Space Telescope and Optical Reverberation Mapping Project. IX. Velocity-Delay Maps for Broad Emission Lines in NGC 5548
Keith Horne, G. De Rosa, B. M. Peterson, A. J. Barth, J. Ely, M. M. Fausnaugh, G. A. Kriss, L. Pei, S. M. Adams, M. D. Anderson, P. Arevalo, T G. Beatty, V. N. … 展开作者
Keith Horne, G. De Rosa, B. M. Peterson, A. J. Barth, J. Ely, M. M. Fausnaugh, G. A. Kriss, L. Pei, S. M. Adams, M. D. Anderson, P. Arevalo, T G. Beatty, V. N. Bennert, M. C. Bentz, A. Bigley, S. Bisogni, G. A. Borman, T. A. Boroson, M. C. Bottorff, W. N. Brandt, A. A. Breeveld, M. Brotherton, J. E. Brown, J. S. Brown, E. M. Cackett, G. Canalizo, M. T. Carini, K. I. Clubb, J. M. Comerford, E. M. Corsini, D. M. Crenshaw, S. Croft, K. V. Croxall, E. Dalla Bonta, A. J. Deason, M. Dehghanian, A. De Lorenzo-Caceres, K. D. Denney, M. Dietrich, C. Done, R. Edelson, N. V. Efimova, M. Eracleous, P. A. Evans, G. J. Ferland, A. V. Filippenko, K. Flatland, O. D. Fox, E. Gardner, E. L. Gates, N. Gehrels, S. Geier, J. M. Gelbord, M. R. Goad, L. Gonzalez, V. Gorjian, J. E. Greene, C. J. Grier, D. Grupe, A. Gupta, P. B. Hall, C. B. Henderson, S. Hicks, E. Holmbeck, T. W. -S. Holoien, T. Hutchison, M. Im, J. J. Jensen, C. A. Johnson, M. D. Joner, J. Jones, J. Kaastra, S. Kaspi, P. L. Kelly, J. A. Kennea, M. Kim, S. Kim, S. C. Kim, A. King, S. A. Klimanov, C. S. Kochanek, K. T. Korista, Y. Krongold, M. W. Lau, J. C. Lee, D. C. Leonard, Miao Li, P. Lira, C. Lochhaas, Zhiyuan Ma, F. MacInnis, M. A. Malkan, E. R. Manne-Nicholas, S. Mathur, J. C. Mauerhan, R. McGurk, I. M. Mc Hardy, C. Montuori, L. Morelli, A. Mosquera, D. Mudd, F. Mueller-Sanchez, S. V. Nazarov, H. Netzer, R. P. Norris, J. A. Nousek, M. L. Nguyen, P. Ochner, D. N. Okhmat, A. Pancoast, I. Papadakis, J. R. Parks, M. T. Penny, A. Pizzella, R. W. Pogge, R. Poleski, J. -U. Pott, D. Proga, S. E. Rafter, H. -W. Rix, J. Runnoe, D. A. Saylor, J. S. Schimoia, K. Schnuelle, B. Scott, S. G. Sergeev, B. J. Shappee, I. Shivvers, M. Siegel, G. V. Simonian, A. Siviero, A. Skielboe, G. Somers, M. Spencer, D. Starkey, D. J. Stevens, M. A. Strauss, H. -I. Sung, J. Tayar, K. G. Teems, N. Tejos, T. Treu, C. S. Turner, P. Uttley, J . Van Saders, M. Vestergaard, L. Vican, S. Villanueva, C. Villforth, Y. Weiss, J. -H. Woo, H. Yan, S. Young, H. Yuk, N. L. Zakamska, W. Zheng, W. Zhu, Y. Zu
We report velocity-delay maps for prominent broad emission lines, Ly_alpha, CIV, HeII and H_beta, in the spectrum of NGC5548. The emission-line responses inhabit the interior of a virial envelope. The velocity-delay maps reveal stratified ionization structure. The HeII response inside 5-10 light-days has a broad single-peaked velocity profile. The Ly_alpha, CIV, and H_beta responses peak inside 10 light-days, extend outside 20 light-days, and exhibit a velocity profile with two peaks separated by 5000 km/s in the 10 to 20 light-day