József Balogh, Béla Csaba, Yifan Jing, András Pluhár
In the literature, the notion of discrepancy is used in several contexts, even in the theory of graphs. Here, for a graph $G$, $\{-1, 1\}$ labels are assigned to the edges, and we consider a family $\mathcal{S}_G$ of (spanning) subgraphs of certain types, among others spanning trees, Hamiltonian cycles. As usual, we seek for bounds on the sum of the labels that hold for all elements of $\mathcal{S}_G$, for every labeling.
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Discrepancies of perfect matchings in hypergraphs
该研究确定了 r 边着色 k-一致超图中高差异度完美匹配的最小度阈值，并借助新的多色超图族回答了关于 3-一致超图的开放问题。
We study the multicolour discrepancy of spanning trees and Hamilton cycles in graphs. As our main result, we show that under very mild conditions, the $r$-colour spanning-tree discrepancy of a graph $G$ is equal, up to a constant, to the minimum $s$ such that $G$ can be separated into $r$ equal parts by deleting $s$ vertices. This result arguably resolves the question of estimating the spanning-tree discrepancy in essentially all graphs of interest. In particular, it allows us to immediately deduce as corollaries most of the results that appear in a recent paper of Balogh, Csaba, Jing and Pluh…
Dyadic shifts of point distributions in the multi-dimensional unit cube are considered as a randomization. Explicit formulas for the discrepancies of such randomized distributions are given in the paper in terms of Rademacher functions. Relaying on the statistical independence of Rademacher functions, Khinchin's inequalities, and other related results, we obtain very sharp upper and lower bounds for the mean discrepancies.
Subgraph discrepancies in the complete graph
研究完全图中子图的不一致度，证明了对于特定图结构，其2着色下存在副本的不一致度下界。
Discrepancies and their means
本文给出环面上点分布差异函数的显式均值公式，并据此简化了Lev关于$L_{\infty}$与平移$L_q$差异等价性的证明。
Answering in a strong form a question posed by Bollobás and Scott, in this paper we determine the discrepancy between two random k-uniform hypergraphs, up to a constant factor depending solely on k.
Positive discrepancy of graphs far from Turán graphs
本文证明了远离Turán图的图具有至少 $c_\eps n^{5/4}$ 的正差异，并由此得出正则图的第二特征值下界，验证了Räty等人的两个猜想。
The $k$-way discrepancy $\disc_k (\C)$ of a rectangular array $\C$ of nonnegative entries is the minimum of the maxima of the within- and between-cluster discrepancies that can be obtained by simultaneous $k$-clusterings (proper partitions) of its rows and columns. In the main theorem, irrespective of the size of $\C$, we give the following estimate for the $k$th largest non-trivial singular value of the normalized table: $s_k \le 9\disc_{k } (\C ) (k+2 -9k\ln \disc_{k } (\C ))$, provided $\disc_{k } (\C ) <1$ and $k\le \rk (\C )$. This statement is the converse of Theorem 7 of Bolla \cite{Bol…
We consider quasirandom properties for Cayley graphs of finite abelian groups. We show that having uniform edge-distribution (i.e., small discrepancy) and having large eigenvalue gap are equivalent properties for such Cayley graphs, even if they are sparse. This positively answers a question of Chung and Graham ["Sparse quasi-random graphs", Combinatorica 22 (2002), no. 2, 217-244] for the particular case of Cayley graphs of abelian groups, while in general the answer is negative.
Maximizing the discrepancy between zero forcing parameters relative to graph order
本文研究零强制参数相对于图阶的差异，给出极小零强制集基数差及传播时间差的上界，并证明对无限图族紧致。
We suggest a new method on coloring generalized Kneser graphs based on hypergraphs with high discrepancy and small number of edges. The main result is providing a proper coloring of K(n, n/2-t, s) in (4 + o(1))(s + t)^2 colors, which is produced by Hadamard matrices. Also, we show that for colorings by independent set of a natural type, this result is the best possible up to a multiplicative constant. Our method extends to Kneser hypergraphs as well.
