arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2004.08707cond-mat.mtrl-scicond-mat.soft
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将断裂视为拓扑缺陷的脆性和韧性失效之间的可能联系

A possible link between brittle and ductile failure by viewing fracture as a topological defect

Amit Acharya

摘要:

一个连续模型的断裂,描述,在原则上,传播和相互作用的任意分布的裂纹和空隙不断发展的拓扑结构,没有断裂准则。它涉及到裂纹尖端的“运动定律”,主要是作为与热力学相结合的运动学结果。基本运动学赋予裂纹尖端拓扑电荷。这使得协会的运动学守恒定律的电荷,导致在一个基本的演化方程的裂纹尖端场,并反过来裂纹场。矢量裂纹场以物理上合理的各向异性方式降低弹性模量。该守恒定律的数学结构允许在裂纹场的演化中添加标量场的“自由”梯度。我们将这种自然出现的标量场与韧性破坏建模中出现的孔隙度相关联。因此,孔隙率梯度影响裂纹场的演化,然后自然地降低弹性模量,并且正是通过这种基本机制,孔隙率增长中的空间梯度影响材料的应变-能量密度和应力承载能力,并且作为与基本运动学相关的尺寸结果,在模型中引入长度尺度。本工作的关键假设是,脆性断裂是能量驱动的,而韧性断裂是应力驱动的,在总的剪切载荷下,平均应力为零或压缩,剪切应变能仍然可以驱动剪切断裂韧性材料。

英文摘要:

A continuum model of fracture that describes, in principle, the propagation and interaction of arbitrary distributions of cracks and voids with evolving topology without a fracture criterion is developed. It involves a 'law of motion' for crack-tips, primarily as a kinematical consequence coupled with thermodynamics. Fundamental kinematics endows the crack-tip with a topological charge. This allows the association of a kinematical conservation law for the charge, resulting in a fundamental evolution equation for the crack-tip field, and in turn the crack field. The vectorial crack field degrades the elastic modulus in a physically justified anisotropic manner. The mathematical structure of this conservation law allows an additive 'free' gradient of a scalar field in the evolution of the crack field. We associate this naturally emerging scalar field with the porosity that arises in the modeling of ductile failure. Thus, porosity-rate gradients affect the evolution of the crack-field which, then, naturally degrades the elastic modulus, and it is through this fundamental mechanism that spatial gradients in porosity growth affects the strain-energy density and stress carrying capacity of the material - and, as a dimensional consequence related to fundamental kinematics, introduces a length-scale in the model. The key hypothesis of this work is that brittle fracture is energy-driven while ductile fracture is stress-driven; under overall shear loadings where mean stress vanishes or is compressive, shear strain energy can still drive shear fracture in ductile materials.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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