Existing works reduce motion blur and up-convert frame rate through two separate ways, including frame deblurring and frame interpolation. However, few studies have approached the joint video enhancement problem, namely synthesizing high-frame-rate clear results from low-frame-rate blurry inputs. In this paper, we propose a blurry video frame interpolation method to reduce motion blur and up-convert frame rate simultaneously. Specifically, we develop a pyramid module to cyclically synthesize clear intermediate frames. The pyramid module features adjustable spatial receptive field and temporal scope, thus contributing to controllable computational complexity and restoration ability. Besides, we propose an inter-pyramid recurrent module to connect sequential models to exploit the temporal relationship. The pyramid module integrates a recurrent module, thus can iteratively synthesize temporally smooth results without significantly increasing the model size. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that our method performs favorably against state-of-the-art methods.
Slow shutter speed and long exposure time of frame-based cameras often cause visual blur and loss of inter-frame information, degenerating the overall quality of captured videos. To this end, we present a unified framework of event-based motion deblurring and frame interpolation for blurry video enhancement, where the extremely low latency of events is leveraged to alleviate motion blur and facilitate intermediate frame prediction. Specifically, the mapping relation between blurry frames and sharp latent images is first predicted by a learnable double integral network, and a fusion network is …
The objective of this work is to deblur face videos. We propose a method that tackles this problem from two directions: (1) enhancing the blurry frames, and (2) treating the blurry frames as missing values and estimate them by interpolation. These approaches are complementary to each other, and their combination outperforms individual ones. We also introduce a novel module that leverages the structure of faces for finding positional offsets between video frames. This module can be integrated into the processing pipelines of both approaches, improving the quality of the final outcome. Experimen…
Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology（韩国科学技术院）
In this paper, we propose a novel joint deblurring and multi-frame interpolation (DeMFI) framework, called DeMFI-Net, which accurately converts blurry videos of lower-frame-rate to sharp videos at higher-frame-rate based on flow-guided attentive-correlation-based feature bolstering (FAC-FB) module and recursive boosting (RB), in terms of multi-frame interpolation (MFI). The DeMFI-Net jointly performs deblurring and MFI where its baseline version performs feature-flow-based warping with FAC-FB module to obtain a sharp-interpolated frame as well to deblur two center-input frames. Moreover, its e…
EVDI++: Event-based Video Deblurring and Interpolation via Self-Supervised Learning
School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University（武汉大学电子信息学院）；Peng Cheng Laboratory（鹏城实验室）；Computer Graphics Lab of ETH Zurich（苏黎世联邦理工学院计算机图形实验室）；School of Artificial Intelligence, Wuhan University（武汉大学人工智能学院）
Existing works address the problem of generating high frame-rate sharp videos by separately learning the frame deblurring and frame interpolation modules. Most of these approaches have a strong prior assumption that all the input frames are blurry whereas in a real-world setting, the quality of frames varies. Moreover, such approaches are trained to perform either of the two tasks - deblurring or interpolation - in isolation, while many practical situations call for both. Different from these works, we address a more realistic problem of high frame-rate sharp video synthesis with no prior assu…
Australian National University（澳大利亚国立大学）；Australia Centre for Robotic Vision（澳大利亚机器人视觉中心）；Northwestern Polytechnical University（西北工业大学）
Event-based cameras can measure intensity changes (called `{\it events}') with microsecond accuracy under high-speed motion and challenging lighting conditions. With the active pixel sensor (APS), the event camera allows simultaneous output of the intensity frames. However, the output images are captured at a relatively low frame-rate and often suffer from motion blur. A blurry image can be regarded as the integral of a sequence of latent images, while the events indicate the changes between the latent images. Therefore, we are able to model the blur-generation process by associating event dat…
Velocity Disambiguation for Video Frame Interpolation
School of Artificial Intelligence, Shanghai Jiao Tong University（上海交通大学人工智能学院）；Cornell University（康奈尔大学）；Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory（上海人工智能实验室）；OtoNexus Medical Technologies（OtoNexus医疗科技公司）；Snap Inc（Snap公司）
