弯曲纳米线中竞争磁态和开关路径的直接动态成像定量研究
Quantification of competing magnetic states and switching pathways in curved nanowires by direct dynamic imaging
摘要：
对于可行的应用，基于例如畴壁运动的自旋电子器件需要具有稳定的磁化状态和将一种状态转换为另一种状态的高度可再现的切换路径，并且是高度可靠的。系统中存在多个稳定状态和切换路径是设备操作的决定性障碍，但罕见和随机事件难以检测和理解。我们展示了一种方法来量化竞争的磁性状态和随机切换路径的基础上，时间分辨扫描电子显微镜与极化分析，适用于技术相关的控制涡畴壁手性通过字段和弯曲的电线。虽然是一个泵探测技术，但我们的分析方案允许解开不同的发生动态路径，我们甚至可以确定罕见的事件，导致从一个磁化切换路径的变化，通过温度和几何形状依赖的测量到另一个路径。实验成像的支持下，微磁模拟，以揭示机制负责的途径的变化。一起的结果使我们能够解释的起源和细节的畴壁手性控制和量化的频率和相关的能量障碍的热激活的状态和切换路径的变化。
英文摘要：
For viable applications, spintronic devices based e.g. on domain wall motion need to be highly reliable with stable magnetization states and highly reproducible switching pathways transforming one state to another. The existence of multiple stable states and switching pathways in a system is a definitive barrier for device operation, yet rare and stochastic events are difficult to detect and understand. We demonstrate an approach to quantify competing magnetic states and stochastic switching pathways based on time-resolved scanning electron microscopy with polarization analysis, applied to the technologically relevant control of vortex domain wall chirality via field and curvature in curved wires. While being a pump-probe technique, our analysis scheme nonetheless allows for the disentanglement of different occurring dynamic pathways and we can even identify the rare events leading to changes from one magnetization switching pathway to another pathway via temperature- and geometry-dependent measurements. The experimental imaging is supported by micromagnetic simulations to reveal the mechanisms responsible for the change of the pathway. Together the results allow us to explain the origin and details of the domain wall chirality control and to quantify the frequency and the associated energy barriers of thermally activated changes of the states and switching pathways.
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