arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2004.10507eess.IVcs.CVcs.LG
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使用胸部X射线图像筛选COVID-19的深度学习

Deep Learning for Screening COVID-19 using Chest X-Ray Images

West Bengal State University(西孟加拉邦立大学);Indian Statistical Institute(印度统计研究所);Jamia Hamdard (Deemed University)(贾米亚哈姆达德大学)

Sanhita Basu, Sushmita Mitra, Nilanjan Saha

摘要:

随着对筛查数百万潜在“新型冠状病毒”或COVID-19病例的需求不断增加,以及由于常用PCR测试中出现高假阴性,因此有必要使用放射图像(如胸部X光)探索COVID-19的替代简单筛查机制。在这种情况下,机器学习(ML)和深度学习(DL)提供了快速,自动化,有效的策略来检测异常并提取改变的肺实质的关键特征,这可能与COVID-19病毒的特定特征有关。然而,可用的COVID-19数据集不足以训练深度神经网络。因此,我们提出了一个新的概念,称为域扩展迁移学习(DETL)。我们在相关的大型胸部X射线数据集上使用DETL和预训练的深度卷积神经网络,该数据集经过调整以在四个类别\textit{viz.} $normal$、$pneumonia$、$other\_disease$和$Covid-19$之间进行分类。进行5倍交叉验证,以评估使用胸部X光诊断COVID-19的可行性。初步结果显示出希望,有可能在更大和更多样化的数据集上复制。总体准确度测量为$90.13\% \pm 0.14$。为了了解COVID-19检测透明度,我们采用了梯度类激活图(Grad-CAM)的概念来检测模型在分类过程中更加关注的区域。经专家验证,这与临床结果密切相关。

英文摘要:

With the ever increasing demand for screening millions of prospective "novel coronavirus" or COVID-19 cases, and due to the emergence of high false negatives in the commonly used PCR tests, the necessity for probing an alternative simple screening mechanism of COVID-19 using radiological images (like chest X-Rays) assumes importance. In this scenario, machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) offer fast, automated, effective strategies to detect abnormalities and extract key features of the altered lung parenchyma, which may be related to specific signatures of the COVID-19 virus. However, the available COVID-19 datasets are inadequate to train deep neural networks. Therefore, we propose a new concept called domain extension transfer learning (DETL). We employ DETL, with pre-trained deep convolutional neural network, on a related large chest X-Ray dataset that is tuned for classifying between four classes \textit{viz.} $normal$, $pneumonia$, $other\_disease$, and $Covid-19$. A 5-fold cross validation is performed to estimate the feasibility of using chest X-Rays to diagnose COVID-19. The initial results show promise, with the possibility of replication on bigger and more diverse data sets. The overall accuracy was measured as $90.13\% \pm 0.14$. In order to get an idea about the COVID-19 detection transparency, we employed the concept of Gradient Class Activation Map (Grad-CAM) for detecting the regions where the model paid more attention during the classification. This was found to strongly correlate with clinical findings, as validated by experts.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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