Bao-Dong Sun, Yu-Bing Dong
The $ρ$ meson gravitational form factors are studied based on a light-front constituent quark model which has been successfully employed to calculate its generalized parton distributions and some low-energy observables. The distributions of energy, spin, pressures, and shear forces inside the $ρ$ meson are explicitly given.
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On the basis of the relation between values of the coupling constants determined from data fit it is concluded that the dominating constituent of the $Θ$ meson is the glueball. The possibility that $Θ$ meson decays into two $σ(750)$ mesons is suggested.
In a nonrelativistic constituent quark model we find a constraint on the mixing angle of the strange axial-vector mesons, $35^o\stackrel{<}{\sim } θ_K\stackrel{<}{\sim }55^o,$ determined solely by two parameters: the mass difference of the $a_1$ and $b_1$ mesons and the ratio of the constituent quark masses.
It is shown that for a constituent quark in the intra-nucleon self-consistent field the spin-orbit interaction lowers the quark rest energy to values $\sim100$ MeV, which agrees with the DIS momentum sum rule. The possibility of violation of the spectral condition for the light-cone momentum component of a bound quark is discussed.
We present results for leading-twist azimuthal asymmetries in semi-inclusive lepton-nucleon deep-inelastic scattering due to naively time-reversal odd transverse-momentum dependent parton distribution functions from the light-cone constituent quark model. We carefully discuss the range of applicability of the model, especially with regard to positivity constraints and evolution effects. We find good agreement with available experimental data from COMPASS and HERMES, and present predictions to be tested in forthcoming experiments at Jefferson Lab.
After describing the SU(2) linear sigma model (L$σ$M), we dynamically generate it using the B.W. Lee null tadpole sum (characterizing the true vacuum) together with the dimensional regularization lemma. Next we generate the chiral-limiting (CL) nonstrange and strange constituent quark masses ${\hat m}=325.7$ MeV; $m_s=486$ MeV away from the CL. Finally, we study vector meson dominance (VMD) and the pion, kaon charge radii and the loop-order $ρ\toπγ$, $π^0\toγγ$ amplitudes in the quark model. Lastly, we verify this procedure using tree-order VMD graphs.
On the basis of the mechanism proposed earlier for one-spin asymmetries in inclusive hadron production we consider OZI--suppressed process of $φ$-meson production $pp\rightarrow φX$ and asymmetry $A_N(φ)$ in this process. The main role in generation of this asymmetry belongs to the orbital angular momentum of strange quark-antiquark cloud in internal structure of constituent quarks.
We describe the effective heavy meson lagrangian for S- and P-wave heavy-light mesons in terms of a model based on meson-quark interactions, where mesonic transition amplitudes are represented by diagrams with heavy mesons attached to loops containing heavy and light constituent quarks. The model is relativistic and incorporates the heavy quark symmetries. The universal form factors of the heavy meson transition amplitudes are calculated together with their slopes and compared to existing data and limits. As further applications of the model, strong and radiative decays of D* and B* are consid…
We use the vacuum expectation value of a Wegner-Wilson loop representing a fast moving quark-antiquark pair to derive the light cone Hamiltonian for a $q\bar q$ meson. We solve the corresponding Schrödinger equation for various trial wave functions. The result shows how confinement determines the meson mass and wave function for valence quarks on the light cone. We also parametrize the effect of the spin-dependent splitting for a light meson and charmonium. The correct chiral-symmetry breaking pattern for the pion mass is obtained due to the self-energy of the quark.