Utilization of event-based cameras is expected to improve the visual quality of video frame interpolation solutions. We introduce a learning-based method to exploit moving region boundaries in a video sequence to increase the overall interpolation quality.Event cameras allow us to determine moving areas precisely; and hence, better video frame interpolation quality can be achieved by emphasizing these regions using an appropriate loss function. The results show a notable average \textit{PSNR} improvement of $1.3$ dB for the tested data sets, as well as subjectively more pleasing visual results…
Learning Event-guided Exposure-agnostic Video Frame Interpolation via Adaptive Feature Blending
School of Computing, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea（计算机学院，韩国科学技术院（KAIST），大田，韩国）；School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore（电子与电气工程学院，南洋理工大学（NTU），新加坡）
Abrupt motion of camera or objects in a scene result in a blurry video, and therefore recovering high quality video requires two types of enhancements: visual enhancement and temporal upsampling. A broad range of research attempted to recover clean frames from blurred image sequences or temporally upsample frames by interpolation, yet there are very limited studies handling both problems jointly. In this work, we present a novel framework for deblurring, interpolating and extrapolating sharp frames from a motion-blurred video in an end-to-end manner. We design our framework by first learning t…
Video frame interpolation, which aims to synthesize non-exist intermediate frames in a video sequence, is an important research topic in computer vision. Existing video frame interpolation methods have achieved remarkable results under specific assumptions, such as instant or known exposure time. However, in complicated real-world situations, the temporal priors of videos, i.e. frames per second (FPS) and frame exposure time, may vary from different camera sensors. When test videos are taken under different exposure settings from training ones, the interpolated frames will suffer significant m…
The University of Tokyo（东京大学）；National Institute of Informatics（国立信息学研究所）
This paper studies the challenging problem of recovering motion from blur, also known as joint deblurring and interpolation or blur temporal super-resolution. The challenges are twofold: 1) the current methods still leave considerable room for improvement in terms of visual quality even on the synthetic dataset, and 2) poor generalization to real-world data. To this end, we propose a blur interpolation transformer (BiT) to effectively unravel the underlying temporal correlation encoded in blur. Based on multi-scale residual Swin transformer blocks, we introduce dual-end temporal supervision an…
Super-Resolution from a single motion Blurred image (SRB) is a severely ill-posed problem due to the joint degradation of motion blurs and low spatial resolution. In this paper, we employ events to alleviate the burden of SRB and propose an Event-enhanced SRB (E-SRB) algorithm, which can generate a sequence of sharp and clear images with High Resolution (HR) from a single blurry image with Low Resolution (LR). To achieve this end, we formulate an event-enhanced degeneration model to consider the low spatial resolution, motion blurs, and event noises simultaneously. We then build an event-enhan…
E$^{3}$NeRF: Efficient Event-Enhanced Neural Radiance Fields from Blurry Images
State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University（虚拟现实技术与系统国家重点实验室，计算机科学与工程学院，北京航空航天大学）；School of Computer Science, Beijing Institute of Technology（计算机学院，北京理工大学）；SenseTime Research and Tetras.AI（商汤研究院和Tetras.AI）
MoBluRF: Motion Deblurring Neural Radiance Fields for Blurry Monocular Video
School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology（韩国科学技术院电子工程学院）；Department of Imaging Science, GSAIM, Chung-Ang University（Chung-Ang大学成像科学系）
Imperial College London（帝国理工学院）；University College London（伦敦大学学院）；University of Bath（巴斯大学）；University of Trento（特伦托大学）
It is difficult to recover the motion field from a real-world footage given a mixture of camera shake and other photometric effects. In this paper we propose a hybrid framework by interleaving a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and a traditional optical flow energy. We first conduct a CNN architecture using a novel learnable directional filtering layer. Such layer encodes the angle and distance similarity matrix between blur and camera motion, which is able to enhance the blur features of the camera-shake footages. The proposed CNNs are then integrated into an iterative optical flow framewor…
Aggregating Nearest Sharp Features via Hybrid Transformers for Video Deblurring
School of Computer Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology（哈尔滨工业大学计算机科学与技术学院）；Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong（香港城市大学计算机科学系）
Perception-Oriented Video Frame Interpolation via Asymmetric Blending
Shanghai Jiao Tong University（上海交通大学）；Kuaishou Technology（快手科技）；SeeKoo（视库）；University of Electronic Science and Technology of China（电子科技大学）；Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院）
Kinematics-Driven Gaussian Shape Deformation for Blurry Monocular Dynamic Scenes
