star companion have been proposed as the potential progenitors of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). The He-star companions are expected to survive the SN Ia explosion in this SD progenitor model. In the present work, we map the surviving He-star companion models computed from our previous three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of ejecta-companion interaction into the one-dimensional stellar evolution code MESA to follow their long-term evolution to make predictions on their post-impact observation…
The explosion of ultra-stripped stars in close binaries may explain new discoveries of weak and fast optical transients. We have demonstrated that helium star companions to neutron stars (NSs) may evolve into naked metal cores as low as ~1.5 Msun, barely above the Chandrasekhar mass limit, by the time they explode. Here we present a new systematic investigation of the progenitor evolution leading to such ultra-stripped supernovae (SNe), in some cases yielding pre-SN envelopes of less than 0.01 Msun. We discuss the nature of these SNe (electron-capture vs iron core-collapse) and their observati…
Stripped-envelope supernovae (Types IIb, Ib, and Ic) that show little or no hydrogen comprise roughly one-third of the observed explosions of massive stars. Their origin and the evolution of their progenitors are not yet fully understood. Very massive single stars stripped by their own winds ($\gtrsim 25-30 M_{\odot}$ at solar metallicity) are considered viable progenitors of these events. However, recent 1D core-collapse simulations show that some massive stars may collapse directly into black holes after a failed explosion, with a weak or no visible transient. In this letter, we estimate the…
It has been suggested that Type II supernovae with rapidly fading light curves (a.k.a. Type IIL supernovae) are explosions of progenitors with low-mass hydrogen-rich envelopes which are of the order of 1 Msun. We investigate light-curve properties of supernovae from such progenitors. We confirm that such progenitors lead to rapidly fading Type II supernovae. We find that the luminosity of supernovae from such progenitors with the canonical explosion energy of 1e51 erg and 56Ni mass of 0.05 Msun can increase temporarily shortly before all the hydrogen in the envelope recombines. As a result, a …
We show the preliminary results of our search for the progenitor systems of type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). We model binary populations our aim being to compare these models with the observations of detailed element abundances of the hot Intra-Cluster Medium.
The detailed study of supernovae (SNe) and their progenitors allows to better understand the evolution of massive stars and how these end their lives. Despite its importance, the range of physical parameters for the most common type of explosion, the type II supernovae (SNe II), is still unknown. In particular, previous studies of type II-Plateau supernovae (SNe II-P) showed a discrepancy between the progenitor masses inferred from hydrodynamic models and those determined from the analysis of direct detections in archival images. Our goal is to derive physical parameters (progenitor mass, radi…
Hydrogen-rich supernovae, known as Type II (SNe II), are the most common class of explosions observed following the collapse of the core of massive stars. We use analytical estimates and population synthesis simulations to assess the fraction of SNe II progenitors that are expected to have exchanged mass with a companion prior to explosion. We estimate that 1/3 to 1/2 of SN II progenitors have a history of mass exchange with a binary companion before exploding. The dominant binary channels leading to SN II progenitors involve the merger of binary stars. Mergers are expected to produce a divers…
We analyze the properties of 42 rapidly rotating, low metallicity, quasi-chemically homogeneously evolving stellar models in the mass range between 4 and 45 $\,\mathrm{M}_\odot$ at the time of core collapse. Such models were proposed as progenitors for both superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) and long duration gamma-ray bursts (lGRBs), and the Type Ic-BL supernovae (SNe) that are associated with them. Our findings suggest that whether these models produce a magnetar driven SLSN explosion or a near-critically rotating black hole (BH) is not a monotonic function of the initial mass. Rather, their e…
Over the last 15 years, the supernova community has endeavoured to identify progenitor stars of core-collapse supernovae in high resolution archival images of their galaxies.This review compiles results (from 1999 - 2013) in a distance limited sample and discusses the implications. The vast majority of the detections of progenitor stars are of type II-P, II-L or IIb with one type Ib progenitor system detected and many more upper limits for progenitors of Ibc supernovae (14). The data for these 45 supernovae progenitors illustrate a remarkable deficit of high luminosity stars above an apparent …
Type IIb supernovae (SNe IIb) present a unique opportunity for investigating the evolutionary channels and mechanisms governing the evolution of stripped-envelope SN progenitors due to a variety of observational constraints available. Comparison of these constraints with the full distribution of theoretical properties not only help ascertain the prevalence of observed properties in nature, but can also reveal currently unobserved populations. In this follow-up paper, we use the large grid of models presented in Sravan et al. 2019 to derive distributions of single and binary SNe IIb progenitor …
