研究发现在多变环境中分子马达具有独特稳态行为,降低 ATP 浓度时多马达配置更受青睐,高负载促使马达聚集而极高负载促其分离以利于后续移动,揭示了分子马达运输细胞内货物的协调策略。
摘要:
细胞内货物的运输通常由在多变条件下的混乱环境中运作的分子马达团队介导。我们表明,这些马达具有独特的稳态行为,能够实现稳健的运输模式。在降低的 ATP 浓度下,多马达配置比单马达更受青睐。较高的负载力驱使马达聚集,但极高的负载迫使它们分离,这种方式在负载减弱时能促进货物立即移动。这些由解析保证支持的推论,为分子马达运输细胞内货物所采取的协调策略提供了独特见解。
英文摘要:
Transport of intracellular cargo is often mediated by teams of molecular motors that function in a chaotic environment under varying conditions. We show that the motors have unique steady state behavior which enables transport modalities that are robust. Under reduced ATP concentrations, multi-motor configurations are preferred over single motors. Higher load force drives motors to cluster, but very high loads compel them to separate in a manner that promotes immediate cargo movement once the load subsides. These inferences, backed by analytical guarantees, provide unique insights into the coordination strategies adopted by molecular motors to transport intracellular cargo.
Analytical formulas for effective drift, diffusivity, run times, and run lengths are derived for an intracellular transport system consisting of a cargo attached to two cooperative but not identical molecular motors (for example, kinesin-1 and kinesin-2) which can each attach and detach from a microtubule. The dynamics of the motor and cargo in each phase are governed by stochastic differential equations, and the switching rates depend on the spatial configuration of the motor and cargo. This system is analyzed in a limit where the detached motors have faster dynamics than the cargo, which in …
Effectiveness of a dynein team in tug-of-war helped by reduced load-sensitivity of detachment: evidence from study of bidirectional endosome transport in Dictyostelium discoideum
驱动蛋白是一种沿微管运输货物的分子马达。动力学模型\cite{Clancy11}描述了许多关于驱动蛋白-1的{ \it in vitro}实验的结果,其中一个转变对应于拴系的运动头的向前运动和随后的结合。我们认为,在一个粘弹性介质中,如细胞的胞质溶胶,这一步是不马尔可夫的,必须描述一个非指数的等待时间分布。我们引入一个半马尔可夫动力学模型驱动蛋白,考虑到这种效果。对于任意的等待时间分布,我们计算所做的步数的矩母函数,并由此确定电机的平均速度和扩散常数。我们说明了我们的结果的情况下,等待时间分布是威布尔。我们发现,对于现实的参数值,粘弹性降低的速度和扩散常数,但增加的随机性(或范诺因子)。
A common type of cytoskeletal morphology involves multiple converging microbutubules with their minus ends collected and stabilized by a microtubule organizing center (MTOC) in the interior of the cell. This arrangement enables the ballistic transport of cargo bound to microtubules, both dynein mediated transport towards the MTOC and kinesin mediated transport away from it, interspersed with diffusion for unbound cargo-motor complexes. Spatial and temporal positioning of the MTOC allows for bidirectional transport towards and away from specific organelles and locations within the cell and also…