AI Institute, Seoul National University（首尔国立大学人工智能研究所）；Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Seoul National University（首尔国立大学神经科学跨学科项目）；Gwangju Institute of Science（全州科学技术学院）；NAVER AI Lab（NAVER AI实验室）
The University of Tokyo（东京大学）；HKUST Guangzhou（香港科技大学（广州））；Huawei（华为）；HKUST（香港科技大学）
Video deblurring is a highly under-constrained problem due to the spatially and temporally varying blur. An intuitive approach for video deblurring includes two steps: a) detecting the blurry region in the current frame; b) utilizing the information from clear regions in adjacent frames for current frame deblurring. To realize this process, our idea is to detect the pixel-wise blur level of each frame and combine it with video deblurring. To this end, we propose a novel framework that utilizes the motion magnitude prior (MMP) as guidance for efficient deep video deblurring. Specifically, as th…
SenseTime Research（商汤科技研究院）；Nanjing University of Science and Technology（南京理工大学）；Harbin Institute of Technology（哈尔滨工业大学）
Video deblurring is a challenging task due to the spatially variant blur caused by camera shake, object motions, and depth variations, etc. Existing methods usually estimate optical flow in the blurry video to align consecutive frames or approximate blur kernels. However, they tend to generate artifacts or cannot effectively remove blur when the estimated optical flow is not accurate. To overcome the limitation of separate optical flow estimation, we propose a Spatio-Temporal Filter Adaptive Network (STFAN) for the alignment and deblurring in a unified framework. The proposed STFAN takes both …
University of Oxford（牛津大学）；Sun Yat-sen University（中山大学）
Motion deblurring has witnessed rapid development in recent years, and most of the recent methods address it by using deep learning techniques, with the help of different kinds of prior knowledge. Concerning that deblurring is essentially expected to improve the image sharpness, edge information can serve as an important prior. However, the edge has not yet been seriously taken into consideration in previous methods when designing deep models. To this end, we present a novel framework that incorporates edge prior knowledge into deep models, termed Edge Prior Augmented Networks (EPAN). EPAN has…
University of Science and Technology of China（中国科学技术大学）；Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center（合肥综合性国家科学中心人工智能研究院）；National University of Singapore（新加坡国立大学）
University of Sydney（悉尼大学）；Birkbeck College（伯贝克学院）
Motion blur in dynamic scenes is an important yet challenging research topic. Recently, deep learning methods have achieved impressive performance for dynamic scene deblurring. However, the motion information contained in a blurry image has yet to be fully explored and accurately formulated because: (i) the ground truth of dynamic motion is difficult to obtain; (ii) the temporal ordering is destroyed during the exposure; and (iii) the motion estimation from a blurry image is highly ill-posed. By revisiting the principle of camera exposure, motion blur can be described by the relative motions o…
Present-day deep learning-based motion deblurring methods utilize the pair of synthetic blur and sharp data to regress any particular framework. This task is designed for directly translating a blurry image input into its restored version as output. The aforementioned approach relies heavily on the quality of the synthetic blurry data, which are only available before the training stage. Handling this issue by providing a large amount of data is expensive for common usage. We answer this challenge by providing an on-the-fly blurry data augmenter that can be run during training and test stages. …
Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University（清华大学深圳国际研究生院）；The University of Tokyo（东京大学）；Tencent AI Lab（腾讯人工智能实验室）
This paper aims at exploring how to synthesize close-to-real blurs that existing video deblurring models trained on them can generalize well to real-world blurry videos. In recent years, deep learning-based approaches have achieved promising success on video deblurring task. However, the models trained on existing synthetic datasets still suffer from generalization problems over real-world blurry scenarios with undesired artifacts. The factors accounting for the failure remain unknown. Therefore, we revisit the classical blur synthesis pipeline and figure out the possible reasons, including sh…
Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems（马克斯·普朗克智能系统研究所）；University of Tübingen（蒂宾根大学）
As handheld video cameras are now commonplace and available in every smartphone, images and videos can be recorded almost everywhere at anytime. However, taking a quick shot frequently yields a blurry result due to unwanted camera shake during recording or moving objects in the scene. Removing these artifacts from the blurry recordings is a highly ill-posed problem as neither the sharp image nor the motion blur kernel is known. Propagating information between multiple consecutive blurry observations can help restore the desired sharp image or video. Solutions for blind deconvolution based on n…
