We present a novel idea on adequacy testing called ``{vulnerability coverage}.'' The introduced coverage measure examines the underlying software for the presence of certain classes of vulnerabilities often found in the National Vulnerability Database (NVD) website. The thoroughness of the test input generation procedure is performed through the adaptation of evolutionary algorithms namely Genetic Algorithms (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The methodology utilizes the Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS), a free and open industry standard for assessing the severity of computer system security vulnerabilities, as a fitness measure for test inputs generation. The outcomes of these evolutionary algorithms are then evaluated in order to identify the vulnerabilities that match a class of vulnerability patterns for testing purposes.
The Java libraries JCA and JSSE offer cryptographic APIs to facilitate secure coding. When developers misuse some of the APIs, their code becomes vulnerable to cyber-attacks. To eliminate such vulnerabilities, people built tools to detect security-API misuses via pattern matching. However, most tools do not (1) fix misuses or (2) allow users to extend tools' pattern sets. To overcome both limitations, we created Seader-an example-based approach to detect and repair security-API misuses. Given an exemplar <insecure, secure>code pair, Seader compares the snippets to infer any API-misuse template…
Java platform provides various APIs to facilitate secure coding. However, correctly using security APIs is usually challenging for developers who lack cybersecurity training. Prior work shows that many developers misuse security APIs; such misuses can introduce vulnerabilities into software, void security protections, and present security exploits to hackers. To eliminate such API-related vulnerabilities, this paper presents SEADER -- our new approach that detects and repairs security API misuses. Given an exemplar, insecure code snippet, and its secure counterpart, SEADER compares the snippet…
Distribution Service (DDS) is a realtime peer-to-peer protocol that serves as a scalable middleware between distributed networked systems found in many Industrial IoT domains such as automotive, medical, energy, and defense. Since the initial ratification of the standard, specifications have introduced a Security Model and Service Plugin Interface (SPI) architecture, facilitating authenticated encryption and data centric access control while preserving interoperable data exchange. However, as Secure DDS v1.1, the default plugin specifications presently exchanges digitally signed capability lis…
In this paper, the vulnerability of the Vadai, Mingesz and Gingl (VMG)- Kirchhoff-Law-Johnson-Noise (KLJN) Key Exchanger (Nature, Science Report 5 (2015) 13653) against two active attacks is demonstrated. The security vulnerability arises from the fact that the effective driving impedances are different between the HL and LH cases for the VMG-KLJN scheme; whereas for the ideal KLJN scheme they are same. Two defense schemes are shown against these attacks but each of them can protect against only one of the attack types; but not against the two attacks simultaneously. The theoretical results ar…
Increasing interest in securing the Android ecosystem has spawned numerous efforts to assist app developers in building secure apps. These efforts have resulted in tools and techniques capable of detecting vulnerabilities (and malicious behaviors) in apps. However, there has been no evaluation of the effectiveness of these tools and techniques in detecting known vulnerabilities. The absence of such evaluations puts app developers at a disadvantage when choosing security analysis tools to secure their apps. In this regard, we evaluated the effectiveness of vulnerability detection tools for Andr…
CodeBC: A More Secure Large Language Model for Smart Contract Code Generation in Blockchain
State Key Laboratory of Complex & Critical Software Environment, Beihang University（复杂与关键软件环境国家重点实验室，北京航空航天大学）；School of Artificial Intelligence, Beihang University（人工智能学院，北京航空航天大学）；Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Blockchain and Privacy Computing（未来区块链与隐私计算北京先进创新中心）；Beijing Academy of Blockchain and Edge Computing, BABEC（区块链与边缘计算北京研究院，BABEC）
Security of mobile apps affects the security of their users. This has fueled the development of techniques to automatically detect vulnerabilities in mobile apps and help developers secure their apps; specifically, in the context of Android platform due to openness and ubiquitousness of the platform. Despite a slew of research efforts in this space, there is no comprehensive repository of up-to-date and lean benchmarks that contain most of the known Android app vulnerabilities and, consequently, can be used to rigorously evaluate both existing and new vulnerability detection techniques and hel…
Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University（佛罗里达农工大学）
As the role of information and communication technologies gradually increases in our lives, source code security becomes a significant issue to protect against malicious attempts Furthermore with the advent of data-driven techniques, there is now a growing interest in leveraging machine learning and natural language processing as a source code assurance method to build trustworthy systems Therefore training our future software developers to write secure source code is in high demand In this thesis we propose a framework including learning modules and hands on labs to guide future IT profession…
Differential privacy is among the most prominent techniques for preserving privacy of sensitive data, oweing to its robust mathematical guarantees and general applicability to a vast array of computations on data, including statistical analysis and machine learning. Previous work demonstrated that concrete implementations of differential privacy mechanisms are vulnerable to statistical attacks. This vulnerability is caused by the approximation of real values to floating point numbers. This paper presents a practical solution to the finite-precision floating point vulnerability, where the inver…
The Hill cipher is a classical symmetric encryption algorithm that succumbs to the know-plaintext attack. Although its vulnerability to cryptanalysis has rendered it unusable in practice, it still serves an important pedagogical role in cryptology and linear algebra. In this paper, a variant of the Hill cipher is introduced that makes the Hill cipher secure while it retains the efficiency. The proposed scheme includes a ciphering core for which a cryptographic protocol is introduced.