Meson decays are considered within the constituent quark model, making use of the dispersion formulation of the model: Starting with spacelike momentum transfers $q$, meson transition form factors are expressed as relativistic invariant double spectral representations over the invariant masses of the initial and final $Q\bar Q$ pairs. The form factors at timelike momentum transfers are obtained by performing the analytical continuation in $q^2$. As a result, the form factors both in the scattering and decay regions are expressed through the light--cone wave functions of the initial and final h…
QCD theory allows the existence of states which cannot be built by the naive quark model; both theoretical arguments and experimental data confirm the hypothesis that gluons may have freedom degrees at the constituent level, and should be confined. In this work, we use a phenomenological potential motivated by QCD (with some relativistic corrections) to determine the masses and the wavefunctions of several hybrid mesons, within the context of a constituent q-qbar-g model. We compare our estimates of the masses with the predictions of other theoretical models and with the observed masses of can…
We evaluate the form factors describing the exclusive decay B-> pi l nu by using a Constituent Quark-Meson model based on an effective quark-meson Lagrangian (CQM). The model allows for an expansion in the pion momenta and we consider terms up to the first order in the pion field derivatives. We compute the leading terms in the soft pion limit and consider corrections to this limit.
We analyze the mixing of the scalar glueball with the scalar-isoscalar quarkonia states above 1 GeV in a non-local covariant constituent approach. Similarities and differences to the point-particle Klein-Gordon limit and to the quantum mechanical case are elaborated. Model predictions for the two-photon decay rates in the covariant mixing scheme are indicated.
The $q\bar q$ spectrum is studied in a generalized constituent quark model constrained in the study of the $NN$ phenomenology and the baryon spectrum. An overall good fit to the available experimental data is obtained. A detailed analysis of all sectors from the light-pseudoscalar and vector mesons to bottomonium is performed paying special attention to the existence and nature of some non well-established states. These results should serve as a complementary tool in distinguishing conventional quark model mesons from glueballs, hybrids or multiquark states.
The electromagnetic form factors of the $ρ$ meson are evaluated adopting a relativistic constituent quark model based on the light-front formalism, and using a meson wave function with the high-momentum tail generated by the one-gluon-exchange interaction. The breakdown of the rotational covariance for the one-body component of the current operator is investigated and the sensitivity of the ratio of the $ρ$-meson form factors to the pion (charge) form factor to the spin-dependent component of the effective $q \bar{q}$ interaction is illustrated.
We base our chiral symmetry approach on the quark-level linear sigma model Lagrangian. Then we review the Nambu--Goldstone theorem with vanishing pi, K, eta_8 masses. Next we dynamically generate the pi, K, eta_8 masses away from the chiral limit. Then we study pion and kaon Goldberger-Treiman relations. Finally we extend this qbarq scheme to scalar and vector mesons. We also show the above qbarq meson scheme fits the higher mass octet baryon qqq pattern as well.
We study $ρ$ meson unpolarized generalized parton distributions based on a light-front constituent quark model where the quark-antiquark-meson vertex is constructed under the symmetric loop momentum convention. The form factors and some other low-energy observables of the $ρ$ meson are calculated. Moreover, the contributions to the form factors and generalized parton distributions from the valence and nonvalence regimes are discussed and analyzed in detail. In the forward limit, the usual structure functions are estimated as well. In addition, by evolving the moments of the obtained structure …
The spin-averaged binding energy and the hyperfine mass splitting of heavy-light mesons are investigated within the constituent quark model as a function of the inverse heavy-quark mass. It is shown that the so-called heavy-quark kinetic energy, -lambda1 / 2mQ, may differ remarkably from the non-relativistic expectation <p**2> / 2mQ, thanks to relativistic effects in the effective interquark potential for heavy-light mesons, which may yield substantial 1 / mQ corrections to the heavy-quark static limit. The determination of the difference of the hadronic parameter lambda1 in the B(u(d)) and B(…
Electromagnetic splittings for mesons and baryons are calculated in a formalism where the constituent quarks are considered as dressed quasiparticles. The electromagnetic interaction, which contains coulomb, contact, and hyperfine terms, is folded with the quark electrical density. Two different types of strong potentials are considered. Numerical treatment is done very carefully and several approximations are discussed in detail. Our model contains only one free parameter and the agreement with experimental data is reasonable although it seems very difficult to obtain a perfect description in…
Unstable molecular state with unstable constituent
基于Bethe-Salpeter理论，在相对论量子场论框架下提出处理含不稳定介子组分的不稳定分子态的方案，通过获取不稳定介子格林函数，成功计算出含不稳定组分的重介子分子态的物理质量与宽度。
The discovery of the $D^\ast_{s0}(2317)$ and $D_{s1}(2460)$ resonances in the charmed-strange meson spectra revealed that formerly successful constituent quark models lose predictability in the vicinity of two-meson thresholds. The emergence of non-negligible effects due to meson loops requires an explicit evaluation of the interplay between $Q\bar q$ and $(Q\bar q)(q\bar q)$ Fock components. In contrast to the $c\bar s$ sector, there is no experimental evidence of $J^P=0^+,1^+$ bottom-strange states yet. Motivated by recent lattice studies, in this work the heavy-quark partners of the $D_{s0}…
We show that energetically favored meson-baryon fluctuations present in the light-cone wave function of a transversely polarized proton can account for the left-right asymmetries measured in inclusive meson production processes.