Harbin Institute of Technology（哈尔滨工业大学）；Tencent AI Lab（腾讯人工智能实验室）
The key success factor of the video deblurring methods is to compensate for the blurry pixels of the mid-frame with the sharp pixels of the adjacent video frames. Therefore, mainstream methods align the adjacent frames based on the estimated optical flows and fuse the alignment frames for restoration. However, these methods sometimes generate unsatisfactory results because they rarely consider the blur levels of pixels, which may introduce blurry pixels from video frames. Actually, not all the pixels in the video frames are sharp and beneficial for deblurring. To address this problem, we propo…
Several state-of-the-art video deblurring methods are based on a strong assumption that the captured scenes are static. These methods fail to deblur blurry videos in dynamic scenes. We propose a video deblurring method to deal with general blurs inherent in dynamic scenes, contrary to other methods. To handle locally varying and general blurs caused by various sources, such as camera shake, moving objects, and depth variation in a scene, we approximate pixel-wise kernel with bidirectional optical flows. Therefore, we propose a single energy model that simultaneously estimates optical flows and…
For the success of video deblurring, it is essential to utilize information from neighboring frames. Most state-of-the-art video deblurring methods adopt motion compensation between video frames to aggregate information from multiple frames that can help deblur a target frame. However, the motion compensation methods adopted by previous deblurring methods are not blur-invariant, and consequently, their accuracy is limited for blurry frames with different blur amounts. To alleviate this problem, we propose two novel approaches to deblur videos by effectively aggregating information from multipl…
Xian Jiaotong University（西安交通大学）；ByteDance Intelligent Creation Lab（字节跳动智能创作实验室）；Nanjing University of Science and Technology（南京理工大学）
The success of the state-of-the-art video deblurring methods stems mainly from implicit or explicit estimation of alignment among the adjacent frames for latent video restoration. However, due to the influence of the blur effect, estimating the alignment information from the blurry adjacent frames is not a trivial task. Inaccurate estimations will interfere the following frame restoration. Instead of estimating alignment information, we propose a simple and effective deep Recurrent Neural Network with Multi-scale Bi-directional Propagation (RNN-MBP) to effectively propagate and gather the info…
Wangxuan Institute of Computer Technology, Peking University（北京大学王选计算机研究所）；Bigo
Existing video frame interpolation methods can only interpolate the frame at a given intermediate time-step, e.g. 1/2. In this paper, we aim to explore a more generalized kind of video frame interpolation, that at an arbitrary time-step. To this end, we consider processing different time-steps with adaptively generated convolutional kernels in a unified way with the help of meta-learning. Specifically, we develop a dual meta-learned frame interpolation framework to synthesize intermediate frames with the guidance of context information and optical flow as well as taking the time-step as side i…
The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology（香港科技大学）
Video prediction is an extrapolation task that predicts future frames given past frames, and video frame interpolation is an interpolation task that estimates intermediate frames between two frames. We have witnessed the tremendous advancement of video frame interpolation, but the general video prediction in the wild is still an open question. Inspired by the photo-realistic results of video frame interpolation, we present a new optimization framework for video prediction via video frame interpolation, in which we solve an extrapolation problem based on an interpolation model. Our video predic…
We present, AdaFNIO - Adaptive Fourier Neural Interpolation Operator, a neural operator-based architecture to perform video frame interpolation. Current deep learning based methods rely on local convolutions for feature learning and suffer from not being scale-invariant, thus requiring training data to be augmented through random flipping and re-scaling. On the other hand, AdaFNIO, learns the features in the frames, independent of input resolution, through token mixing and global convolution in the Fourier space or the spectral domain by using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). We show that AdaFNIO…
PoseCrafter: Extreme Pose Estimation with Hybrid Video Synthesis
School of Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University（西北工业大学计算机学院）；School of Computing, National University of Singapore（新加坡国立大学计算机学院）；School of Computing and Data Science, The University of Hong Kong（香港大学计算机与数据科学学院）；School of Astronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University（西北工业大学航天学院）
