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arXiv 2002.10817cs.ITeess.SPmath.IT
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大规模MIMO前端绝对校准中的幅相估计

Amplitude and Phase Estimation for Absolute Calibration of Massive MIMO Front-Ends

Guoda Tian, Harsh Tataria, Fredrik Tufvesson

摘要:

大规模多输入多输出(MIMO)相对于传统的多用户系统具有显著更高的性能。然而,大规模MIMO系统所承诺的增益在很大程度上依赖于绝对前端校准的准确性,以及在基站(BS)的信道估计的质量。在本文中,我们分析了用户设备辅助校准机制,以估计与BS阵列接口的每个射频链的幅度缩放和相位漂移。假设在基站处为均匀线阵,且存在莱斯衰落,我们分别采用基于矩的(幅度、相位)和最大似然(仅相位)估计技术获得估计参数。与以前的工作形成鲜明对比,我们在数学上阐明了相位估计的两种方法的等价性。此外,我们严格推导出一个Cramer-Rao下界来表征这两个估计的精度。通过数值模拟,我们评估的估计性能与不同的主导视线功率,主导的到达角,和信噪比。

英文摘要:

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) promises significantly higher performance relative to conventional multiuser systems. However, the promised gains of massive MIMO systems rely heavily on the accuracy of the absolute front-end calibration, as well as quality of channel estimates at the base station (BS). In this paper, we analyze user equipment-aided calibration mechanism to estimate the amplitude scaling and phase drift at each radio-frequency chain interfacing with the BS array. Assuming a uniform linear array at the BS and Ricean fading, we obtain the estimation parameters with moment-based (amplitude, phase) and maximum-likelihood (phase-only) estimation techniques. In stark contrast to previous works, we mathematically articulate the equivalence of the two approaches for phase estimation. Furthermore, we rigorously derive a Cramer-Rao lower bound to characterize the accuracy of the two estimators. Via numerical simulations, we evaluate the estimator performance with varying dominant line-of-sight powers, dominant angles-of-arrival, and signal-to-noise ratios.

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