A formalism for the relativistic description of hadron decays within the constituent quark model is presented. First, hadron amplitudes of the light--cone constituent quark model, in particular the weak transition form factors at spacelike momentum transfers, $q^2\le 0$, are represented in the form of the dispersion integrals over the hadron mass. Second, the form factors at $q^2>0$ are obtained by performing the analytic continuation from the region $q^2<0$. As a result, the transition form factors both in the scattering and the decay regions are expressed through the light--cone wave functio…
A review of light-cone, covariant and gauge-invariant wave-functions of mesons is presented. They are basic non-perturbative objects needed for hard exclusive processes and for the method of light-cone QCD sum rules. The emphasis is on the vector mesons and a new (model-independent) way of computing the mass corrections of vector-meson wave functions is given.
The isoscalar twist-two generalized parton distributions (GPDs) of the pion and the kaon are calculated in a Poincare covariant Bethe-Salpeter constituent quark model. Results are presented for several values of the parameters xi and t. The results satisfy the form factor constraints and the polynomiality condition. For the pion GPD, also the isospin symmetry constraint is fulfilled. The influence of kinematical variables and model parameters on the support of the GPDs is investigated. To this end, the strength parameters and quark masses of the constituent quark model are artificially varied.
In this paper leading twist light cone wave functions of 2S state charmonium mesons are studied and models of these functions are built.
In this letter we present a solution to describe simultaneously the light isoscalar and isovector vector mesons in constituent quark models. In Ref. [1] the $q\bar q$ spectrum was studied in a generalized constituent quark model constrained by the $NN$ phenomenology and the baryon spectrum. An overall good fit to the available experimental data was obtained. A major problem of this description was the relative position of the vector $ω$ and $ρ$ mesons. The present results improve the description of the isoscalar meson spectroscopy. They should serve as a step forward in distinguishing conventi…
The electromagnetic form factor of the eta meson is studied using the Light Cone QCD sum rules approach taking in to account higher twists contributions and SU(3) flavor symmetry breaking effects.
We consider a simplified constituent model for relativistic strong-interaction decays of hybrid mesons. The model is constructed using rules of renormalization group procedure for effective particles in light-front quantum field theory, which enables us to introduce low-energy phenomenological parameters. Boost covariance is kinematical and special relativity constraints are reduced to the requirements of rotational symmetry. For a hybrid meson decaying into two mesons through dissociation of a constituent gluon into a quark-anti-quark pair, the simplified constituent model leads to a rotation…
We present a study of light-cone distribution amplitudes of the light $1^1P_1$ mesons. The first few Gegenbauer moments of leading twist light-cone distribution amplitudes are calculated by using the QCD sum rule technique.
