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arXiv 2004.11098stat.MLcs.LG
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动力系统的核双样本检验

A Kernel Two-sample Test for Dynamical Systems

RWTH Aachen University(亚琛工业大学);Uppsala University(乌普萨拉大学);FH JOANNEUM(约阿内应用科学大学);Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg(埃尔朗根-纽伦堡弗里德里希-亚历山大大学)

Friedrich Solowjow, Dominik Baumann, Christian Fiedler, Andreas Jocham, Thomas Seel, Sebastian Trimpe

摘要:

评估数据流是否来自相同的分布是各种机器学习问题的核心。这对于由动力系统生成的数据特别相关,因为这种系统对于生物医学,经济或工程系统中的许多现实世界过程是必不可少的。虽然核双样本检验对于比较独立同分布的随机变量是非常有效的,但是对于比较动力系统还没有建立的方法。主要的问题是固有的违反独立性假设。我们提出了一个双样本测试的动力系统,解决三个核心挑战:我们(i)引入一个新的概念,混合捕获自相关的相关度量,(ii)提出了一种有效的方法来估计混合速度纯粹依赖于数据,(iii)将这些集成到建立内核双样本测试。其结果是一种数据驱动的方法,可以直接用于实践,并具有良好的理论保证。在一个例子中的应用程序,从人类行走数据的异常检测,我们表明,该测试是很容易适用的,没有任何人类的专家知识和功能工程。

英文摘要:

Evaluating whether data streams are drawn from the same distribution is at the heart of various machine learning problems. This is particularly relevant for data generated by dynamical systems since such systems are essential for many real-world processes in biomedical, economic, or engineering systems. While kernel two-sample tests are powerful for comparing independent and identically distributed random variables, no established method exists for comparing dynamical systems. The main problem is the inherently violated independence assumption. We propose a two-sample test for dynamical systems by addressing three core challenges: we (i) introduce a novel notion of mixing that captures autocorrelations in a relevant metric, (ii) propose an efficient way to estimate the speed of mixing relying purely on data, and (iii) integrate these into established kernel two-sample tests. The result is a data-driven method that is straightforward to use in practice and comes with sound theoretical guarantees. In an example application to anomaly detection from human walking data, we show that the test is readily applicable without any human expert knowledge and feature engineering.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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