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arXiv 2004.06268physics.app-phcond-mat.mes-hall
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高速低功耗自旋轨道力矩磁随机存储器的材料要求

Materials Requirements of High-Speed and Low-Power Spin-Orbit-Torque Magnetic Random-Access Memory

Xiang Li, Shy-Jay Lin, Mahendra DC, Yu-Ching Liao, Chengyang Yao, Azad Naeemi, Wilman Tsai, Shan X. Wang

摘要:

随着自旋轨道力矩磁性随机存取存储器(SOT-MRAM)作为下一代低功耗、高速片上高速缓存存储器的广泛应用,分析其与CMOS存取晶体管集成时实现亚ns和~fJ写入操作所需的磁性隧道结(MTJ)特性变得至关重要。在本文中,一个2 T-1 MTJ单元级建模框架的面内型Y SOT-MRAM表明,高自旋霍尔电导率和适度的SOT材料的方块电阻是首选。我们基准写能量和速度性能的Y型SOT电池的各种SOT材料的基础上,实验报道的文献中,包括重金属,拓扑绝缘体和半金属。然后,我们进行了详细的SOT材料Pt,β-W,BixSe(1-x)与不同的厚度和电阻率的基准。我们进一步讨论了如何扩展我们的2 T-1 MTJ模型来分析SOT-MRAM的其他变体,包括垂直(Z型)和X型SOT-MRAM,双端SOT-MRAM,以及自旋转移矩(STT)和电压控制磁各向异性(VCMA)辅助的SOT-MRAM。这一工作将为SOT-MRAM材料、器件和电路的研究提供重要的指导。

英文摘要:

As spin-orbit-torque magnetic random-access memory (SOT-MRAM) is gathering great interest as the next-generation low-power and high-speed on-chip cache memory applications, it is critical to analyze the magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) properties needed to achieve sub-ns, and ~fJ write operation when integrated with CMOS access transistors. In this paper, a 2T-1MTJ cell-level modeling framework for in-plane type Y SOT-MRAM suggests that high spin Hall conductivity and moderate SOT material sheet resistance are preferred. We benchmark write energy and speed performances of type Y SOT cells based on various SOT materials experimentally reported in the literature, including heavy metals, topological insulators and semimetals. We then carry out detailed benchmarking of SOT material Pt, beta-W, and BixSe(1-x) with different thickness and resistivity. We further discuss how our 2T-1MTJ model can be expanded to analyze other variations of SOT-MRAM, including perpendicular (type Z) and type X SOT-MRAM, two-terminal SOT-MRAM, as well as spin-transfer-torque (STT) and voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy (VCMA)-assisted SOT-MRAM. This work will provide essential guidelines for SOT-MRAM materials, devices, and circuits research in the future.

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