A perfect $K_r$-tiling in a graph $G$ is a collection of vertex-disjoint copies of the clique $K_r$ in $G$ covering every vertex of $G$. The famous Hajnal--Szemerédi theorem determines the minimum degree threshold for forcing a perfect $K_r$-tiling in a graph $G$. The notion of discrepancy appears in many branches of mathematics. In the graph setting, one assigns the edges of a graph $G$ labels from $\{-1,1\}$, and one seeks substructures $F$ of $G$ that have `high' discrepancy (i.e. the sum of the labels of the edges in $F$ is far from $0$). In this paper we determine the minimum degree thres…
For a graph G, a signed domination function of G is a two-colouring of the vertices of G with colours +1 and -1 such that the closed neighbourhood of every vertex contains more +1's than -1's. This concept is closely related to combinatorial discrepancy theory as shown by Fueredi and Mubayi [J. Combin. Theory, Ser. B 76 (1999) 223-239]. The signed domination number of G is the minimum of the sum of colours for all vertices, taken over all signed domination functions of G. In this paper, we present new upper and lower bounds for the signed domination number. These new bounds improve a number of…
Given a graph $H$, a perfect $H$-factor in a graph $G$ is a collection of vertex-disjoint copies of $H$ spanning $G$. Kühn and Osthus showed that the minimum degree threshold for a graph $G$ to contain a perfect $H$-factor is either given by $1-1/χ(H)$ or by $1-1/χ_{cr}(H)$ depending on certain natural divisibility considerations. Given a graph $G$ of order $n$, a $2$-edge-coloring of $G$ and a subgraph $G'$ of $G$, we say that $G'$ has high discrepancy if it contains significantly (linear in $n$) more edges of one color than the other. Balogh, Csaba, Pluhár and Treglown asked for the minimum …
For a proper vertex coloring $c$ of a graph $G$, let $φ_c(G)$ denote the maximum, over all induced subgraphs $H$ of $G$, the difference between the chromatic number $χ(H)$ and the number of colors used by $c$ to color $H$. We define the chromatic discrepancy of a graph $G$, denoted by $φ(G)$, to be the minimum $φ_c(G)$, over all proper colorings $c$ of $G$. If $H$ is restricted to only connected induced subgraphs, we denote the corresponding parameter by $\hatφ(G)$. These parameters are aimed at studying graph colorings that use as few colors as possible in a graph and all its induced subgraph…
On high discrepancy $1$-factorizations of complete graphs
本研究证明了对足够大的n，任意边赋值的完全图K_{2n}都存在高偏差1-因子分解，即存在普适正常数c，使得分解后的每个完美匹配的边符号和偏差至少为c。
An oriented discrepancy version of Dirac's theorem
本文完整证明了Gishboliner等人提出的Dirac定理有向差异版本猜想，证明了满足最小半度条件的有向图必然包含具有足够多指向前方边的Hamilton圈。
On the $L_2$-discrepancy of Latin hypercubes
本文研究弱拉丁超立方体的 $L_2$-差异，建立了极端与周期差异的等价性，并给出了 $d \geq 3$ 时的渐近紧界及 $d \geq 4$ 时主导项的精确常数。
We introduce a measure of discrepancy of Hermitian matrices and establish an inequality between the second singular value of a Hermitian matrix and its discrepancy. These results are applied to answer two questions of Fan Chung about graph eigenvalues.
On the Color Discrepancy of Spanning Trees in Random and Randomly Perturbed Graphs
本文研究随机图和随机扰动稠密图中生成树的颜色偏差，证明在连通阈值以上的随机图及添加少量随机边的稠密图中，任意2-边着色下都存在具有较大颜色偏差的生成树。
We study the connections between the notions of combinatorial discrepancy and graph degeneracy. In particular, we prove that the maximum discrepancy over all subgraphs $H$ of a graph $G$ of the neighborhood set system of $H$ is sandwiched between $Ω(\log\mathrm{deg}(G))$ and $\mathcal{O}(\mathrm{deg}(G))$, where $\mathrm{deg}(G)$ denotes the degeneracy of $G$. We extend this result to inequalities relating weak coloring numbers and discrepancy of graph powers and deduce a new characterization of bounded expansion classes. Then, we switch to a model theoretical point of view, introduce pointer …
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