arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2007.00006astro-ph.GA
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星系动力学在形成类Milky Way星系巨分子云物理性质中的作用

The role of galactic dynamics in shaping the physical properties of giant molecular clouds in Milky Way-like galaxies

Sarah M. R. Jeffreson, J. M. Diederik Kruijssen, Benjamin W. Keller, Mélanie Chevance, Simon C. O. Glover

摘要:

我们研究的作用,大规模的银河系动力学环境中设置的性质的巨大分子云在银河系般的星系。我们进行了三个高分辨率模拟银河系一样的光盘与移动网格流体动力学代码Arepo,产生一个统计样本的$\sim 80,000$巨大的分子云和$\sim 55,000$ HI云。我们占气体,动量和热能注入超新星和HII地区,质量注入恒星风,和非平衡化学的氢,碳和氧的自引力。通过改变外部引力势,我们探测了银河系动力学环境中的轨道角速度,引力稳定性,中面压力和银河系旋转曲线的梯度跨越一个数量级。模拟的分子云相对于周围的星际介质是高度过密的($\sim 100\times$)和超压的($\sim 25\times$)。它们的重力湍流和恒星形成特性与银河系中平面的动力学无关,因此kpc尺度的恒星形成率表面密度只与银河系中平面每单位面积的分子云数量有关。尽管如此,星云的旋转特性与星系剪切和引力自由落体的速率之间仍有着明显的、天文学意义上的相关性。我们发现,银河系的旋转和引力不稳定性可以影响它们的伸长率,角动量和切向速度色散。HI云的较低压力和密度允许更大范围的显着动力学相关性,反映了分子云的旋转特性,同时也显示了它们的引力和湍流特性与银河动力学环境的耦合。

英文摘要:

We examine the role of the large-scale galactic-dynamical environment in setting the properties of giant molecular clouds in Milky Way-like galaxies. We perform three high-resolution simulations of Milky Way-like discs with the moving-mesh hydrodynamics code Arepo, yielding a statistical sample of $\sim 80,000$ giant molecular clouds and $\sim 55,000$ HI clouds. We account for the self-gravity of the gas, momentum and thermal energy injection from supernovae and HII regions, mass injection from stellar winds, and the non-equilibrium chemistry of hydrogen, carbon and oxygen. By varying the external gravitational potential, we probe galactic-dynamical environments spanning an order of magnitude in the orbital angular velocity, gravitational stability, mid-plane pressure and the gradient of the galactic rotation curve. The simulated molecular clouds are highly overdense ($\sim 100\times$) and over-pressured ($\sim 25\times$) relative to the ambient interstellar medium. Their gravo-turbulent and star-forming properties are decoupled from the dynamics of the galactic mid-plane, so that the kpc-scale star formation rate surface density is related only to the number of molecular clouds per unit area of the galactic mid-plane. Despite this, the clouds display clear, statistically-significant correlations of their rotational properties with the rates of galactic shearing and gravitational free-fall. We find that galactic rotation and gravitational instability can influence their elongation, angular momenta, and tangential velocity dispersions. The lower pressures and densities of the HI clouds allow for a greater range of significant dynamical correlations, mirroring the rotational properties of the molecular clouds, while also displaying a coupling of their gravitational and turbulent properties to the galactic-dynamical environment.

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