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arXiv 2005.07953astro-ph.SRphysics.space-ph
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太阳等离子体加热的磁通量抵消观测试验

An Observational Test of Solar Plasma Heating by Magnetic Flux Cancellation

Sung-Hong Park

摘要:

最近的观测表明,磁通量抵消可能在加热太阳的高层大气(色球层,过渡区,日冕)中起着至关重要的作用。在这里,我们打算验证一个分析模型的磁重联和随之而来的日冕加热,由一对相反极性的会聚和抵消磁通量源驱动。在这次试验中,我们分析了在5.2小时的目标间隔内,在平静的太阳网络区域中的一个小尺度通量抵消事件的光球磁场和多波长UV/EUV观测。观测到的抵消事件表现出光球上两个相反极性的磁斑的会聚运动和红移的多普勒速度(向下流动),其中两个极性的磁通量以10 $^{15}$ Mx s $^{-1}$的速率减小。几个脉冲EUV增亮,微分发射测量值峰值在1.6-2.0 MK,也观察到的形状与他们的两个足迹锚定在两个补丁的拱廊。在目标间隔内,磁通抵消区的磁能释放率估计为(0.2-1)$\times$ 10 $^{24}$ erg s $^{-1}$,可以满足以前报道的宁静日冕加热率的要求。最后,短期(几到几十分钟)的变化和长期(几个小时)的趋势,在磁能释放率清楚地显示在估计的辐射能量损失率的电子在2.0 MK以上的温度。所有这些观测结果支持的有效性的等离子体加热在太阳上层大气中的通量抵消的研究重联模型。

英文摘要:

Recent observations suggest that magnetic flux cancellation may play a crucial role in heating the Sun's upper atmosphere (chromosphere, transition region, corona). Here, we intended to validate an analytic model for magnetic reconnection and consequent coronal heating, driven by a pair of converging and cancelling magnetic flux sources of opposite polarities. For this test, we analyzed photospheric magnetic field and multi-wavelength UV/EUV observations of a small-scale flux cancellation event in a quiet-Sun internetwork region over a target interval of 5.2 hr. The observed cancellation event exhibits a converging motion of two opposite-polarity magnetic patches on the photosphere and red-shifted Doppler velocities (downflows) therein consistently over the target interval, with a decrease in magnetic flux of both polarities at a rate of 10$^{15}$ Mx s$^{-1}$. Several impulsive EUV brightenings, with differential emission measure values peaked at 1.6-2.0 MK, are also observed in the shape of arcades with their two footpoints anchored in the two patches. The rate of magnetic energy released as heat at the flux cancellation region is estimated to be in the range of (0.2-1)$\times$10$^{24}$ erg s$^{-1}$ over the target interval, which can satisfy the requirement of previously reported heating rates for the quiet-Sun corona. Finally, both short-term (a few to several tens of minutes) variations and long-term (a few hours) trends in the magnetic energy release rate are clearly shown in the estimated rate of radiative energy loss of electrons at temperatures above 2.0 MK. All these observational findings support the validity of the investigated reconnection model for plasma heating in the upper solar atmosphere by flux cancellation.

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