We study on-shell decays of light vector meson resonances $ρ$, $K^*$ and $ϕ$ in the framework of chiral constituent quark model using resummation calculations. Such studies are necessary for showing that chiral dynamics works well at this energy scale. The effective action is derived by proper vertex method, where resummation of all orders of momentum expansion is accomplished. The loop effects of pseudoscalar meson are also taken into account, which play an important role at this energy scale. The numerical results agree well with the experimental data. A new method to explore the Chiral Symm…
The transition form factors describing the semileptonic decays of heavy pseudoscalar mesons are investigated within a relativistic constituent quark model formulated on the light-front. For the first time, the form factors are calculated in the whole accessible kinematical region, adopting meson wave functions derived from various effective $q \bar{q}$ interactions able to describe the meson mass spectra. It is shown that the decay rates of the $B \to D \ell ν_{\ell}$, $D \to K \ell ν_{\ell}$ and $D \to π\ell ν_{\ell}$ weak decays are mainly governed by the effects of the confinement scale, wh…
The hybrid meson is one of the most interesting new hadron specie beyond the naive quark model. It acquire a great attention both from the theoretical and experimental efforts. Many good candidates have been claimed to be observed, but there is no absolute confirmation about existence of hybrid mesons. In the present work we propose new calculations of the masses and decay widths of the hybrid mesons in the context of constituent gluon model.
In order to investigate the tomographical structure of light pseudoscalar mesons, particularly, pion and kaon, we study the valence quark distribution function (PDF) and the generalized parton distributions (GPDs) using light-cone quark model (LCQM).
Using the recent results for the two-parton light-cone distribution amplitudes of the tensor meson, we calculate the form factors for the decays of $B_{u,d,s}$ into the light $J^{PC}=2^{++}$ tensor mesons via the vector/axial-vector/tensor current with the light-cone sum rules. We also obtain the $q^2$-dependence of the form factors.
I describe a model for heavy meson decays based on an effective quark-meson lagrangian. I consider the heavy mesons S with spin and parity J^P=(1+,0+), H with J^P=(1-,0-) and T^mu with J^P=(2+,1+), i.e. S and P wave heavy-light mesons. The model is constrained by the known symmetries of QCD in the mQ -> infinity limit for the heavy quarks, and chiral symmetry in the light quark sector. Using a very limited number of free parameters it is possible to compute several phenomenological quantities, e.g. the leptonic B and B** decay constants; the three universal Isgur-Wise form factors: xi, tau(3/2…
The magnetic and quadrupole moments of the light-vector and axial-vector mesons are calculated in the light cone QCD sum rules. Our results for the static properties of these mesons are compared with the predictions of lattice QCD as well as other approaches existing in the literature.
The chiral symmetry is applied to an extended constituent quark potential model. With random phase approximation (RPA), the model comprises sea quark excitations. To obtain the pseudoscalar $π$ meson as a Goldstone boson, the quark effective potentials are modified in the model to account for the dynamical breaking of chiral symmetry. Also the vector $ρ$ meson is calculated and the KSRF relation about $π$ and $ρ$ meson decay constants is derived in the model.
Recently, LHCb Collaboration announced the discovery of radial excitations of $D_s$ and $B_s$ mesons. In present work, we calculate the most promising strong and electromagnetic decay widths of radially excited $D_s(2S)$ and $B_s(2S)$ mesons within the light cone QCD sum rules method.
The magnetic moment $μ$ of the "rho" meson is studied in QCD light cone sum rules, and it is found that "mu = (2.3 pm 0.5)". A comparison of our result on the magnetic moment of the "rho" meson with the predictions of the other approaches, is presented.
Hadronic interactions are discussed within the context of the constituent quark model. The "Quark Born Diagram" methodology is outlined, extensive applications to meson-meson and meson-baryon interactions are discussed, and general features of these interactions are highlighted. The second half of this document deals with shortcomings of the quark model approach and methods to overcome them. These include relativistic kinematics, unitarity, nonlocal potentials, coupled channel effects, and the chiral nature of the pion.
To appear in the proceedings of The Phenomenology of Large N(c) QCD, Tempe, Arizona, 9-11 Jan 2002.
Using constituent quark model constraints we calculate the gluon and sea content of pions solely in terms of their valence density and the known sea and gluon densities of the nucleon. The resulting small-x predictions for g^{pi}(x,Q^2) and \bar{q}^{pi}(x,Q^2) are unique and parameter free, being entirely due to QCD dynamics. Similar ideas are applied for calculating the gluon and sea content of kaons which, for our suggested choice of the kaon's valence densities, turn out to be identical to the ones of the pion.