With the increasing concern for security in the network, many approaches are laid out that try to protect the network from unauthorised access. New methods have been adopted in order to find the potential discrepancies that may damage the network. Most commonly used approach is the vulnerability assessment. By vulnerability, we mean, the potential flaws in the system that make it prone to the attack. Assessment of these system vulnerabilities provide a means to identify and develop new strategies so as to protect the system from the risk of being damaged. This paper focuses on the usage of var…
SecureFalcon: Are We There Yet in Automated Software Vulnerability Detection with LLMs?
Guelma University（盖勒马大学）；Technology Innovation Institute（技术创新研究院）；Khalifa University of Science and Technology（哈利法科技大学）；University of Manchester（曼彻斯特大学）
Nowadays, mobile banking becomes a popular tool which consumers can conduct financial transactions such as shopping, monitoring accounts balance, transferring funds and other payments. Consumers dependency on mobile needs, make people take a little bit more interest in mobile banking. The use of the one-time password which is sent to the user mobile phone by short message service (SMS) is a vulnerability which we want to solve with proposing a new scheme called S-Mbank. We replace the authentication using the one-time password with the contactless smart card to prevent attackers to use the une…
The University of New South Wales (UNSW)（新南威尔士大学）；RMIT University（皇家墨尔本理工大学）
Security risk assessment and prediction are critical for organisations deploying Internet of Things (IoT) devices. An absolute minimum requirement for enterprises is to verify the security risk of IoT devices for the reported vulnerabilities in the National Vulnerability Database (NVD). This paper proposes a novel risk prediction for IoT devices based on publicly available information about them. Our solution provides an easy and cost-efficient solution for enterprises of all sizes to predict the security risk of deploying new IoT devices. After an extensive analysis of the NVD records over th…
This paper is an introductory discussion on the cause of open source software vulnerabilities, their importance in the cybersecurity ecosystem, and a selection of detection methods. A recent application security report showed 44% of applications contain critical vulnerabilities in an open source component, a concerning proportion. Most companies do not have a reliable way of being directly and promptly notified when zero-day vulnerabilities are found and then when patches are made available. This means attack vectors in open source exist longer than necessary. Conventional approaches to vulner…
Vulnerability exploitation is reportedly one of the main attack vectors against computer systems. Yet, most vulnerabilities remain unexploited by attackers. It is therefore of central importance to identify vulnerabilities that carry a high `potential for attack'. In this paper we rely on Symantec data on real attacks detected in the wild to identify a trade-off in the Impact and Complexity of a vulnerability, in terms of attacks that it generates; exploiting this effect, we devise a readily computable estimator of the vulnerability's Attack Potential that reliably estimates the expected volum…
Virtualization enables information and communications technology industry to better manage computing resources. In this regard, improvements in virtualization approaches together with the need for consistent runtime environment, lower overhead and smaller package size has led to the growing adoption of containers. This is a technology, which packages an application, its dependencies and Operating System (OS) to run as an isolated unit. However, the pressing concern with the use of containers is its susceptibility to security attacks. Consequently, a number of container scanning tools are avail…
In this paper, we assess the security and testability of the state-of-the-art design-for-security (DFS) architectures in the presence of scan-chain locking/obfuscation, a group of solution that has previously proposed to restrict unauthorized access to the scan chain. We discuss the key leakage vulnerability in the recently published prior-art DFS architectures. This leakage relies on the potential glitches in the DFS architecture that could lead the adversary to make a leakage condition in the circuit. Also, we demonstrate that the state-of-the-art DFS architectures impose some substantial ar…
Users are demanding increased data security. As a result, security is rapidly becoming a first-order design constraint in next generation computing systems. Researchers and practitioners are exploring various security technologies to meet user demand such as trusted execution environments (e.g., Intel SGX, ARM TrustZone), homomorphic encryption, and differential privacy. Each technique provides some degree of security, but differs with respect to threat coverage, performance overheads, as well as implementation and deployment challenges. In this paper, we present a systemization of knowledge (…
This article presents an asynchronous FPGA architecture for implementing cryptographic algorithms secured against physical cryptanalysis. We discuss the suitability of asynchronous reconfigurable architectures for such applications before proceeding to model the side channel and defining our objectives. The logic block architecture is presented in detail. We discuss several solutions for the interconnect architecture, and how these solutions can be ported to other flavours of interconnect (i.e. single driver). Next We discuss in detail a high speed asynchronous configuration chain architecture…