delay range. The velocity-delay maps show that the M-shaped lag vs velocity structure found in previous cross-correlation analysis is the signature of a Keplerian disk with a well-defined outer edge at R=20 light-days. The outer wings of the M arise from the virial envelope, and the U-shaped interior of the M is the lower half of an ellipse in the velocity-delay plane. The far-side response is weaker than that from the near side, so that we see clearly the lower half, but only faintly the upper half, of the velocity--delay ellipse. The delay tau=(R/c)(1-sin(i))=5 light-days at line center is from the near edge of the inclined ring, giving the inclination i=45 deg. A black hole mass of M=7x10^7 Msun is consistent with the velocity-delay structure. A barber-pole pattern with stripes moving from red to blue across the CIV and possibly Ly_alpha line profiles suggests the presence of azimuthal structure rotating around the far side of the broad-line region and may be the signature of precession or orbital motion of structures in the inner disk. Further HST observations of NGC 5548 over a multi-year timespan but with a cadence of perhaps 10 days rather than 1 day could help to clarify the nature of this new AGN phenomenon.
Reverberation Mapping of the Seyfert 1 Galaxy NGC 7469
对塞弗特1号星系NGC 7469进行的一项大型混响映射研究得出了β 4861和He II 4686的发射线滞后,以及大约1000万太阳质量的中心黑洞质量测量结果,与以前的测量结果一致。在监测活动期间,非常低的可变性使我们无法实现从数据中恢复速度延迟图的最初目标,但随着新的Hbeta测量,NGC 7469不再是发射Hbeta的宽线区域的大小与AGN光度之间关系的异常值。有必要降低连续谱和Hbeta和He II 4686线光变曲线以及不同时间序列分析方法的存档UV数据的趋势,以获得一致的结果。
Monitoring AGNs with Hβ Asymmetry. II. Reverberation Mapping of Three Seyfert Galaxies Historically Displaying Hβ Profiles with Changing Asymmetry: Mrk 79, NGC 3227, and Mrk 841
Velocity-resolved Reverberation Mapping of Changing-look Active Galactic Nucleus NGC~4151 During Outburst Stage: Evidence for Kinematics Evolution of Broad-line Region
Validating the ICCF-Cut Method with Simultaneous Photometric and Spectroscopic H$α$ Reverberation Mapping of NGC 4151 and UGC 3374
Peking University(北京大学);Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University(北京大学科维理天文与天体物理研究所);Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院云南天文台);Key Laboratory for the Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院天体结构与演化重点实验室);Center for Astronomical Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院国家天文台);Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院射电天文与技术重点实验室)
Consistency between X-ray and UV-Optical reverberation measurements in NGC 5548
Center for Theoretical Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences(波兰科学院理论物理中心);Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences(捷克科学院天文研究所);Cahill Center for Astronomy & Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院卡希尔天体物理学与天文学中心);Department of Physics and Institute of Theoretical and Computational Physics, University of Crete(克里特大学物理系与理论与计算物理研究所);Institute of Astrophysics, FORTH(FORTH天体物理研究所)
