The detection of gravitational-waves provides us with a deep insight into the universe. In order to increase the number of detectable gravitational-wave sources, several future gravitational-wave detectors will operate with cryogenic mirrors. Recent studies, however, showed residual gas molecules inside the vacuum chamber adhere to the cryogenic mirror surface and form a molecular layer which grows with time. The growing molecular layer introduces an additional optical loss in the mirror which can decrease the detector's performance. We theoretically estimate the optical loss by the molecular layer in a cryogenically operated gravitational-wave detector. The impacts on a cryogenic gravitational-wave detector is discussed based on the results of optical loss estimation.
Design and Performance of a Heated Gas Injector for Producing Cold Molecular Beams
Harvard/MIT Center for Ultracold Atoms（哈佛/麻省理工超冷原子中心）；Department of Physics, Harvard University（哈佛大学物理系）；Division of Engineering Science, University of Toronto（多伦多大学工程科学部）；Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology（麻省理工学院物理系）
A Polarization-Decomposed Method for Simulating Inhomogeneous Birefringence in Laser-Interferometric Gravitational-Wave Detectors
Institute of Science Tokyo（东京科学大学）；University of Tokyo（东京大学）；Cardiff University（卡迪夫大学）；University of Adelaide（阿德莱德大学）；The University of Tokyo（东京大学）；National Astronomical Observatory of Japan（日本国立天文台）；Università di Trento（特伦托大学）；Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency（日本宇宙航空研究开发机构）
Noise budget of Cryogenic sub-Hz cROss torsion bar detector with quantum NOn-demolition Speed meter (CHRONOS)
National Institute of Physics, University of the Philippines - Diliman（菲律宾大学迪利曼分校国立物理研究所）；Center for High Energy and High Field (CHiP), National Central University（中原大学高能高场中心）；Department of Physics,National Central University（中原大学物理系）；Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica（中央研究院物理研究所）；Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, High Energy Acceleration Research Organization (KEK)（高能加速器研究机构粒子与核研究部）
3D-Structured Polyethylene Windows for Low-Loss Transmission in Wideband Cryogenic Terahertz Systems
Chalmers University of Technology（查尔姆斯理工大学）；Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, Grenoble INP, CROMA（格勒诺布尔阿尔卑斯大学、萨瓦-蒙布朗大学、法国国家科学研究中心、格勒诺布尔理工学院、CROMA）
