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arXiv 2006.05533cond-mat.mes-hall
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石墨烯粘性霍尔流体的光学$N$不变量

Optical $N$-invariant of graphene's viscous Hall fluid

Todd Van Mechelen, Zubin Jacob

摘要:

在过去的三十年里,石墨烯已经成为发现拓扑物质独特相的原型平台。陈式绝缘体$C\in\mathbb{Z}$和量子自旋霍尔绝缘体$ν\in\mathbb{Z}_2$都是在石墨烯中首次预测的,这导致了拓扑材料研究的真正爆炸。本文介绍了二维物质的一种新的拓扑分类--光学$N$相$N\in\mathbb{Z}$。$C$和$ν$相分别与电荷和自旋输运有关,而$N$ -相与极化输运有关。在所有这三种情况下,电荷/自旋/极化量子的传输在本体中被禁止,但在边缘上被允许。一个根本的区别是,$N$不变定义的动态电磁波在所有松原频率和波矢量。我们发现,这个拓扑量子数被捕获的磁化率张量$χ(ω,\mathbf{q})$的时空色散。我们还证明了$N\neq 0$在石墨烯的粘性霍尔流体中是非平凡的,其潜在的物理机制是霍尔粘度$η_H$。在非平凡的阶段,我们发现了一个深亚波长现象,让人想起迈斯纳效应:在一个特别大的光子动量$q=D_H^{-1}$定义的霍尔扩散长度$D_H$,磁场完全从粘性霍尔流体。我们提出了一种新的拓扑物质探针,倏逝磁光克尔效应(e-MOKE)光谱,以解开这个新的光学$N$不变和验证磁场驱逐。我们的工作表明,霍尔粘度的石墨烯是第一个候选材料的拓扑电磁相的物质。

英文摘要:

Over the past three decades, graphene has become the prototypical platform for discovering unique phases of topological matter. Both the Chern insulator $C\in\mathbb{Z}$ and the quantum spin Hall insulator $ν\in\mathbb{Z}_2$ were first predicted in graphene, which led to a veritable explosion of research in topological materials. Here, we introduce a new topological classification of two-dimensional matter -- the optical $N$-phases $N\in\mathbb{Z}$. The $C$ and $ν$ phases are related to charge and spin transport respectively, whereas the $N$-phases are connected to polarization transport. In all three cases, transportation of charge/spin/polarization quanta is forbidden in the bulk but permitted on the edge. One fundamental difference is that the $N$-invariant is defined for dynamical electromagnetic waves over all Matsubara frequencies and wavevectors. We show this topological quantum number is captured solely by the spatiotemporal dispersion of the susceptibility tensor $χ(ω,\mathbf{q})$. We also prove $N\neq 0$ is nontrivial in graphene's viscous Hall fluid with the underlying physical mechanism being Hall viscosity $η_H$. In the nontrivial phase, we discover a deep sub-wavelength phenomenon reminiscent of the Meissner effect: at a particularly large photon momentum $q=D_H^{-1}$ defined by the Hall diffusion length $D_H$, the magnetic field is completely expelled from the viscous Hall fluid. We propose a new probe of topological matter, evanescent magneto-optic Kerr effect (e-MOKE) spectroscopy, to unravel this novel optical $N$-invariant and verify the magnetic field expulsion. Our work indicates that graphene with Hall viscosity is the first candidate material for a topological electromagnetic phase of matter.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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