The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Reverberation Mapping Project: H$α$ and H$β$ Reverberation Measurements From First-year Spectroscopy and Photometry
我们目前的混响映射结果从斯隆数字巡天混响映射项目的第一年的光谱和光度观测相结合。我们成功地恢复了共44个类星体的$g+i$带发射和宽H $β$发射线之间的混响时间延迟,以及18个类星体的宽H $α$发射线。使用JAVELIN和CREAM软件和传统的内插互相关联函数(ICCF)计算时间延迟:使用定义明确的标准,我们报告了用JAVELIN测量32 H $β$和13 H $α$滞后,用CREAM测量42 H $β$和17 H $α$滞后,以及用ICCF测量16 H $β$和8 H $α$滞后.三种方法之间的滞后值通常是一致的,尽管我们通常使用JAVELIN和CREAM测量的不确定性比ICCF小,因为前两种方法具有更强的物理动机光曲线插值和更强大的统计建模。我们的H $β$探测到的类星体样本的红移中值为0.53,明显高于以前的混响映射样本。我们发现,在大多数对象中,H $α$发射的时间延迟是一致的或略长于H $β$。我们测量黑洞质量使用我们测量的时间延迟和线宽为这些类星体。这些黑洞质量的测量大多与基于局部M-sigma关系的预期一致,并且也与单历元黑洞质量测量一致。这项工作将混响映射活动星系的当前样本大小增加了约三分之二,并代表了本地宇宙(z < 0.3)以外的混响映射观测的第一个大样本。
Detection of unexpected leading delays in broad Hβ line reverberations in the quasar PHL 1092
Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院高能物理研究所);University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院大学);National Astronomical Observatories of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院国家天文台);Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院空间应用工程与技术中心);Nanjing University(南京大学);University of Wyoming(怀俄明大学);Yunnan Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院云南天文台);Anyang Normal University(安阳师范学院);Centro Astronomico Hispano Alemán(德西天体观测中心);Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucía(安达卢西亚天体物理学研究所)
Multi-Wavelength Monitoring and Reverberation Mapping of a Changing Look Event in the Seyfert Galaxy NGC 3516
我们介绍了2018年至2020年进行的AGN NGC 3516的光度和光谱监测活动的结果,涵盖了从X射线到光学的波长范围。这些设施包括CMO SAI MSU的望远镜,2.3米WIRO望远镜以及Swift的XRT和UVOT。我们发现NGC 3516在2020年春末变得明亮,可以归类为Sy1.5。我们已经测量了Balmer和He II 4686线对连续变化的响应中的时间延迟。在最佳表征的宽H-β谱线的情况下,蓝翼的连续变率延迟约为17天,而红翼明显更短,为9天,这表明流入。随着宽谱线的增强,蓝边开始主导巴耳末谱线,导致在这种高状态下具有蓝移峰的非常不对称的轮廓。在爆发期间,X射线通量在2020年4月1日达到最大值,这是雨燕天文台观测到的NGC 3516的最高值。X射线硬光子指数变得更软,2020年4月21日最大值约为1.8,而2020年之前的早期时期平均值约为0.7。我们发现,直到2020年4月初,紫外线和光学变化与X射线的相关性很好(有1 - 2天的小时间延迟),但后来,直到2020年6月底,这些变化都没有相关性。我们认为,这一事实可能是由于康普顿厚的云层穿过视线造成的部分遮蔽的结果。
H$α$ Reverberation Mapping of the Intermediate-Mass Active Galactic Nucleus in NGC 4395
本文介绍了对NGC 4395的活动星系核(AGN)进行的高节奏光谱和成像监测活动的结果。高信噪比光谱是在Gemini-N 8 m望远镜上使用GMOS积分场摄谱仪(IFS)于2019年3月7日获得的,并在Gemini-I 10 m望远镜上使用低分辨率成像光谱仪(LRIS)于2019年3月3日和4月2日获得的。在同一个夜晚,用一些1米级望远镜获得了光度数据。窄线区域(NLR)是空间分辨的,因此,它对狭缝光谱的可变贡献使得相对通量校准的标准程序不切实际。我们证明了IFS的空间分辨数据可以有效地用于校正狭缝掩模光谱光变曲线。虽然由于光变曲线中缺乏强变异性模式,我们没有获得可靠的滞后,但我们将宽线时间滞后限制为小于3小时,与Woo等人(2019)报告的$\sim80$ min的光度滞后一致。通过利用高质量光谱,我们测量了H $α$发射线宽分量的二阶矩为$586\pm19$ km s $^{-1}$,取代了Woo等人(2019)报告的较低值。结合修正后的线色散和测光时滞,我们将黑洞质量更新为$(1.7\pm 0.3)\times10^4$ M $_{\odot}$。
Supermassive Black Hole and Broad-line Region in NGC 5548: 2023 Reverberation Mapping Results
Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院云南天文台);University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院大学);Key Laboratory for the Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects, Chinese Academy of Sciences(中国科学院天体结构与演化重点实验室)
