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arXiv 2005.05717astro-ph.GA
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星系中碳丰度的变化及其意义

On the variation of carbon abundance in galaxies and its implications

Donatella Romano, Mariagrazia Franchini, Valeria Grisoni, Emanuele Spitoni, Francesca Matteucci, Carlo Morossi

摘要:

在不同年龄、运动学和金属丰度的恒星中观察到的化学丰度和丰度比的趋势带有几个物理过程的印记,这些物理过程共同塑造了宿主星系的性质。通过观察这些趋势,我们可以获得关于恒星核合成、恒星质量谱、结构形成的时间尺度、恒星形成的效率以及任何向内或向外的气体流动的宝贵信息。在本文中,我们分析了最近确定的碳-铁和碳-氧丰度比在不同的环境(银河系和椭圆星系)使用我们最新的化学演化模型,实现了最新的恒星产量,并依赖于严格的约束所提供的asterosephic恒星年龄(只要可用)。一个场景中,大多数碳是由旋转的大质量恒星,产量在很大程度上取决于母恒星云的金属丰度,使我们能够同时适合高质量的数据,可用于本地银河系的组件(厚和薄光盘)和微透镜矮星在银河系的凸起,以及推断的丰度比大规模椭圆星系。然而,观察家和理论家都需要作出更多的努力,以便将这些结论建立在更坚实的基础上。

英文摘要:

The trends of chemical abundances and abundance ratios observed in stars of different ages, kinematics, and metallicities bear the imprints of several physical processes that concur to shape the host galaxy properties. By inspecting these trends, we get precious information on stellar nucleosynthesis, the stellar mass spectrum, the timescale of structure formation, the efficiency of star formation, as well as any inward or outward flows of gas. In this paper, we analyse recent determinations of carbon-to-iron and carbon-to-oxygen abundance ratios in different environments (the Milky Way and elliptical galaxies) using our latest chemical evolution models that implement up-to-date stellar yields and rely on the tight constraints provided by asteroseismic stellar ages (whenever available). A scenario where most carbon is produced by rotating massive stars, with yields largely dependent on the metallicity of the parent proto-star clouds, allows us to fit simultaneously the high-quality data available for the local Galactic components (thick and thin discs) and for microlensed dwarf stars in the Galactic bulge, as well as the abundance ratios inferred for massive elliptical galaxies. Yet, more efforts are needed from both observers and theoreticians in order to base these conclusions on firmer grounds.

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