The progenitor and explosion properties of type II supernovae (SNe II) are fundamental to understand the evolution of massive stars. Special interest has been given to the range of initial masses of their progenitors, but despite the efforts made, it is still uncertain. Direct imaging of progenitors in pre-explosion images point out an upper initial mass cutoff of $\sim$18$M_{\odot}$. However, this is in tension with previous studies in which progenitor masses inferred by light curve modelling tend to favour high-mass solutions. Moreover, it has been argued that light curve modelling alone can…
We perform three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations of aspherical core-collapse supernovae focusing on the matter mixing in SN 1987A. The impacts of four progenitor (pre-supernova) models and parameterized aspherical explosions are investigated. The four pre-supernova models include a blue supergiant (BSG) model based on a slow merger scenario developed recently for the progenitor of SN 1987A (Urushibata et al. 2018). The others are a BSG model based on a single star evolution and two red supergiant (RSG) models. Among the investigated explosion (simulation) models, a model with the binary m…
Using Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA)+STELLA, we show that very different physical models can adequately reproduce a specific observed Type II-Plateau Supernova (SN). We consider SN2004A, SN2004et, SN2009ib, SN2017eaw, and SN2017gmr, Nickel-rich ($M_\mathrm{Ni}>0.03M_\odot$) events with bolometric lightcurves and a well-sampled decline from the plateau. These events also have constraints on the progenitor radius, via a progenitor image, or, in the case of SN2017gmr, a radius from fitting shock-cooling models. In general, many explosions spanning the parameter space of pr…
We provide progenitor models for electron capture supernovae (ECSNe) with detailed evolutionary calculation. We include minor electron capture nuclei using a large nuclear reaction network with updated reaction rates. For electron captures, the Coulomb correction on the rates is treated and contribution of neutron-rich nuclei is taken into account in the nuclear statistical equilibrium (NSE) composition. We calculate the evolution of the most massive super asymptotic giant branch stars and show that these stars undergo off-center carbon burnings and form ONe cores at the center. These cores ge…
The precise progenitor system of type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), whether it is a white dwarf (WD) close to the Chandrasekhar limit or substantially less massive, has been a matter of debate for decades. Recent research by our group on the accretion and simmering phases preceding the explosion of a massive WD has shown that the central density at thermal runaway lies in the range $(3.6-6.3)\times10^9$ g cm$^{-3}$ for reasonable choices of accretion rate onto the WD and progenitor metallicity. In this work, we have computed one-dimensional simulations of the explosion of such WDs, with special emph…
The explosion outcome and diagnostics of core-collapse supernovae depend sensitively on the nature of the stellar progenitor, but most studies to date have focused exclusively on one-dimensional, spherically-symmetric massive star progenitors. We present some of the first core-collapse supernovae simulations of three-dimensional massive star supernovae progenitors, a 12.5- and a 15-M$_{\odot}$ model, evolved in three-dimensions from collapse to bounce through explosion with the radiation-hydrodynamic code F{\sc{ornax}}. We compare the results using those starting from three-dimensional progeni…
Nebular phase spectra of core-collapse supernovae (SNe) provide critical and unique information on the progenitor massive star and its explosion. We present a set of 1-D steady-state non-local thermodynamic equilibrium radiative transfer calculations of type II SNe at 300d after explosion. Guided by results for a large set of stellar evolution simulations, we craft ejecta models for type II SNe from the explosion of a 12, 15, 20, and 25Msun star. The ejecta density structure and kinetic energy, the 56Ni mass, and the level of chemical mixing are parametrized. Our model spectra are sensitive to…
Type IIb supernovae (SNe) are important candidates to understand mechanisms that drive the stripping of stripped-envelope (SE) supernova (SN) progenitors. While binary interactions and their high incidence are generally cited to favor them as Type IIb SN progenitors, this idea has not been tested using models covering a broad parameter space. In this paper, we use non-rotating single- and binary-star models at solar and low metallicities spanning a wide parameter space in primary mass, mass ratio, orbital period, and mass transfer efficiencies. We find that our single- and binary-star models c…
We investigate the effect of mixing of radioactive nickel ($^{56}$Ni) on the early-time color evolution of Type Ib and Ic supernovae (SNe Ib/Ic) using multi-group radiation hydrodynamics simulations. We consider both helium-rich and helium-poor progenitors. Mixing of $^{56}$Ni is parameterized using a Gaussian distribution function. We find that the early-time color evolution with a weak $^{56}$Ni mixing is characterized by three different phases: initial rapid reddening, blueward evolution due to the delayed effect of $^{56}$Ni heating, and redward evolution thereafter until the transition to…
