arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2004.03736cs.RO
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机器人规划与控制的混合凸优化学习策略

Learning Mixed-Integer Convex Optimization Strategies for Robot Planning and Control

Stanford University(斯坦福大学);Princeton University(普林斯顿大学);MIT(麻省理工学院)

A. Cauligi, P. Culbertson, B. Stellato, D. Bertsimas, M. Schwager, M. Pavone

摘要:

与25年前相比,混合整数凸规划(MICP)的算法和硬件都有了显著的改进,求解时间加快了几个数量级。尽管取得了这些进展,但MICP很少应用于现实世界的机器人控制,因为解决方案的时间对于在线应用来说仍然太慢。在这项工作中,我们提出了CoCo(Combinatorial Offline,Convex Online)框架,以非常高的速度解决机器人技术中出现的MICP。CoCo将最优解的组合部分编码为策略。使用从离线问题解决方案中收集的数据,我们训练多类分类器来预测给定问题特定参数(如状态或障碍物)的最佳策略。与以前的方法相比,我们使用特定于任务的策略,并修剪冗余的,以显着减少预测器必须选择的类的数量,从而大大提高了可扩展性。给定预测的策略,控制任务就变成了一个小的凸优化问题,我们可以在几毫秒内解决。对带墙壁的车杆系统、自由飞行的空间机器人和面向任务的抓取进行的数值实验表明,与最先进的求解器相比,我们的方法不仅提供了1到2个数量级的加速,而且性能接近全局最优MICP解决方案。

英文摘要:

Mixed-integer convex programming (MICP) has seen significant algorithmic and hardware improvements with several orders of magnitude solve time speedups compared to 25 years ago. Despite these advances, MICP has been rarely applied to real-world robotic control because the solution times are still too slow for online applications. In this work, we present the CoCo (Combinatorial Offline, Convex Online) framework to solve MICPs arising in robotics at very high speed. CoCo encodes the combinatorial part of the optimal solution into a strategy. Using data collected from offline problem solutions, we train a multiclass classifier to predict the optimal strategy given problem-specific parameters such as states or obstacles. Compared to previous approaches, we use task-specific strategies and prune redundant ones to significantly reduce the number of classes the predictor has to select from, thereby greatly improving scalability. Given the predicted strategy, the control task becomes a small convex optimization problem that we can solve in milliseconds. Numerical experiments on a cart-pole system with walls, a free-flying space robot, and task-oriented grasps show that our method provides not only 1 to 2 orders of magnitude speedups compared to state-of-the-art solvers but also performance close to the globally optimal MICP solution.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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