In this work, a state-of-the-art vortex detection method, Instantaneous Vorticity Deviation, is applied to locate three-dimensional vortex tube boundaries in numerical simulations of solar photospheric magnetoconvection performed by the MURaM code. We detected three-dimensional vortices distributed along intergranular regions and displaying coned shapes that extend from the photosphere to the low chromosphere. Based on a well-defined vortex center and boundary, we were able to determine averaged radial profiles and thereby investigate the dynamics across the vortical flows at different height levels. The solar vortex tubes present nonuniform angular rotational velocity, and, at all height levels, there are eddy viscosity effects within the vortices, which slow down the plasma as it moves toward the center. The vortices impact the magnetic field as they help to intensify the magnetic field at the sinking points, and in turn, the magnetic field ends up playing an essential role in the vortex dynamics. The magnetic field was found to be especially important to the vorticity evolution. On the other hand, it is shown that, in general, kinematic vortices do not give rise to magnetic vortices unless their tangential velocities at different height levels are high enough to overcome the magnetic tension.
Spectro-Polarimetric Properties of Small-Scale Plasma Eruptions Driven by Magnetic Vortex Tubes
太阳对流的高度湍流性质导致了次表层与光球层和色球层之间强烈的多尺度相互作用。根据真实的三维辐射MHD数值模拟无处不在的小尺度涡管产生的湍流下可见的表面和集中在颗粒间的车道。涡管可以捕获和放大磁场,穿透色球层,并引发准周期性的流动爆发,产生Alfvénic波,将质量和能量输送到太阳大气中。模拟揭示了高速流动模式,复杂的热力学和磁结构的爆发涡流管。近地层强烈的压力梯度是自发喷发的启动和驱动力,而低色球层的洛伦兹力则加速了自发喷发。在本文中,模拟数据被用来进一步调查的喷发,其光谱偏振特性的Fe I 6301.5和6302.5 A谱线的动力学,并展示预期的签名的喷发日出SP数据。我们发现,复杂的动力学结构的涡管(在涡核和周边的上升流下降)可以捕捉到的斯托克斯I型。在喷发过程中,下降流和上升流的比例会突然改变,这种效应可以在斯托克斯V剖面中观察到。此外,在喷发期间,线偏振信号增加,这也可以用Hinode SP检测到。
Magnetic shocks and substructures excited by torsional Alfvén wave interactions in merging expanding flux tubes
在太阳光球层上经常观测到涡旋运动。这些运动可能在能量和动量从低层大气输送到太阳上层大气的过程中发挥关键作用,有助于日冕加热。太阳的低层大气也由复杂的通量管网络组成,这些通量管在色球层和高层大气中扩展和合并。我们进行了数值模拟,以调查的行为的涡旋驱动波传播在一对这样的通量管在一个非力自由的平衡与现实模拟的太阳大气。两个通量管在其足点处被反向旋转的涡流运动独立地扰动。当通量管合并时,涡运动既有线性的也有非线性的相互作用。线性相互作用产生了许多小尺度的瞬态磁子结构,由于由涡旋运动施加的磁应力。因此,由于光球涡旋运动,最初的整体管被分离成复杂的多螺纹管。波的相互作用还驱动振幅增加的叠加,直到它超过局部马赫数,并产生以大约$ 50$ km s $^{-1}$的速度向上传播的激波。冲击波作为向上输送动量和能量的管道,并将局部等离子体加热超过一个数量级,峰值温度约为$60,000$ K。因此,我们提出了一个新的机制,从太阳低层大气到日冕的磁波导的产生。这种波导出现的结果,在相邻的通量管相互作用的扰动。因此,光球涡旋运动的相互作用是太阳低层大气向高层大气能量传输的一个潜在的重要机制。
Using high-resolution spectropolarimetric data recorded with the Swedish 1 m Solar Telescope, we have identified several instances of granular lanes traveling into granules. These are believed to be the observational signature of underlying tubes of vortical flow with their axis oriented parallel to the solar surface. Associated with these horizontal vortex tubes, we detect in some cases a significant signal in linear polarization, located at the trailing dark edge of the granular lane. The linear polarization appears at a later stage of the granular lane development, and is flanked by patches…
