Alberto Martín Méndez
We give an example of a BH(5; 5) matrix M satisfying that the eigenvalues of the unitary matrix $\frac{1}{\sqrt5}M$ are all primitive 10-th roots of unity and such that $\frac{1}{5}M^3$ is not a BH(5; 5) matrix. This example gives a negative answer to a conjecture proposed by R. Egan and P. O. Cathain.
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We consider nonsymmetric hermitian complex Hadamard matrices belonging to the Bose-Mesner algebra of commutative nonsymmetric association schemes. First, we give a characterization of the eigenmatrix of a commutative nonsymmetric association scheme of class 3 whose Bose-Mesner algebra contains a nonsymmetric hermitian complex Hadamard matrix, and show that such a complex Hadamard matrix is necessarily a Butson-type complex Hadamard matrix whose entries are 4-th roots of unity. We also give nonsymmetric association schemes X of class 6 on Galois rings of characteristic 4, and classify hermitian…
In this paper Butson-type complex Hadamard matrices $\mathrm{BH}(n,q)$ of order $n$ and complexity $q$ are classified for small parameters by computer-aided methods. Our main results include the enumeration of $\mathrm{BH}(21,3)$, $\mathrm{BH}(16,4)$, and $\mathrm{BH}(14,6)$ matrices. There are exactly $72$, 1786763, and $167776$ such matrices, up to monomial equivalence. Additionally, we show an example of a $\mathrm{BH}(14,10)$ matrix for the first time, and show the nonexistence of $\mathrm{BH}(8,15)$, $\mathrm{BH}(11,q)$ for $q\in\{10,12,14,15\}$, and $\mathrm{BH}(13,10)$ matrices.
Butson Hadamard Matrices from Pairs of Gauss Sums
本文提出一种利用两个高斯和构造 Butson Hadamard 矩阵的新方法，适用于素数幂 $q$ 及 $q-1$ 的任意因子 $d$，并通过 Butson-Jacobsthal 函数推广了 Jacobsthal 矩阵构造。
An $n \times n$ matrix $H$ is Butson-Hadamard if its entries are $k^{\text{th}}$ roots of unity and it satisfies $HH^* = nI_n$. Write $BH(n, k)$ for the set of such matrices. Suppose that $k = p^αq^β$ where $p$ and $q$ are primes and $α\geq 1$. A recent result of {Ö}stergård and Paavola uses a matrix $H \in BH(n,pk)$ to construct $H' \in BH(pn, k)$. We simplify the proof of this result and remove the restriction on the number of prime divisors of $k$. More precisely, we prove that if $k = mt$, and each prime divisor of $k$ divides $t$, then we can construct a matrix $H' \in BH(mn, t)$ from any…
A nonexistence criterion and new constructions for Butson Hadamard matrices
本文基于有限群正定函数提出Butson Hadamard矩阵存在的新必要条件，证明了若干不存在性结果，结合计算机搜索发现新矩阵，还利用分圆陪集首次构造出四类具有2-循环结构的Butson Hadamard矩阵。
If $q = p^n$ is a prime power, then a $d$-dimensional \emph{$q$-Butson Hadamard matrix} $H$ is a $d\times d$ matrix with all entries $q$th roots of unity such that $HH^* = dI_d$. We use algebraic number theory to prove a strong constraint on the dimension of a circulant $q$-Butson Hadamard matrix when $d = p^m$ and then explicitly construct a family of examples in all possible dimensions. These results relate to the long-standing circulant Hadamard matrix conjecture in combinatorics.
We classify all the cocyclic Butson Hadamard matrices $\mathrm{BH}(n,p)$ of order $n$ over the $p$th roots of unity for an odd prime $p$ and $np\leq 100$. That is, we compile a list of matrices such that any cocyclic $\mathrm{BH}(n,p)$ for these $n$, $p$ is equivalent to exactly one element in the list. Our approach encompasses non-existence results and computational machinery for Butson and generalized Hadamard matrices that are of independent interest.
