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arXiv 2004.14389astro-ph.GA
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具有原始双星的星团的原始质量分离

Primordial mass segregation of star clusters with primordial binaries

Václav Pavlík

摘要:

对年轻恒星形成区的观测表明,星团在诞生时是完全质量分离的。然而,随着星团的动态演化,这些初始条件逐渐消失。对于只有单个恒星的星团和一个典型的初始质量函数,有人建议,这些初始条件的痕迹消失在3和$3.5\,t_\mathrm{rh}$(初始半质量弛豫时间)之间的时间$τ_\mathrm{v}$。由于一个显着的比例的恒星被观察到的双星系统,它被广泛接受,大多数恒星诞生于双星系统,我们的目标是调查什么样的作用,一个原始的二进制人口(甚至高达$100\,\%$二进制)在年轻星团的原始质量分离的损失。我们使用数值$N$体模型的大小相似的猎户座星云团(ONC)-一个年轻的疏散星团的代表-集成了几个弛豫时间,得出结论,其质量分离的演变。我们还将我们的模型与观察到的ONC进行了比较。我们发现,$τ_\mathrm{v}$依赖于双星的分数和分布的初始二进制参数,包括半长轴,偏心率和质量比。例如,在具有$50\,\%$二进制的模型中,我们发现$τ_\mathrm{v} = (2.7 \pm 0.8)\,t_\mathrm{rh}$,而对于$100\,\%$二进制分数,我们发现较低值$τ_\mathrm{v} = (2.1 \pm 0.6)\,t_\mathrm{rh}$。我们还得出结论,最初完全大规模隔离的集群,即使与二进制文件,是更兼容的,与当今的ONC比非隔离的。

英文摘要:

Observations of young star-forming regions suggest that star clusters are born completely mass segregated. These initial conditions are, however, gradually lost as the star cluster evolves dynamically. For star clusters with single stars only and a canonical initial mass function, it has been suggested that traces of these initial conditions vanish at a time $τ_\mathrm{v}$ between 3 and $3.5\,t_\mathrm{rh}$ (initial half-mass relaxation times). Since a significant fraction of stars are observed in binary systems and it is widely accepted that most stars are born in binary systems, we aim to investigate what role a primordial binary population (even up to $100\,\%$ binaries) plays in the loss of primordial mass segregation of young star clusters. We used numerical $N$-body models similar in size to the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC) -- a representative of young open clusters -- integrated over several relaxation times to draw conclusions on the evolution of its mass segregation. We also compared our models to the observed ONC. We found that $τ_\mathrm{v}$ depends on the binary star fraction and the distribution of initial binary parameters that include a semi-major axis, eccentricity, and mass ratio. For instance, in the models with $50\,\%$ binaries, we find $τ_\mathrm{v} = (2.7 \pm 0.8)\,t_\mathrm{rh}$, while for $100\,\%$ binary fraction, we find a lower value $τ_\mathrm{v} = (2.1 \pm 0.6)\,t_\mathrm{rh}$. We also conclude that the initially completely mass segregated clusters, even with binaries, are more compatible with the present-day ONC than the non-segregated ones.

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