The ultimate understanding of Type Ia Supernovae diversity is one of the most urgent issues to exploit thermonuclear explosions of accreted White Dwarfs (WDs) as cosmological yardsticks. In particular, we investigate the impact of the progenitor system metallicity on the physical and chemical properties of the WD at the explosion epoch. We analyze the evolution of CO WDs through the accretion and simmering phases by using evolutionary models based on time-dependent convective mixing and an extended nuclear network including the most important electron captures, beta decays and URCA processes. …
The rate of type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) in a galaxy depends not only on stellar mass, but also on star formation history. Here we show that two simple observational quantities ($g-r$ or $u-r$ host galaxy color, and $r$-band luminosity), coupled with an assumed delay time distribution (the rate of SNe Ia as a function of time for an instantaneous burst of star formation), are sufficient to accurately determine a galaxy's SN Ia rate, with very little sensitivity to the precise details of the star formation history. Using this result, we compare observed and predicted color distributions of SN Ia…
In a canonical model, the progenitors of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are accreting, nuclear-burning white dwarfs (NBWDs), which explode when the white dwarf reaches the Chandrasekhar mass, M_C. Such massive NBWDs are hot (kT ~100 eV), luminous (L ~ 10^{38} erg/s), and are potentially observable as luminous supersoft X-ray sources (SSSs). During the past several years, surveys for soft X-ray sources in external galaxies have been conducted. This paper shows that the results falsify the hypothesis that a large fraction of progenitors are NBWDs which are presently observable as SSSs. The data als…
Using images from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and the Gemini Telescope we confirm the disappearance of the progenitors of two Type II supernovae (SNe), and evaluate the presence of other stars associated with them. We find that the progenitor of SN 2003gd, an M-supergiant star, is no longer observed at the SN location, and determine its intrinsic brightness using image subtraction techniques. The progenitor of SN 1993J, a K-supergiant star, is also no longer present, but its B-supergiant binary companion is still observed. The disappearance of the progenitors confirms that these two SNe w…
Most massive stars experience binary interactions in their lifetimes that can alter both the surface and core structure of the stripped star with significant effects on their ultimate fate as core-collapse supernovae. However, core-collapse supernovae simulations to date have focused almost exclusively on the evolution of single stars. We present a systematic simulation study of single and binary-stripped stars with the same initial mass as candidates for core-collapse supernovae (11 - 21 M$_{\odot}$). Generally, we find that binary-stripped stars core tend to be less compact, with a more prom…
Type I rapidly fading supernovae (RFSNe) appear to originate from hydrogen-free stars with large radii that produce predominantly shock-cooling light curves, in contrast with more typical nickel-rich SNe Ibc. However, it remains to be determined what types of stars would produce bright shock-cooling light curves without significant contribution from radioactive nickel. Bare helium stars in the mass range ~2-4 solar masses are known to hydrostatically develop radii as large as 100 solar radii or more due to strong He and C shell burning outside of a core with a sharp density gradient. We produc…
We show that the luminous supernovae (SNe) associated with ultra-long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) can be related to the slow cooling from the explosions of hydrogen-free progenitors extended by pulsational pair-instability. In the accompanying paper (Marchant & Moriya 2020), we have shown that some rapidly-rotating hydrogen-free GRB progenitors that experience pulsational pair-instability can keep an extended structure caused by pulsational pair-instability until the core collapse. Such progenitors have large radii exceeding 10 Rsun and they sometimes reach beyond 1000 Rsun at the time of the core…
Type IIn supernovae (SNe\,IIn) are an uncommon and highly heterogeneous class of SN where the SN ejecta interact with pre-existing circumstellar media (CSM). Previous studies have found a mass ladder in terms of the association of the SN location with H$α$ emission and the progenitor masses of SN classes. In this paper, we present the largest environmental study of SNe\,IIn. We analyse the H$α$ environments of 77 type IIn supernovae using continuum subtracted H$α$ images. We use the pixel statistics technique, normalised cumulative ranking (NCR), to associate SN pixels with H$α$ emission. We f…
The discovery of rapidly rising and fading supernovae powered by circumstellar interaction has suggested the pre-supernova mass eruption phase as a critical phenomenon in massive star evolution. It is important to understand the mass and radial extent of the circumstellar medium (CSM) from theoretically predicted mass ejection mechanisms. In this work, we study the wave heating process in massive hydrogen-poor stars, running a suite of stellar models in order to predict the wave energy and pre-explosion time scale of surface energy deposition. We survey stellar models with main sequence progen…
The nature of the progenitor system[s] of Type Ia Supernovae is still unclear. In this contribution I review the projects that have been undertaken to answer this question and the results they have led to. The conclusion is that, as of today, we have reasonable guesses but none of them has yet been proven by direct observations.
