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arXiv 2004.07451quant-ph
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用无创弱测量观测“量子柴郡猫”效应

Observing the "quantum Cheshire cat" effect with noninvasive weak measurement

Yosep Kim, Dong-Gil Im, Yong-Su Kim, Sang-Wook Han, Sung Moon, Yoon-Ho Kim, Young-Wook Cho

摘要:

自然界的一个常见概念,通常来自经典系统的经验,是物质的属性与物质共存。然而,在量子体系中,量子粒子本身及其物理性质可能处于空间分离状态,称为量子柴郡猫效应。虽然迄今为止已经有几个关于量子柴郡猫效应的观测报告,但所有这些实验都是基于一阶干涉测量和破坏性投影测量,因此由于测量引起的干扰而允许简单的解释,并且也受到基于经典波的琐碎解释。在这项工作中,我们报告了一个真正的实验观察的量子柴郡猫效应与非侵入性弱量子测量,最初提出的。弱测量探针的使用使我们能够在量子干涉仪中确定单光子的位置和非实体偏振态的位置。我们进一步阐明了量子柴郡猫效应的佯谬,即由测量结果或弱值直接得到的光子和偏振态跃迁振幅的量子干涉。

英文摘要:

One of the common conceptions of nature, typically derived from the experiences with classical systems, is that attributes of the matter coexist with the substance. In the quantum regime, however, the quantum particle itself and its physical property may be in spatial separation, known as the quantum Cheshire cat effect. While there have been several reports to date on the observation of the quantum Cheshire cat effect, all such experiments are based on first-order interferometry and destructive projection measurement, thus allowing simple interpretation due to measurement-induced disturbance and also subject to trivial interpretation based on classical waves. In this work, we report a genuine experimental observation of the quantum Cheshire cat effect with noninvasive weak quantum measurement as originally proposed. The use of the weak-measurement probe has allowed us to identify the location of the single-photon and that of the disembodied polarization state in a quantum interferometer. We furthermore elucidate the paradox of the quantum Cheshire cat effect as quantum interference of the transition amplitudes for the photon and the polarization state which are directly obtained from the measurement outcomes or the weak values.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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