In this paper we prove the homotopy lifting property for symmetric products $SP_{m}(X)$ and $F_{m}(X)$, with $X$ a Hausdorff topological space. Furthermore, we introduce a new tool, the theory of topological puzzles, to get a useful decomposition of $X^{m}$.
In classical homotopy theory, two spaces are homotopy equivalent if one space can be continuously deformed into the other. This theory, however, does not respect the discrete nature of graphs. For this reason, a discrete homotopy theory that recognizes the difference between the vertices and edges of a graph was invented, called A-homotopy theory [1-5]. In classical homotopy theory, covering spaces and lifting properties are often used to compute the fundamental group of the circle. In this paper, we develop the lifting properties for A-homotopy theory. Using a covering graph and these lifting…
The paper is devoted to introduce some notions extending the unique path lifting property from a homotopy viewpoint and to study their roles in the category of fibrations. First, we define some homotopical kinds of the unique path lifting property and find all possible relationships between them. Moreover, we supplement the full relationships of these new notions in the presence of fibrations. Second, we deduce some results in the category of fibrations with these notions instead of unique path lifting such as the existence of products and coproducts. Also, we give a brief comparison of these …
For any finite group $G$, we define the notion of a Bredon homotopy action of $G$, modelled on the diagram of fixed point sets $(X_H)_{H\leq G}$ for a $G$-space $X$, together with a pointed homotopy action of the group $N_{G}H/H$ on $X^{H}/(\bigcup_{H<K} X^{K})$. We then describe a procedure for constructing a suitable diagram $\underline{X}:O_G^{op}\to Top$ from this data, by solving a sequence of elementary lifting problems. If successful, we obtain a $G$-space $X'$ realizing the given homotopy information, determined up to Bredon $G$-homotopy type. Such lifting methods may also be used to u…
We use Quillen model structures to show a systematic method to lift recollements of hereditary abelian model categories to recollements of their associated homotopy categories. To that end, we use the notion of Quillen adjoint triples and we investigate transfers of abelian model structures along adjoint pairs. Applications include liftings of recollements of module categories to their derived counterpart, liftings to homotopy categories that provide models for stable categories of Gorenstein projective and injective modules and liftings to homotopy categories of n-morphism categories over Iwa…
The settings for homotopical algebra---categories such as simplicial groups, simplicial rings, $A_\infty$ spaces, $E_\infty$ ring spectra, etc.---are often equivalent to categories of algebras over some monad or triple $T$. In such cases, $T$ is acting on a nice simplicial model category in such a way that $T$ descends to a monad on the homotopy category and defines a category of homotopy $T$-algebras. In this setting there is a forgetful functor from the homotopy category of $T$-algebras to the category of homotopy $T$-algebras. Under suitable hypotheses we provide an obstruction theory, in t…
In a previous paper [21] the author studied the homotopy lifting property in the category dTop of directed spaces in the sense of M. Grandis [12], [13], [14]. The present paper, which is a continuation of aforementioned article, introduces and studies the directed weak homotopy property (dWCHP) and directed weak fibrations, extending to the category dTop the well known Dold's (or weak) - fibrations [6]. The dWCHP is characterized in several ways. Then the notion of a directed fibre homotopy equivalence (dFHE) between directed weak fibrations is studied. Some examples and counterexamples are gi…
Let $X$ and $Y$ be finite simplicial sets (e.g. finite simplicial complexes), both equipped with a free simplicial action of a finite group $G$. Assuming that $Y$ is $d$-connected and $\dim X\le 2d$, for some $d\geq 1$, we provide an algorithm that computes the set of all equivariant homotopy classes of equivariant continuous maps $|X|\to|Y|$; the existence of such a map can be decided even for $\dim X\leq 2d+1$. For fixed $G$ and $d$, the algorithm runs in polynomial time. This yields the first algorithm for deciding topological embeddability of a $k$-dimensional finite simplicial complex int…
Omar Antol{\'ı}n Camarena pointed out a gap in the proofs in \cite{Brown15,BrownJordan} of a condition for the Phragmen--Brouwer Property not to hold; this note gives the correction in terms of a result on a pushout of groupoids, and some additional background.
The Brouwer fixed point theorem states that the disk $D^n$ has the fixed point property. More generally, by the Lefschetz fixed point theorem any compact ANR with trivial rational homology has the fixed point property. In this note we prove that for any connected compact CW-complex $K$ there exists a space $X$ weak homotopy equivalent to $K$ which has the fixed point property. The result is known to be false if we require $X$ to be a polyhedron. The space $X$ we construct is a non-Hausdorff space with finitely many points.