This paper is devoted to the study of leading twist light cone wave functions of J/Psi meson. The moments of these wave functions have been calculated within three approaches: potential models, nonrelativistic QCD and QCD sum rules. Using the results obtained within these approaches the models for the light cone wave functions of leading twist have been proposed. Similarly to the wave function of eta_c meson the leading twist light cone wave functions of J/Psi meson have very interesting properties at scales greater than m_c: improvement of the accuracy of the model, appearance of relativistic…
The idea of the meson cloud approach in the chiral quark model has been extended to include gluon cloud in order to achieve the parton densities in the nucleon, based on the constitute quark framework. The splitting function of the quark to the quark-meson and quark-gluon at low $Q^2$ value are used to obtain parton densities in the constituent quark. The phenomenological constituent model is employed to extract the parton distributions in the proton at low $Q^2$ value. Since we have access to the parton densities at low $Q^2$, we are able to obtain $F_{2}(x,Q^2)$ structure function at low $Q^…
I present some recent applications of a light cone QCD-inspired model with the mass squared operator consisting of a harmonic oscillator potential as confinement in the meson spectra. The model gives an universal and satisfactory description of both singlet and triplet states of S-wave mesons. In the present work P-wave D_s mesons are also investigated. The mass of the recently found meson, D_s(2317) is reproduced fairly well by this simple model.
The Heat Kernel Method is applied to the constituent quark model. We calculate the effect of thermal quark fluctuations on the meson action and the resulting quark condensate and pi pi-scattering amplitude at finite temperature. The quarks produce a chiral phase transition only by their effect on the mesonic coupling constants. The s-wave isospin zero pi pi-scattering amplitude diverges near the phase transition showing the necessity for a more sophisticated treatment of meson fluctuations.
We describe a representation of the leading B-meson light-cone distribution amplitude in heavy-quark effective theory based on the eigenfunctions of its anomalous dimension kernel. In this representation (called the dual LCDA) different dual momenta no longer mix under renormalization. We discuss the perturbative and non-perturbative nature of different regions in this space.
The renormalized contribution of fermions to the curvature masses of vector and axial-vector mesons is derived with two different methods at leading order in the loop expansion applied to the (2+1)-flavor constituent quark-meson model. The corresponding contribution to the curvature masses of the scalar and pseudoscalar mesons, already known in the literature, is rederived in a transparent way. The temperature dependence of the curvature mass of various (axial-)vector modes obtained by decomposing the curvature mass tensor is investigated along with the (axial-)vector--(pseudo)scalar mixing. A…
We compute the distribution amplitudes of the pion and kaon in the light-front constituent quark model with the symmetric quark-bound state vertex function. In the calculation we explicitly include the flavor-SU(3) symmetry breaking effect in terms of the constituent quark masses of the up (down) and strange quarks. To calculate the kaon parton distribution functions~(PDFs), we use both the conditions in the light-cone wave function, i.e., when $\bar{s}$ quark is on-shell, and when $u$ quark is on-shell, and make a comparison between them. The kaon PDFs calculated in the two different conditio…
The radiative transition form factors of the pseudoscalar mesons {$π$, $η$, $η'$} and the vector mesons {$ρ$, $ω$, $ϕ$} are restudied with $π$-$η$-$η'$ and $ρ$-$ω$-$ϕ$ in tri-meson-mixing pattern, which is described by tri-mixing matrices in the light-cone constituent quark model. The experimental transition decay widths are better reproduced with tri-meson-mixing than previous results in a two-mixing-angle scenario of only two-meson $η$-$η'$ mixing and $ω$-$ϕ$ mixing.
We present a brief survey of some results on electroweak properties of composite systems that are obtained in the frameworks of our version of the instant form of relativistic quantum mechanics (RQM). Our approach describes well the $π$- and the $ρ$- mesons in wide range of momentum transfers $Q^{2}$. At large $Q^{2}$ the obtained pion form factor asymptotics coincides with that of QCD predictions. The method permits to perform analytic continuation of pion form factor to complex plane of momentum transfers that is in accordance with predictions of quantum field theory.
