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arXiv 2005.02254math.PRmath-phmath.MP
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稀疏Erdens-Rényi图的极端特征值的涨落

Fluctuations of extreme eigenvalues of sparse Erdős-Rényi graphs

Yukun He, Antti Knowles

摘要:

考虑一类稀疏随机矩阵,它包含Erdens-Rényi图$\mathcal{G}(N,p)$的邻接矩阵.我们证明,如果$N^{\varepsilon} \leq Np \leq N^{1/3-\varepsilon}$,那么所有非平凡的特征值远离0有渐近高斯波动。这些波动是由一个单一的随机变量,它具有解释的全次数的图形。这将[19]关于极值特征值波动的结果从$Np \geq N^{2/9 + \varepsilon}$向下扩展到最佳尺度$Np \geq N^{\varepsilon}$。我们证明的主要技术成就是对极值特征值的精确度$N^{-1/2-\varepsilon} \, (Np)^{-1/2}$的刚性界,它避免了文献[9,19,24]中的$(Np)^{-1}$ -展开式.我们的结果是最后一个缺失的部分,添加到[8,12,19,24]中,完整描述了$Np \geq N^{\varepsilon}$的稀疏随机矩阵的特征值波动。

英文摘要:

We consider a class of sparse random matrices which includes the adjacency matrix of the Erdős-Rényi graph $\mathcal{G}(N,p)$. We show that if $N^{\varepsilon} \leq Np \leq N^{1/3-\varepsilon}$ then all nontrivial eigenvalues away from 0 have asymptotically Gaussian fluctuations. These fluctuations are governed by a single random variable, which has the interpretation of the total degree of the graph. This extends the result [19] on the fluctuations of the extreme eigenvalues from $Np \geq N^{2/9 + \varepsilon}$ down to the optimal scale $Np \geq N^{\varepsilon}$. The main technical achievement of our proof is a rigidity bound of accuracy $N^{-1/2-\varepsilon} \, (Np)^{-1/2}$ for the extreme eigenvalues, which avoids the $(Np)^{-1}$-expansions from [9,19,24]. Our result is the last missing piece, added to [8, 12, 19, 24], of a complete description of the eigenvalue fluctuations of sparse random matrices for $Np \geq N^{\varepsilon}$.

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