Personas can help raise awareness among stakeholders about users' needs. While personas are made-up people, they are based on facts gathered from user research. Personas can also be used to raise awareness of universal design and accessibility needs of people with disabilities. We review the current state of the art of the personas and review some research and industry projects that use them. We outline techniques that can be used to create personas with disabilities. This includes advice on how to get more information about assistive technology and how to better include people with disabilities in the persona creation process. We also describe our use of personas with disabilities in several projects and discuss how it has helped to find accessibility issues.
There is great promise in creating effective technology experiences during situationally-induced impairments and disabilities through the combination of universal design and adaptive interfaces. We believe this combination is a powerful approach for meeting the UX needs of people with disabilities, including those which are temporary in nature. Research in each of these areas, and the combination, illustrates this promise.
Access to content and services online is increasingly important for everyone, including people with disabilities. National commitments, including the Americans with Disabilities Act, and international resolutions, including the United Nations Declaration of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, call for work to ensure that people with disabilities can participate fully in the online world. Gains in education, employment and health, as well as in civic engagement, social participation, and personal independence will follow from enhanced inclusion online. Research in many areas of computer sc…
Mobile applications and online service providers track our virtual and physical behaviour more actively and with a broader scope than ever before. This has given rise to growing concerns about ethical personal data management. Even though regulation and awareness around data ethics are increasing, end-users are seldom engaged when defining and designing what a future with ethical personal data management should look like. We explore a participatory process that uses design futures, the Future workshop method and design fictions to envision ethical personal data management with end-users and de…
"I see it as a wellspring for my positive and upward journey in life.": Understanding Current Practices of Assistive Technology's Customized Modification in China
Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) allow users to control computer applications by modulating their brain activity. Since BCIs rely solely on brain activity, they have enormous potential as an alternative access method for engaging children with severe disabilities and/or medical complexities in therapeutic recreation and leisure. In particular, one commercially available BCI platform is the Emotiv EPOC headset, which is a portable and affordable electroencephalography (EEG) device. Combined with the EmotivBCI software, the Emotiv system can generate a model to discern between different mental t…
Situational awareness is a critical foundation for the protection of human life/properties and is challenging to maintain for people with disabilities (i.e., visual impairments and limited mobility). In this paper, we present a dialog enabled end-to-end assistive solution called "SafeAccess" to build a safer smart home by providing situational awareness. The key functions of SafeAccess are: - 1) monitoring homes and identifying incoming persons; 2) helping users in assessing incoming threats (e.g., burglary, robbery, gun violence); and, 3) allowing users to grant safe access to homes for frien…
CHArt Laboratory (Human and Artificial Cognitions)（CHArt实验室（人类与人工认知实验室））；University of Paris 8（巴黎第八大学）；CreativiTIC Innova SL（CreativiTIC创新有限公司）
The analysis of the current integration attempts of some modes and use cases of user-machine interaction is presented. The new concept of the user-driven intelligent interface is proposed on the basis of multimodal augmented reality and brain-computer interaction for various applications: in disabilities studies, education, home care, health care, etc. The several use cases of multimodal augmentation are presented. The perspectives of the better human comprehension by the immediate feedback through neurophysical channels by means of brain-computer interaction are outlined. It is shown that bra…
Creating and Evaluating Personas Using Generative AI: A Scoping Review of 81 Articles
University of Vaasa（瓦萨大学）；Aalto University（阿尔托大学）；University of Arizona（亚利桑那大学）；Qatar Computing Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University（卡塔尔计算研究所，哈马德·本·卡西姆大学）
Pennsylvania State University（宾夕法尼亚州立大学）；Ariel University（阿里埃勒大学）；Carnegie Mellon University（卡内基梅隆大学）
Natural language interfaces have become a common part of modern digital life. Chatbots utilize text-based conversations to communicate with users; personal assistants on smartphones such as Google Assistant take direct speech commands from their users; and speech-controlled devices such as Amazon Echo use voice as their only input mode. In this paper, we introduce InstructableCrowd, a crowd-powered system that allows users to program their devices via conversation. The user verbally expresses a problem to the system, in which a group of crowd workers collectively respond and program relevant m…
This work focuses on the context of software explainability, which is the production of software capable of explaining to users the dynamics that govern its internal functioning. User models that include information about their requirements and their perceptions of explainability are fundamental when building software with such capability. This study investigates the process of creating personas that include information about users' explainability perceptions and needs. The proposed approach is based on data collection with questionnaires, modeling of empathy maps, grouping the maps, generatin…
Persona-aware and Explainable Bikeability Assessment: A Vision-Language Model Approach
University of Alabama（阿拉巴马大学）；University of Maryland, College Park（马里兰大学学院公园分校）；Stony Brook University（石溪大学）；University of Florida（佛罗里达大学）；Johns Hopkins University（约翰霍普金斯大学）