We probe effects of the partial chiral symmetry restoration to the mass of heavy-light mesons in a constituent quark model by changing the constituent quark mass of the light quark. Due to the competing effect between the quark mass and the linearly rising potential, whose contribution to the energy increases as the quark mass decreases, the heavy-light meson mass has a minimum value near the constituent quark mass typically used in the vacuum. Hence, the meson mass increases as one decreases the constituent quark mass consistent with recent QCD sum rule analyses, which show an increasing $D$ …
We discuss the B-meson light-cone wavefunction relevant for QCD factorization approach for exclusive B-meson decays. We derive the operator product expansion for the B-meson light-cone wavefunction, taking into account the local composite operators of dimension less than 6 and calculating the radiative corrections at order α_s for the corresponding Wilson coefficients. The result embodies peculiar UV and IR behaviors of the B-meson light-cone wavefunction, the Sudakov-type double logarithmic effects and the mixing of the multiparticle states with additional gluons inside the B meson. The forme…
The magnetic dipole moments of the light tensor mesons $f_2$, $a_2$ and strange $K_2^{\ast 0} (1430)$ tensor meson are calculated in the framework of the light cone QCD sum rules. It is observed that the values of the magnetic dipole moment for the charged tensor particles are considerably different from zero. These values are very close to zero for the light neutral $f_2$ and $a_2$ tensor mesons, while it has a small nonzero value for the neutral strange $K_2^{\ast 0} (1430)$ tensor meson.
Strong decay constants of the heavy tensor to heavy pseudoscalar (vector) and light pseudoscalar mesons are estimated within the light cone QCD sum rules. It is obtained that the values of these coupling constants are very strongly dependent on the choice of the Lorentz structure. Moreover, using these strong coupling constants the corresponding decay widths are calculated.
We present a systematic study of the B meson light-cone wavefunctions in QCD in the heavy-quark limit. We construct model-independent formulae for the light-cone wavefunctions in terms of independent dynamical degrees of freedom, which exactly satisfy the QCD equations of motion and constraints from heavy-quark symmetry. The results demonstrate novel behaviors of longitudinal as well as transverse momentum distribution in the B mesons.
The transition form factors of the radiative decays of the heavy tensor mesons to heavy pseudoscalar and heavy vector mesons are calculated in the framework of the light cone QCD sum rules method at the point $Q^2=0$. Using the obtained values of the transition form factors at the point $Q^2=0$ the corresponding decay widths are estimated. The results show that the radiative decays of the heavy--light tensor mesons can be measurable in the future planned experiments at LHCb.
New sum rules for $B\to π,K $ and $B\to ρ,K^*$ form factors are derived from the correlation functions expanded near the light-cone in terms of B-meson distribution amplitudes. The contributions of quark-antiquark and quark-antiquark-gluon components in the B meson are taken into account. Models for the B-meson three-particle distribution amplitudes are suggested, based on QCD sum rules in HQET. Employing the new light-cone sum rules we calculate the form factors at small momentum transfers, including $SU(3)_{fl}$ violation effects. The results agree with the predictions of the conventional li…
This paper is devoted to the study of leading twist light cone wave function of $η_c$ meson. The moments of this wave function have been calculated within three approaches: potential models, nonrelativistic QCD and QCD sum rules. Using the results obtained within these approaches the model for the light cone wave function of leading twist has been proposed. Being scale dependent light cone wave function has very interesting properties at scales $μ> m_c$: improvement of the accuracy of the model, appearance of relativistic tail and violation of nonrelativistic QCD velocity scaling rules. The la…
We investigate the meson, baryon and anti-baryon productions in πp and Kp collisions in terms of a constituent cascade model which includes charm flavour. The constituent diquark in an incident baryon has a tendency to get a large momentum fraction, resulting in considerable difference of subenergies for particle productions from quark-diquark and quark-antiquark chains in a meson-baryon collision. As a consequence, the leading particle effects on D meson productions are expected to be quite different in π+ and π- beams at present accelerator energies.
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