This is the third of a series of articles devoted to the study of relaxed highest weight modules over vertex operator algebras. Relaxed highest weight modules over affine vertex algebras associated to higher rank Lie algebras $A_\ell$ are extensively studied. In particular, the string functions of simple relaxed highest weight modules whose top spaces are simple cuspidal $A_\ell$-modules are shown to be the quotients by a power of the Dedekind eta series of the $q$-characters of simple ordinary modules over affine W-algebras associated with the minimal nilpotent elements of $A_\ell$.
The Bershadsky-Polyakov algebras are the minimal quantum hamiltonian reductions of the affine vertex algebras associated to $\mathfrak{sl}_3$ and their simple quotients have a long history of applications in conformal field theory and string theory. Their representation theories are therefore quite interesting. Here, we classify the simple relaxed highest-weight modules, with finite-dimensional weight spaces, for all admissible but nonintegral levels, significantly generalising the known highest-weight classifications [arxiv:1005.0185, arxiv:1910.13781]. In particular, we prove that the simple…
Relaxed highest-weight modules play a central role in the study of many important vertex operator (super)algebras and their associated (logarithmic) conformal field theories, including the admissible-level affine models. Indeed, their structure and their (super)characters together form the crucial input data for the standard module formalism that describes the modular transformations and Grothendieck fusion rules of such theories. In this article, character formulae are proved for relaxed highest-weight modules over the simple admissible-level affine vertex operator superalgebras associated to…
This is the second of a series of articles devoted to the study of relaxed highest-weight modules over affine vertex algebras and W-algebras. The first studied the simple "rank-$1$" affine vertex superalgebras $L_k(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$ and $L_k(\mathfrak{osp}(1\vert2))$, with the main results including the first complete proofs of certain conjectured character formulae (as well as some entirely new ones). Here, we turn to the question of classifying relaxed highest-weight modules for simple affine vertex algebras of arbitrary rank. The key point is that this can be reduced to the classification o…
We present a realisation of the universal/simple Bershadsky--Polyakov vertex algebras as subalgebras of the tensor product of the universal/simple Zamolodchikov vertex algebras and an isotropic lattice vertex algebra. This generalises the realisation of the universal/simple affine vertex algebras associated to $\mathfrak{sl}_2$ and $\mathfrak{osp}(1|2)$ given in arXiv:1711.11342. Relaxed highest-weight modules are likewise constructed, conditions for their irreducibility are established, and their characters are explicitly computed, generalising the character formulae of arXiv:1803.01989.
The fractional level models are (logarithmic) conformal field theories associated with affine Kac-Moody (super)algebras at certain levels $k \in \mathbb{Q}$. They are particularly noteworthy because of several longstanding difficulties that have only recently been resolved. Here, Wakimoto's free field realisation is combined with the theory of Jack symmetric functions to analyse the fractional level $\widehat{\mathfrak{sl}}(2)$ models. The first main results are explicit formulae for the singular vectors of minimal grade in relaxed Wakimoto modules. These are closely related to the minimal gra…
In [8], the affine vertex algebra $L_k(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$ is realized as a subalgebra of the vertex algebra $Vir_c \otimes Π(0)$, where $Vir_c$ is a simple Virasoro vertex algebra and $Π(0)$ is a half-lattice vertex algebra. Moreover, all $L_k(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$--modules (including, modules in the category $KL_k$, relaxed highest weight modules and logarithmic modules) are realized as $Vir_c \otimes Π(0)$--modules. A natural question is the generalization of this construction in higher rank. In the current paper, we study the case $\mathfrak{g}= \mathfrak{sl}_3$ and present realization of the VO…
We classify the quasi-finite irreducible highest weight modules over the infinite rank Lie superalgebras $\hgltwo$, $\hC$ and $\hD$, and determine the necessary and sufficient conditions for quasi-finite irreducible highest weight modules to be unitarizable with respect to natural $\ast$-structures of the Lie superalgebras. The unitarizable irreducible modules are constructed in terms of Fock spaces of free quantum fields, and explicit formulae for their formal characters are also obtained by investigating Howe dualities between the infinite rank Lie superalgebras and classical Lie groups.
We provide the first formulae for the weights of all simple highest weight modules over Kac-Moody algebras. For generic highest weights, we present a formula for the weights of simple modules similar to the Weyl-Kac character formula. For the remaining highest weights, the formula fails in a striking way, suggesting the existence of 'multiplicity-free' Macdonald identities for affine root systems.
Let K be an algebraically closed field of characteristic p>0 and let Sp(2m) be the symplectic group of rank m over K. The main theorem of this article gives the character of the rational simple Sp(2m)-modules with fundamental highest weight as an explicit alternating sum of characters of Weyl modules. One obtains several formulae for the dimensions of these simple modules, what allows us to investigate the asymptotic behavior of these dimensions, for a given p, when the rank m is growing towards infinity. One also gets the simple Weyl modules with fundamental highest weight, and the article en…
We present the list of irreducible (generalized) highest weight modules over the Virasoro algebra and N=1 super-Virasoro algebras obtained as factor-modules of (generalized) Verma modules. We present also the character formulae of all these modules and single out the unitary irreducible ones. Most formulas are valid for the three algebras under consideration, the different cases being distinguished by two parameters. This is a slightly extended version of an Encyclopedia entry.
For p>3 a prime, and g>2 an integer, we use Topological Quantum Field Theory (TQFT) to study a family of p-1 highest weight modules L_p(lambda) for the symplectic group Sp(2g,K) where K is an algebraically closed field of characteristic p. This permits explicit formulae for the dimension and the formal character of L_p(lambda) for these highest weights.
We construct a (bi)cyclic sieving phenomenon on the union of dominant maximal weights for level $\ell$ highest weight modules over an affine Kac-Moody algebra with exactly one highest weight being taken for each equivalence class, in a way not depending on types, ranks and levels. In order to do that, we introduce $\textbf{\textit{S}}$-evaluation on the set of dominant maximal weights for each highest modules, and generalize Sagan's action by considering the datum on each affine Kac-Moody algebra. As consequences, we obtain closed and recursive formulae for cardinality of the number of dominan…
For an admissible affine vertex algebra $V_k(\mathfrak{g})$ of type $A$, we describe a new family of relaxed highest weight representations of $V_k(\mathfrak{g})$. They are simple quotients of representations of the affine Kac-Moody algebra $\widehat{\mathfrak{g}}$ induced from the following $\mathfrak{g}$-modules: 1) generic Gelfand-Tsetlin modules in the principal nilpotent orbit, in particular all such modules induced from $\mathfrak{sl}_2$; 2) all Gelfand-Tsetlin modules in the principal nilpotent orbit which are induced from $\mathfrak{sl}_3$; 3) all simple Gelfand-Tsetlin modules over $\…
Affine Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials on the subregular cell in non simply-laced Lie algebras: with an application to character formulae (with an appendix by Roman Bezrukavnikov, Vasily Krylov, and Kenta Suzuki)
We introduce a subalgebra $\overline F$ of the Clifford vertex superalgebra ($bc$ system) which is completely reducible as a $L^{Vir} (-2,0)$-module, $C_2$-cofinite, but it is not conformal and it is not isomorphic to the symplectic fermion algebra $\mathcal{SF}(1)$. We show that $\mathcal{SF}(1)$ and $\overline{F}$ are in an interesting duality, since $\overline{F}$ can be equipped with the structure of a $\mathcal{SF}(1)$-module and vice versa. Using the decomposition of $\overline F$ and a free-field realization from arXiv:1711.11342, we decompose $L_k(\mathfrak{osp}(1\vert 2))$ at the crit…