Early observations of supernova light curves are powerful tools for shedding light on the pre-explosion structures of their progenitors and their mass-loss histories just prior to explosion. Some core-collapse supernovae that are detected during the first days after the explosion prominently show two peaks in the optical bands, including the $R$ and $I$ bands, where the first peak appears to be powered by the cooling of shocked surface material and the second peak is clearly powered by radioactive decay. Such light curves have been explored in detail theoretically for SN 1993J and 2011dh, wher…
We investigate two stripped-envelope supernovae (SNe) discovered in the nearby galaxy NGC 5806 by the (i)PTF. These SNe, designated PTF12os/SN 2012P and iPTF13bvn, exploded at a similar distance from the host-galaxy center. We classify PTF12os as a Type IIb SN based on our spectral sequence; iPTF13bvn has previously been classified as Type Ib having a likely progenitor with zero age main sequence (ZAMS) mass below ~17 solar masses. Our main objective is to constrain the explosion parameters of iPTF12os and iPTF13bvn, and to put constraints on the SN progenitors. We present comprehensive datase…
Knowledge of the progenitors of core-collapse supernovae is a fundamental component in understanding the explosions. The recent progress in finding such stars is reviewed. The minimum initial mass that can produce a supernova has converged to 8 +/- 1 solar masses, from direct detections of red supergiant progenitors of II-P SNe and the most massive white dwarf progenitors, although this value is model dependent. It appears that most type Ibc supernovae arise from moderate mass interacting binaries. The highly energetic, broad-lined Ic supernovae are likely produced by massive, Wolf-Rayet proge…
We investigate the low-luminosity supernova SN 2016bkv and its peculiar early-time interaction. For that, we compute radiative transfer models using the CMFGEN code. Because SN 2016bkv shows signs of interaction with material expelled by its progenitor, it offers a great opportunity to constrain the uncertain evolutionary channels leading to low-luminosity supernovae. Our models indicate that the progenitor had a mass-loss rate of (6.0 +- 2.0) x 1e-4 Msun/yr (assuming a velocity of 150 km/s). The surface abundances of the progenitor are consistent with solar contents of He and CNO. If SN 2016b…
Context. The companions of the exploding carbon-oxygen white dwarfs (CO WDs) for producing type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are still not conclusively confirmed. A red-giant (RG) star has been suggested to be the mass donor of the exploding WD, named as the symbiotic channel. However, previous studies on the this channel gave a relatively low rate of SNe Ia. Aims. We aim to systematically investigate the parameter space, Galactic rates and delay time distributions of SNe Ia from the symbiotic channel by employing a revised mass-transfer prescription. Methods. We adopted an integrated mass-transfer …
Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) play a prominent role in understanding the evolution of Universe. They are thought to be thermonuclear explosions of mass-accreting carbon-oxygen white dwarfs (CO WDs) in binaries, although the mass donors of the accreting WDs are still not well determined. In this article, I review recent studies on mass-accreting WDs, including H- and He-accreting WDs. I also review currently most studied progenitor models of SNe Ia, i.e., the single-degenerate model (including the WD+MS channel, the WD+RG channel and the WD+He star channel), the double-degenerate model (including…
Core-collapse supernovae are the first polluters of heavy elements in the galactic history. As such, it is important to study the nuclear compositions of their ejecta, and understand their dependence on the progenitor structure (e.g., mass, compactness, metallicity). Here, we present a detailed nucleosynthesis study based on two long-term, two-dimensional core-collapse supernova simulations of a 11.2 M$_{\odot}$ and a 17.0 M$_{\odot}$ star. We find that in both models nuclei well beyond the iron group (up to $Z \approx 44$) can be produced, and discuss in detail also the nucleosynthesis of the…
