We analyze the proposal of Aharonov, Popescu, Rohrlich and Skrzypczyk [New. J. Phys. 15, 113015] of disembodying physical properties from particles. We argue that a different criterion, based on the cross-average $\langle \mathrm{`}cat\ somewhere \mbox{'}\times \mathrm{`}grin\ somewhere\ else\mbox{'}\rangle$ should be used to detect the disembodiment, rather than the local averages $\langle \mathrm{`}cat\ somewhere \mbox{'}\rangle$ and $\langle\mathrm{`}grin\ somewhere\ else\mbox{'}\rangle$. Here, the exact probability distribution and its characteristic function are derived for arbitrary coupling strength, preparation and post-selection. This allows to successfully hunt down the quantum Cheshire cat, showing that it is a consequence of interference, that it is present also for intermediate-strength measurements, and that it is a rather common occurrence in post-selected measurements.
薛定谔的猫是由埃尔温·薛定谔提出的,这是一个臭名昭著的思想实验,在这个实验中,一只猫在盒子里同时活着和死了,说明了一种被称为叠加的量子现象。2013年,Yakir Aharonov和他的合作者设想了一个实验,表明粒子可以与其属性分离。他们称这种效应为“量子柴郡猫”,并在随后的一年里得到了实验验证。量子柴郡猫这个名字的灵感来自于刘易斯·卡罗尔写的小说《\textit{Alice's Adventures in Wonderland"}》中柴郡猫的一个奇特的角色,在这本小说中,猫的笑容是在没有猫的情况下发现的。一旦柴郡猫的咧嘴笑被分离,咧嘴笑和猫之间还有什么联系吗?为了回答这个问题,我们提出了一个思想实验,在这个实验中,量子柴郡猫也是一只薛定谔猫,存在于快乐(微笑)和悲伤(皱眉)状态的叠加中。我们将这只猫命名为“量子蒙娜丽莎猫”,因为历史上人们认为蒙娜丽莎的肖像包含了快乐(微笑)和悲伤(皱眉)的特征,并且根据观察者的情绪来观察。我们证明了与粒子分离的性质表现为“量子蒙娜丽莎猫”。
Hunting for quantum advantage in electronic structure calculations is a highly non-trivial task
Wigner Research Centre for Physics(维格纳物理研究中心);Dynaflex LTD(Dynaflex有限公司);Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University of Munich(慕尼黑工业大学高等研究院);Parmenides Stiftung(巴门尼德斯基金会);Eötvös Loránd University(罗兰大学);Pacific Northwest National Laboratory(太平洋西北国家实验室);University of Washington(华盛顿大学);Max-Planck Institut für Kohlenforschung(马克斯·普朗克煤炭研究所);SandboxAQ;NVIDIA(英伟达)