不同传动技术电动赛车的时间最优控制策略
Time-optimal Control Strategies for Electric Race Cars with Different Transmission Technologies
摘要：
本文提出了模型和优化方法，以快速计算可实现的单圈时间的赛车配备了电池电动动力总成。具体来说，我们首先推导出电动动力系统的准凸模型，包括电池、电机和两种传动技术：单速固定齿轮和无级变速器（CVT）。其次，假设一个专家驱动程序，我们制定了时间最优控制问题，为一个给定的驾驶路径，并解决它使用迭代凸优化算法。最后，我们展示了我们的框架，通过比较单速变速器和CVT在勒芒赛道上的性能。我们的研究结果表明，无级变速器可以平衡其较低的效率和较高的重量与更高的效率和更积极的电机操作，并显着优于固定的单齿轮变速器。
英文摘要：
This paper presents models and optimization methods to rapidly compute the achievable lap time of a race car equipped with a battery electric powertrain. Specifically, we first derive a quasi-convex model of the electric powertrain, including the battery, the electric machine, and two transmission technologies: a single-speed fixed gear and a continuously variable transmission (CVT). Second, assuming an expert driver, we formulate the time-optimal control problem for a given driving path and solve it using an iterative convex optimization algorithm. Finally, we showcase our framework by comparing the performance achievable with a single-speed transmission and a CVT on the Le Mans track. Our results show that a CVT can balance its lower efficiency and higher weight with a higher-efficiency and more aggressive motor operation, and significantly outperform a fixed single-gear transmission.
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