Space Telescope and Optical Reverberation Mapping Project. I. Ultraviolet Observations of the Seyfert 1 Galaxy NGC 5548 with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph on Hubble Space Telescope
我们描述的第一个结果从一个为期六个月的混响映射实验在紫外线的基础上170观测的塞弗特1星系NGC 5548与宇宙起源光谱仪的哈勃太空望远镜。在连续谱和宽发射谱线中发现了显著的相关变异性,发射谱线中的振幅范围为~30%至2倍,连续谱中的振幅范围为3倍。所有强发射线的变化都滞后于连续谱线的变化,其中He II 1640滞后于连续谱线约2.5天,Lyman alpha 1215、C IV 1550和Si IV 1400滞后约5-6天。连续谱和发射谱线之间的关系是复杂的。特别是,在下半年的活动,所有的发射线滞后增加了1.3-2的因素和差异出现在详细结构的连续谱和发射线的光变曲线。速度分辨互相关分析表明,相干结构的滞后与视线速度的发射线; C IV的高速机翼响应连续变化更迅速地比线的核心,可能表明更高的速度BLR云在较小的距离,从中央引擎。然而,莱曼α的速度依赖性响应更为复杂,需要进一步分析。
The unusually red delay spectrum of the low-mass black hole AGN NGC\,4051 as revealed by intensive continuum reverberation mapping with the Las Cumbres Observatory
Wayne State University(韦恩州立大学);University of St Andrews(圣安德鲁斯大学);Durham University(杜伦大学);Spectral Sciences Inc.(光谱科学公司);University of Johannesburg(约翰内斯堡大学);University of California, Irvine(加州大学尔湾分校);University of Leicester(莱斯特大学)
NGC 4051低质量黑洞的异常红色延迟光谱通过密集连续反照率测绘揭示,其i和z_s波段延迟显著超出预期,可能由尘埃reddening或连续贡献解释。
The Intermediate-Mass Black Hole Reverberation Mapping Project: Stable Optical Continuum Lags of an IMBH in the Dwarf Galaxy NGC 4395 Over Years
South-Western Institute for Astronomy Research, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Survey Science, Yunnan University(西南天文研究所,云南省观测科学重点实验室,云南大学);Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences(上海天文台,中国科学院);Department of Astronomy, Xiamen University(厦门大学天文学系);University of Science and Technology of China(中国科学技术大学)
Space Telescope and Optical Reverberation Mapping Project. XI. Disk-wind characteristics and contributions to the very broad emission lines of NGC 5548
A Convolutional Neural Network for the Recovery of Transfer Functions From Velocity-Resolved Reverberation Mapping Data
JILA, University of Colorado Boulder(科罗拉多大学博尔德分校 JILA);SUPA Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews(圣安德鲁斯大学 SUPA 物理与天文);Environment and Climate Change Canada(加拿大环境与气候变化部)
Continuum Reverberation in Bright Quasars Using NASA/ATLAS
Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Australian National University(澳大利亚国立大学天文与天体物理研究学院);Centre for Gravitational Astrophysics (CGA), Australian National University(澳大利亚国立大学引力天体物理学中心);Astrophysics Research Centre, School of Mathematics and Physics, Queen’s University Belfast(贝尔法斯特女王大学数学与物理学院天体物理研究中心);Research Center for Space and Cosmic Evolution, Ehime University(爱媛大学宇宙演化研究中心);University of Belgrade-Faculty of Mathematics, Department of Astronomy(贝尔格莱德大学数学系天文学系);Millennium Institute of Astrophysics (MAS)(天体物理学千年研究所);Instituto de Astrofísica, Facultad de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile(智利天主教Pontificia大学物理学院天体物理研究所)