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arXiv 2004.11289cond-mat.stat-mech
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四维和五维渗流的临界指数和泛过剩簇数

Critical exponents and universal excess cluster number of percolation in four and five dimensions

Zhongjin Zhang, Pengcheng Hou, Sheng Fang, Hao Hu, Youjin Deng

摘要:

本文用Monte Carlo模拟方法研究了周期性四维和五维超立方体上的临界键渗流。通过将被占据的键分为分支、结点和非桥,我们使用广度优先搜索算法构建了整体、无叶和无桥簇。从这些团簇的几何性质出发,我们确定了一组四个临界指数,包括热指数$y_{\rm t} \equiv 1/ν$,分形维数$d_{\rm f}$,主干指数$d_{\rm B}$和最短路径指数$d_{\rm min}$。我们还获得了估计的多余的集群数$b$,这是一个普遍的数量有关的有限大小缩放的集群总数。4D的结果为$y_{\rm t} = 1.461(5)$、$d_{\rm f} = 3.044 \, 6(7)$、$d_{\rm B} = 1.984\,4(11)$、$d_{\rm min} = 1.604 \, 2(5)$、$b = 0.62(1)$; 5D的结果为$y_{\rm t} = 1.743(10)$、$d_{\rm f} = 3.526\,0(14)$、$d_{\rm B} = 2.022\,6(27)$、$d_{\rm min} = 1.813\, 7(16)$、$b = 0.62(2)$。临界指数的值与现有的估计是兼容的或改进的,而多余的簇数$b$的值以前没有报道过。与其他空间维度$d$中的现有值一起,获得了临界指数的$d$依赖行为,并且在$d \approx 5$附近观察到$d_{\rm B}$的局部最大值。据建议,正如预期的那样,临界渗流集群变得越来越树枝状的$d$增加。

英文摘要:

We study critical bond percolation on periodic four-dimensional (4D) and five-dimensional (5D) hypercubes by Monte Carlo simulations. By classifying the occupied bonds into branches, junctions and non-bridges, we construct the whole, the leaf-free and the bridge-free clusters using the breadth-first-search algorithm. From the geometric properties of these clusters, we determine a set of four critical exponents, including the thermal exponent $y_{\rm t} \equiv 1/ν$, the fractal dimension $d_{\rm f}$, the backbone exponent $d_{\rm B}$ and the shortest-path exponent $d_{\rm min}$. We also obtain an estimate of the excess cluster number $b$ which is a universal quantity related to the finite-size scaling of the total number of clusters. The results are $y_{\rm t} = 1.461(5)$, $d_{\rm f} = 3.044 \, 6(7)$, $d_{\rm B} = 1.984\,4(11)$, $d_{\rm min} = 1.604 \, 2(5)$, $b = 0.62(1)$ for 4D; and $y_{\rm t} = 1.743(10)$, $d_{\rm f} = 3.526\,0(14)$, $d_{\rm B} = 2.022\,6(27)$, $d_{\rm min} = 1.813\, 7(16)$, $b = 0.62(2)$ for 5D. The values of the critical exponents are compatible with or improving over the existing estimates, and those of the excess cluster number $b$ have not been reported before. Together with the existing values in other spatial dimensions $d$, the $d$-dependent behavior of the critical exponents is obtained, and a local maximum of $d_{\rm B}$ is observed near $d \approx 5$. It is suggested that, as expected, critical percolation clusters become more and more dendritic as $d$ increases.

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