We introduce the concept of a morphism from the set of Butson Hadamard matrices over kth roots of unity to the set of Butson matrices over $\ell$th roots of unity. As concrete examples of such morphisms, we describe tensor-product-like maps which reduce the order of the roots of unity appearing in a Butson matrix at the cost of increasing the dimension. Such maps can be constructed from Butson matrices with eigenvalues satisfying certain natural conditions. Our work unifies and generalises Turyn's construction of real Hadamard matrices from Butson matrices over the 4th roots and the work of Co…
A Butson-Hadamard matrix H is a square matrix of dimension n whose entries are complex roots of unity such that HH*= nI. In the first part of this work, some new results on generalized Gray map are studied. In the second part, codes obtained from Butson-Hadamard matrices and some bounds on the minimum distance of these codes are proved. In particular, we show that the code obtained from a Butson-Hadamard matrix meets the Plotkin bound under a non-homogeneous weight. We also give the parameters of some code families which are obtained from modified Butson-Hadamard matrices under a (non)homogene…
Let $G$ be a finite group and let $h$ be a positive integer. A $\text{BH}(G,h)$ matrix is a $G$-invariant $|G|\times |G|$ matrix $H$ whose entries are complex $h$th roots of unity such that $HH^*=|G|I_{|G|}$, where $H^*$ denotes the complex conjugate transpose of $H$, and $I_{|G|}$ is the identity matrix of order $|G|$. In this paper, we give three new constructions of $\text{BH}(G,h)$ matrices. The first construction is the first known family of $\text{BH}(G,h)$ matrices in which $G$ does not need to be abelian. The second and the third constructions are two families of $\text{BH}(G,h)$ matri…
For positive integers $m$ and $n$, we denote by $\mathrm{BH}(m,n)$ the set of all $H\in M_{n\times n}(\mathbb{C})$ such that $HH^\ast=nI_n$ and each entry of $H$ is an $m$-th root of unity where $H^\ast$ is the adjoint matrix of $H$ and $I_n$ is the identity matrix. For $H_1,H_2\in \mathrm{BH}(m,n)$ we say that $H_1$ is \textit{equivalent} to $H_2$ if $H_1=PH_2 Q$ for some monomial matrices $P, Q$ whose nonzero entries are $m$-th roots of unity. In this paper we classify $\mathrm{BH}(17,17)$ up to equivalence by computer search.
In this paper we study the non-existence problem of (nearly) perfect (almost) $m$-ary sequences via their connection to (near) Butson-Hadamard (BH) matrices and (near) conference matrices. Firstly, we apply a result on vanishing sums of roots of unity and a result of Brock on the unsolvability of certain equations over a cyclotomic number field to derive non-existence results for near BH matrices and near conference matrices. Secondly, we refine the idea of Brock in the case of cyclotomic number fields whose ring of integers is not a principal ideal domains and get many new non-existence resul…
In a recent survey, Schmidt compiled equivalences between generalized bent functions, group invariant Butson Hadamard matrices, and abelian splitting relative difference sets. We establish a broader network of equivalences by considering Butson matrices that are cocyclic rather than strictly group invariant. This result has several applications; for example, to the construction of Boolean functions whose expansions are generalized partially bent functions, including cases where no bent function can exist.
We study the circulant complex Hadamard matrices of order $n$ whose entries are $l$-th roots of unity. For $n=l$ prime we prove that the only such matrix, up to equivalence, is the Fourier matrix, while for $n=p+q,l=pq$ with $p,q$ distinct primes there is no such matrix. We then provide a list of equivalence classes of such matrices, for small values of $n,l$.
Let $K$ be a finite abelian group and let $\exp(K)$ denote the least common multiple of the orders of the elements of $K$. A $BH(K,h)$ matrix is a $K$-invariant $|K|\times |K|$ matrix $H$ whose entries are complex $h$th roots of unity such that $HH^*=|K|I$, where $H^*$ denotes the complex conjugate transpose of $H$, and $I$ is the identity matrix of order $|K|$. Let $ν_p(x)$ denote the $p$-adic valuation of the integer $x$. Using bilinear forms on $K$, we show that a $BH(K,h)$ exists whenever (i) $ν_p(h) \geq \lceil ν_p(\exp(K))/2 \rceil$ for every prime divisor $p$ of $|K|$ and (ii) $ν_2(h) \…
