arXiv 2007.036582020-07nucl-thhep-exhep-ph

相干弹性与非弹性中微子–原子核散射截面

Cross sections for coherent elastic and inelastic neutrino-nucleus scattering

N. Van Dessel, V. Pandey, H. Ray, N. Jachowicz

备注：: Invited article for the Special Issue "Many Body Theory" of the Universe journal. Published version. 28 pages, 12 figures
发表信息：: Universe 9(5), 207 (2023)
DOI：: 10.3390/universe9050207

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AI总结：

本研究基于HF-SkE2与CRPA框架计算多种核的CEνNS及非弹性中微子散射截面，并评估⁴⁰Ar核形状因子的理论不确定性。

摘要：

在相干弹性中微子–原子核散射（CEνNS）过程中提取新物理信号的前景，受到弱核形状因子所蕴含的底层核结构物理已知精度的限制。我们给出了电荷与弱核形状因子，以及中微子在¹²C、¹⁶O、⁴⁰Ar、⁵⁶Fe和²⁰⁸Pb核上CEνNS截面的计算。我们通过采用Skyrme（SkE2）核势求解Hartree–Fock（HF）方程，获得质子和中子密度以及电荷和弱形状因子。通过将²⁰⁸Pb和⁴⁰Ar电荷形状因子预测与现有弹性电子散射数据进行比较，我们验证了所用方法。由于停止π介子源处的CEνNS实验也非常适合测量非弹性带电流和中性流中微子–原子核截面，我们还给出了这些过程的计算，并在HF-SkE2原子核图像之上加入连续无规相位近似（CRPA）描述。通过在一致框架内同时提供相干和非弹性截面，我们旨在可靠且详细地比较这些过程在约100 MeV以下能区的强度。此外，我们通过比较近期微观核理论与广泛使用的唯象形状因子预测之间的相对差异，尝试评估与⁴⁰Ar形状因子及CEνNS截面描述相关的理论不确定度水平。未来对CEνNS的精密测量可能有助于约束这些核结构细节，从而反过来改善提取新物理的前景。

英文摘要：

The prospects of extracting new physics signals in coherent elastic neutrino--nucleus scattering (CE$ν$NS) processes are limited by the precision with which the underlying nuclear structure physics, embedded in the weak nuclear form factor, is known. We present calculations of charge and weak nuclear form factors and CE$ν$NS cross sections on $^{12}$C, $^{16}$O, $^{40}$Ar, $^{56}$Fe and $^{208}$Pb nuclei. We obtain the proton and neutron densities, and charge and weak form factors by solving Hartree--Fock (HF) equations with a Skyrme (SkE2) nuclear potential. We validate our approach by comparing $^{208}$Pb and $^{40}$Ar charge form factor predictions with available elastic electron scattering data. Since CE$ν$NS experiments at stopped--pion sources are also well suited to measure inelastic charged--current and neutral--current neutrino--nucleus cross sections, we also present calculations for these processes, incorporating a continuum Random Phase Approximation (CRPA) description on top of the HF-SkE2 picture of the nucleus. Providing both coherent as well as inelastic cross sections in a consistent framework, we aim at obtaining a reliable and detailed comparison of the strength of these processes in the energy region below ~100 MeV. Furthermore, we attempt to gauge the level of theoretical uncertainty pertaining to the description of the $^{40}$Ar form factor and CE$ν$NS cross sections by comparing relative differences between recent microscopic nuclear theory and widely--used phenomenological form factor predictions. Future precision measurements of CE$ν$NS will potentially help in constraining these nuclear structure details that will in turn improve prospects of extracting new physics.

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