For finite connected graphs $Γ$ and $G$, with $Γ$ admitting a free involution $τ$, we characterize the based homotopy classes $α\in[Γ,G]$ for which the Borsuk-Ulam property holds in the sense of Gonçalves, Guaschi and Casteluber-Laass, i.e., the homotopy classes $α$ so that each of its representatives $f\inα$ satisfies $f(x) = f(τ\cdot x)$ for some $x\inΓ$. This is attained through a graph-braid-group perspective aided by the use of discrete Morse theory.
A parametric Oka principle for liftings, recently proved by Forstneric, provides many examples of holomorphic maps that are fibrations in a model structure introduced in previous work of ours. We use this to show that the basic Oka property is equivalent to the parametric Oka property for a large class of manifolds. We introduce new versions of the basic and parametric Oka properties and show, for example, that a complex manifold $X$ has the basic Oka property if and only if every holomorphic map to $X$ from a contractible submanifold of $\mathbb C^n$ extends holomorphically to $\mathbb C^n$.
If P \to X is a topological principal K-bundle and \hat K a central extension of K by Z, then there is a natural obstruction class δ_1(P) in \check H^2(X,\uline Z) in sheaf cohomology whose vanishing is equivalent to the existence of a \hat K-bundle \hat P over X with P \cong \hat P/Z. In this paper we establish a link between homotopy theoretic data and the obstruction class δ_1(P) which in many cases can be used to calculate this class in explicit terms. Writing \partial_d^P \: π_d(X) \to π_{d-1}(K) for the connecting maps in the long exact homotopy sequence, two of our main results can be f…
We explain how any cofibrantly generated weak factorisation system on a category may be equipped with a universally and canonically determined choice of cofibrant replacement. We then apply this to the theory of weak omega-categories, showing that the universal and canonical cofibrant replacement of the operad for strict omega-categories is precisely Leinster's operad for weak omega-categories.
We study the left adjoint $\mathbb{D}$ to the forgetful functor from the $\infty$-category of symmetric monoidal $\infty$-categories with duals and finite colimits to the $\infty$-category of symmetric monoidal $\infty$-categories with finite colimits, and related free constructions. The main result is that $\mathbb{D} \mathcal C$ always splits as the product of 3 factors, each characterized by a certain universal property. As an application, we show that, for any compact Lie group $G$, the $\infty$-category of genuine $G$-spectra is obtained from the $\infty$-category of Bredon (\emph{a.k.a} …
Let X and Y be finite-type CW-complexes (X connected, Y simply connected), such that the rational cohomology ring of Y is a k-rescaling of the rational cohomology ring of X. Assume H^*(X,Q) is a Koszul algebra. Then, the homotopy Lie algebra pi_*(Omega Y) tensor Q equals, up to k-rescaling, the graded rational Lie algebra associated to the lower central series of pi_1(X). If Y is a formal space, this equality is actually equivalent to the Koszulness of H^*(X,Q). If X is formal (and only then), the equality lifts to a filtered isomorphism between the Malcev completion of pi_1(X) and the complet…
A selfmap is Wecken when the minimal number of fixed points among all maps in its homotopy class is equal to the Nielsen number, a homotopy invariant lower bound on the number of fixed points. All selfmaps are Wecken for manifolds of dimension not equal to 2, but some non-Wecken maps exist on surfaces. We attempt to measure how common the Wecken property is on surfaces with boundary by estimating the proportion of maps which are Wecken, measured by asymptotic density. Intuitively, this is the probability that a randomly chosen homotopy class of maps consists of Wecken maps. We show that this d…
In this paper we prove that for any model category, the Bousfield-Kan construction of the homotopy colimit is the absolute left derived functor of the colimit. This is achieved by showing that the Bousfield-Kan homotopy colimit is moreover a realizable homotopy colimit, defined by means of a suitable 2-category of relative categories. In addition, in the case of exact coproducts, we characterize the realizable homotopy colimits that satisfy a cofinality property as those given by a formula following the pattern of Bousfield-Kan construction: they are the composition of a "geometric realization…
This thesis is concerned with the application of operadic methods, particularly modular operads, to questions arising in the study of moduli spaces of surfaces as well as applications to the study of homotopy algebras and new constructions of 'quantum invariants' of manifolds inspired by ideas originating from physics. We consider the extension of classical 2-dimensional topological quantum field theories to Klein topological quantum field theories which allow unorientable surfaces. We generalise open topological conformal field theories to open Klein topological conformal field theories and c…