In this paper we study Butson Hadamard matrices, and codes over finite rings coming from these matrices in logarithmic form, called BH-codes. We introduce a new morphism of Butson Hadamard matrices through a generalized Gray map on the matrices in logarithmic form, which is comparable to the morphism given in a recent note of Ó Catháin and Swartz. That is, we show how, if given a Butson Hadamard matrix over the $k^{\rm th}$ roots of unity, we can construct a larger Butson matrix over the $\ell^{\rm th}$ roots of unity for any $\ell$ dividing $k$, provided that any prime $p$ dividing $k$ also d…
A Butson Hadamard matrix $H$ has entries in the kth roots of unity, and satisfies the matrix equation $HH^{\ast} = nI_{n}$. We write $\mathrm{BH}(n, k)$ for the set of such matrices. A complete morphism of Butson matrices is a map $\mathrm{BH}(n, k) \rightarrow \mathrm{BH}(m, \ell)$. In this paper, we develop a technique for controlling the spectra of certain Hadamard matrices. For each integer $t$, we construct a real Hadamard matrix $H_{t}$ of order $n_{t} = 2^{2^{t-1}-1}$ such that the minimal polynomial of $\frac{1}{\sqrt{n_{t}}}H_{t}$ is the cyclotomic polynomial $Φ_{2^{t+1}}(x)$. Such ma…
A generalisation of bent vectors for Butson Hadamard matrices
本文推广了Butson哈达玛矩阵的bent向量概念，定义了自对偶和共轭自对偶bent向量，利用代数数论证明其阶条件与不存在性结果，通过张量构造等给出例子，并应用于推广Reed-Muller码的非线性码覆盖半径研究。
Construction of Butson matrices using Fourier matrices as input
本文利用傅里叶矩阵作为输入，在$n$和$m$为偶数时，提出了构造$BH(m,(n-1)n)$和$BH(m,(\frac{n}{2}-1)n)$的两种方法，并给出Hadamard矩阵构造的相关结果。
We introduce Hadamard matrices whose entries are quaternionic. We then go on to provide classification of quaternionic Hadamard matrices of circulant core of orders 2 through 5. We also introduce quaternionic Hadamard matrices of Butson type and ways to create quaternionic Hadamard matrices from real and complex Hadamard matrices. Examples are shown that showcase how Hadamard matrices over the quaternions are richer than Hadamard matrices over the complex numbers.
A universal theory of switching for combinatorial objects, and applications to complex Hadamard matrices
本文提出一种通用切换理论，用于生成不同类型的Hadamard矩阵，并探讨了复杂Hadamard矩阵中的贸易概念及开放性问题。
We study the isolated partial Hadamard matrices, under the assumption that the entries are roots of unity, or more generally, under the assumption that the combinatorics comes from vanishing sums of roots of unity. We first review the various conjectures on the subject, and then we present several new results, regarding notably the master Hadamard matrices, and the McNulty-Weigert construction. We discuss then the notion of isolation in some related contexts, of the magic unitary matrices, and of the quantum permutation groups, with a number of conjectures on the subject.
We show the Alon-Tarsi conjecture on Latin squares is equivalent to a very special case of a conjecture made independently by Hadamard and Howe, and to the non-vanishing of some interesting integrals over SU(n). Our investigations were motivated by geometric complexity theory.
Combinatorics of Complex Maximal Determinant Matrices
本论文研究复杂数最大行列式矩阵的构造与性质，探讨了数论工具、Butson型Hadamard矩阵、关联方案及设计理论在隐私保护中的应用。
Robust Hadamard matrices, unistochastic rays in Birkhoff polytope and equi-entangled bases in composite spaces
本文研究了一类特殊的鲁棒Hadamard矩阵，其投影到二维子空间形成Hadamard矩阵。证明了当存在skew Hadamard矩阵时，此类矩阵存在。对于偶数维度n≤20，展示了Birkhoff多面体中任意射线上的双随机矩阵都是unistochastic的，并通过鲁棒Hadamard矩阵构造了具有相同纠缠度的正交基，从而在产品基和最大纠缠基之间进行插值。
We axiomatize and study the matrices of type $H\in M_N(A)$, having unitary entries, $H_{ij}\in U(A)$, and whose rows and columns are subject to orthogonality type conditions. Here $A$ can be any $C^*$-algebra, for instance $A=\mathbb C$, where we obtain the usual complex Hadamard matrices, or $A=C(X)$, where we obtain the continuous families of complex Hadamard matrices. Our formalism allows the construction of a quantum permutation group $G\subset S_N^+$, whose structure and computation is discussed here.
Apportionable matrices and gracefully labelled graphs
本文发起对复矩阵分配问题的研究，揭示了其与图的优美标号等图分解问题的联系，证明了秩一矩阵可酉分配，并给出了矩阵可酉分配的必要条件。
A Complete Classification of Complex Hadamard Matrices of Order Six
本文解决了悬而未决数十年的六阶复阿达马矩阵分类问题，通过有限关联分类方法，补充了Szöllősi扩张方法的全局步骤，为六阶阿达马矩阵及相关领域研究提供了严谨框架。
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