Frame interpolation is an essential video processing technique that adjusts the temporal resolution of an image sequence. While deep learning has brought great improvements to the area of video frame interpolation, techniques that make use of neural networks can typically not easily be deployed in practical applications like a video editor since they are either computationally too demanding or fail at high resolutions. In contrast, we propose a deep learning approach that solely relies on splatting to synthesize interpolated frames. This splatting-based synthesis for video frame interpolation …
Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology（莫斯科物理技术学院）
This work presents a supervised learning based approach to the computer vision problem of frame interpolation. The presented technique could also be used in the cartoon animations since drawing each individual frame consumes a noticeable amount of time. The most existing solutions to this problem use unsupervised methods and focus only on real life videos with already high frame rate. However, the experiments show that such methods do not work as well when the frame rate becomes low and object displacements between frames becomes large. This is due to the fact that interpolation of the large d…
Video frame interpolation typically involves two steps: motion estimation and pixel synthesis. Such a two-step approach heavily depends on the quality of motion estimation. This paper presents a robust video frame interpolation method that combines these two steps into a single process. Specifically, our method considers pixel synthesis for the interpolated frame as local convolution over two input frames. The convolution kernel captures both the local motion between the input frames and the coefficients for pixel synthesis. Our method employs a deep fully convolutional neural network to estim…
Video frame interpolation can up-convert the frame rate and enhance the video quality. In recent years, although the interpolation performance has achieved great success, image blur usually occurs at the object boundaries owing to the large motion. It has been a long-standing problem, and has not been addressed yet. In this paper, we propose to reduce the image blur and get the clear shape of objects by preserving the edges in the interpolated frames. To this end, the proposed Edge-Aware Network (EA-Net) integrates the edge information into the frame interpolation task. It follows an end-to-en…
Institute of Image Communication and Network Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University（上海交通大学图像通信与网络工程研究所）；University of California, Merced（加州大学默塞德分校）；AI Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University（上海交通大学人工智能研究院）；Google（谷歌）
Video frame interpolation aims to synthesize nonexistent frames in-between the original frames. While significant advances have been made from the recent deep convolutional neural networks, the quality of interpolation is often reduced due to large object motion or occlusion. In this work, we propose a video frame interpolation method which explicitly detects the occlusion by exploring the depth information. Specifically, we develop a depth-aware flow projection layer to synthesize intermediate flows that preferably sample closer objects than farther ones. In addition, we learn hierarchical fe…
Frame interpolation attempts to synthesise frames given one or more consecutive video frames. In recent years, deep learning approaches, and notably convolutional neural networks, have succeeded at tackling low- and high-level computer vision problems including frame interpolation. These techniques often tackle two problems, namely algorithm efficiency and reconstruction quality. In this paper, we present a multi-scale generative adversarial network for frame interpolation (\mbox{FIGAN}). To maximise the efficiency of our network, we propose a novel multi-scale residual estimation module where…
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in focus on the interpolation task of computer vision. Despite the tremendous advancement of video interpolation, point cloud interpolation remains insufficiently explored. Meanwhile, the existence of numerous nonlinear large motions in real-world scenarios makes the point cloud interpolation task more challenging. In light of these issues, we present NeuralPCI: an end-to-end 4D spatio-temporal Neural field for 3D Point Cloud Interpolation, which implicitly integrates multi-frame information to handle nonlinear large motions for both indoo…
A majority of methods for video frame interpolation compute bidirectional optical flow between adjacent frames of a video, followed by a suitable warping algorithm to generate the output frames. However, approaches relying on optical flow often fail to model occlusions and complex non-linear motions directly from the video and introduce additional bottlenecks unsuitable for widespread deployment. We address these limitations with FLAVR, a flexible and efficient architecture that uses 3D space-time convolutions to enable end-to-end learning and inference for video frame interpolation. Our metho…