Observational Investigation of Energy Release in the Lower Solar Atmosphere of a Solar Flare
我们使用新太阳望远镜(NST/BBSO)和日震磁成像仪(HMI/SDO)获得的2014年6月12日M1级耀斑的观测数据研究太阳低层大气中的耀斑过程。主要目标是利用高分辨率光学观测和磁场测量,了解太阳大气层较低层(光球层和色球层)耀斑能量释放的触发因素和表现形式。我们分析光学图像,HMI多普勒和矢量磁图,并使用非线性无力场(NLFFF)外推重建的磁拓扑结构。NLFFF模型揭示了PIL中反向磁通量管的相互作用。这两个相互作用的磁通量管在NST的高分辨率宽带连续图像中被观测为沿着PIL的紧凑剪切拱廊。在PIL附近,NST H α观测揭示了对应于小尺度光球磁拱的薄三带结构的形成。观测结果表明,在致密色球层中,等离子体部分电离在极性反转线附近的强电流集中的区域,有利于初级能量释放的位置。磁重联可以由两个相互作用的磁通量管触发,形成沿着PIL伸长的电流片。
The majority of studies on multi-scale vortex motions employ a two-dimensional geometry by using a variety of observational and numerical data. This approach limits the understanding the nature of physical processes responsible for vortex dynamics. Here we develop a new methodology to extract essential information from the boundary surface of vortex tubes. 3D high-resolution magnetoconvection MURaM numerical data has been used to analyse photospheric intergranular velocity vortices. The Lagrangian Averaged Vorticity Deviation (LAVD) technique was applied to define the centers of vortex structu…
Generation of Longitudinal Flux Tube Waves in Theoretical Main-Sequence Stars: Effects of Model Parameters
上下文继续研究不同活动水平恒星对流区磁声能量产生与恒星外层大气能量耗散和辐射发射之间的联系。目标。根据R. L. Kurucz和D. F.格雷此外,我们提出了一个拟合公式的波能通量的基础上,管理恒星和磁性参数。方法.基于混合长度概念的湍流产生理论与磁流体动力学方程相结合,数值计算了磁通量管底部产生的波能。结果结果表明,产生的波能量的恒星和磁参数的刚性依赖与以前的研究基本一致。波能通量FLTW在G0V和K0V星之间减小约1.7倍,但在K0V和M0V星之间减小近两个数量级。此外,F_LTW的值对于较低的管内磁场强度显著较高。这两个结果与以前的研究结果一致。结论.我们的研究将补充晚型主序星的磁能产生的描述。我们的结果将有助于计算不同磁活动水平恒星的理论大气模型。
Formation and Eruption of a Vortex-driven Magnetic Flux Rope in the Simulated Quiet Sun
School of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University(南京大学天文与空间科学学院);Key Laboratory of Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics (Nanjing University), Ministry of Education(南京大学现代天文与天体物理教育部重点实验室)
Recent Advances in the Exploration of the Small-Scale Structure of the Quiet Solar Atmosphere: Vortex Flows, the Horizontal Magnetic Field, and the Stokes-V Line-Ratio Method
我们回顾了(i)太阳大气中涡旋流的观测和数值模拟以及(ii)平静太阳区域水平磁场的测量。首先,我们讨论了各种表现形式的旋涡流,并强调调解漩涡运动的磁场的太阳表面附近的光球层和色球层的高层的作用。我们重新审视现有的太阳表面磁对流的模拟运行方面的旋涡流,并比较以前获得的结果。其次,我们回顾了与测量太阳宁静区磁场角分布相关的矛盾结果和问题。此外,我们回顾了斯托克斯-V-振幅比方法的线Fe I 630.15和630.25 nm。我们得出的结论是,最近发现的两个不同的人口在散点图中的这个比例不能被解释为“未塌陷”和“塌陷”的领域,但它们源于弱颗粒磁场和弱冠层场位于颗粒之间的边界和粒间空间。基于新的模拟运行,我们重申了先前的研究结果的水平场分量的优势超过垂直的,特别是在上层光球和色球层的底部。
The Polar Vortex Hypothesis: Evolving, Spectrally Distinct Polar Regions Explain Short- and Long-term Light Curve Evolution and Color-Inclination Trends in Brown Dwarfs and Giant Exoplanets