银河系ArchaeoLogIcaL ExcavatiOns（GALILEO）I.对整个Milky Way的APOGEE富N巨头的最新普查
Galactic ArchaeoLogIcaL ExcavatiOns (GALILEO) I. An updated census of APOGEE N-rich giants across the Milky Way
摘要：
我们使用Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment（APOGEE-2）第二阶段的第17次数据发布，以提供银河系（MW）中富含N的红巨星的均匀普查。我们共报告了149个新发现的富N场巨星朝向我们银河系的凸起、贫金属盘和晕。它们的氮丰度比（[N/Fe] $\gtrsim+0.5$）显著富集，同时[C/Fe]丰度比（[C/Fe] $< +0.15$）减少，并且它们覆盖了广泛的金属丰度（$-1.8 < $ [Fe/H] $ <-0.7$）。来自APOGEE巡天的具有球状星团样（GC样）丰度模式的候选富N红巨星的最终样本包括$\sim$ 412个独特的天体。这些强N增强的恒星被推测是基于它们与这些系统的化学相似性而从GC中剥离出来的。尽管我们还没有发现任何强有力的证据证明双星伴星或脉动变率的特征，但我们不能排除其中一些天体过去是双星系统的成员和/或目前是变星系统的一部分的可能性。特别是，我们在银河系的场星中发现了这样的恒星，这一事实提供了强有力的证据，证明产生异常[N/Fe]丰度比的核合成过程发生在广泛的金属丰度范围内。这可能提供证据支持或反对的独特性的祖先恒星GC和/或存在的化学异常可能潮汐粉碎集群在大规模的矮星系，如“海妖/考拉”，\textit{Gaia} -土卫二香肠，除其他外，之前或期间吸积的MW。动力学分析表明，新发现的富N星表现出广泛的动力学特性，整个MW，…
英文摘要：
(ABRIDGED) We use the 17th data release of the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-2) to provide a homogenous census of N-rich red giant stars across the Milky Way (MW). We report a total of 149 newly identified N-rich field giants toward the bulge, metal-poor disk, and halo of our Galaxy. They exhibit significant enrichment in their nitrogen abundance ratios ([N/Fe] $\gtrsim+0.5$), along with simultaneous depletions in their [C/Fe] abundance ratios ([C/Fe] $< +0.15$), and they cover a wide range of metallicities ($-1.8 < $ [Fe/H] $ <-0.7$). The final sample of candidate N-rich red giant stars with globular-cluster-like (GC-like) abundance patterns from the APOGEE survey includes a grand total of $\sim$ 412 unique objects. These strongly N-enhanced stars are speculated to have been stripped from GCs based on their chemical similarities with these systems. Even though we have not found any strong evidence for binary companions or signatures of pulsating variability yet, we cannot rule out the possibility that some of these objects were members of binary systems in the past and/or are currently part of a variable system. In particular, the fact that we identify such stars among the field stars in our Galaxy provides strong evidence that the nucleosynthetic process(es) producing the anomalous [N/Fe] abundance ratios occurs over a wide range of metallicities. This may provide evidence either for or against the uniqueness of the progenitor stars to GCs and/or the existence of chemical anomalies associated with likely tidally shredded clusters in massive dwarf galaxies such as "Kraken/Koala," \textit{Gaia}-Enceladus-Sausage, among others, before or during their accretion by the MW. A dynamical analysis reveals that the newly identified N-rich stars exhibit a wide range of dynamical characteristics throughout the MW, ...
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