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arXiv 2005.14032astro-ph.EP
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碎片形状在小行星作为引力聚集体模拟中的作用

The role of fragment shapes in the simulations of asteroids as gravitational aggregates

Fabio Ferrari, Paolo Tanga

摘要:

远程测量和现场观测证实了这样一种想法,即大小达数百米的小行星可能是碎石堆。这些物体的动力学可以使用引力聚集的N体模拟来研究。我们调查的N体模拟引力聚集粒子形状的作用。我们研究了接触相互作用机制和参数的影响,如表面摩擦,颗粒的尺寸分布和数量的集料。本文讨论了无旋转、无外力作用下碎石桩在自重作用下的整形问题。我们实现了N体引力聚集问题与不规则的,非球形的粒子之间的接触和碰撞。接触相互作用采用软接触方法,考虑了颗粒表面的粘弹性行为。我们进行了数值模拟,比较的行为的球形机构与不规则的角机构。从非平衡态的聚集体开始进行模拟。我们允许粒子通过重塑沉降,直到它们达到平衡态。初步的测试研究,以调查颗粒介质的定量和定性行为。颗粒的形状在碎石堆骨料的沉降过程中起着重要的作用,影响着骨料在平衡状态下的瞬态动力学和整体特性。从长远来看,颗粒形状主导了模拟参数,如表面摩擦,颗粒尺寸分布和聚集体中的颗粒数量。球形粒子不适合于精确地模拟N体聚集模拟的粒子之间的接触相互作用的物理。为了更真实和准确地表示接触相互作用机制,需要不规则颗粒。

英文摘要:

Remote measurements and in-situ observations confirm the idea that asteroids up to few hundreds of meters in size might be rubble piles. The dynamics of these objects can be studied using N-body simulations of gravitational aggregation. We investigate the role of particle shape in N-body simulations of gravitational aggregation. We study contact interaction mechanisms and the effects of parameters such as surface friction, particle size distribution and number of particles in the aggregate. We discuss the case of rubble pile reshaping under its own self-gravity, with no spin and no external force imposed. We implement the N-body gravitational aggregation problem with contact and collisions between particles of irregular, non-spherical shape. Contact interactions are modeled using a soft-contact method, considering the visco-elastic behavior of particles' surface. We perform numerical simulations to compare the behavior of spherical bodies with that of irregular angular bodies. The simulations are performed starting from aggregates in non-equilibrium state. We allow particles to settle through reshaping until they reach an equilibrium state. Preliminary tests are studied to investigate the quantitative and qualitative behavior of the granular media. The shape of particles plays a relevant role in the settling process of the rubble pile aggregate, affecting both transient dynamics and global properties of the aggregate at equilibrium. In the long term, particle shape dominates over simulation parameters such as surface friction, particle size distribution and number of particles in the aggregate. Spherical particles are not suitable to model accurately the physics of contact interactions between particles of N-body aggregation simulations. Irregular particles are required for a more realistic and accurate representation of the contact interaction mechanisms.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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