Nikos Irges, Fotis Koutroulis, Dimosthenis Theofilopoulos
We present a systematic derivation of the form of correlators of N operators in a Conformal Field Theory in d>2 dimensions and the exchange-symmetry constraints that the functions of the dimensionless cross-ratios obey for N>3.
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Conformal correlator systems
本文提出共形关联子系统，以描述临界统计模型中非CFT的共形协变关联子，其N点函数由4点决定，并构造了满足单值性约束的实例。
Using the proposed AdS/CFT correspondence, we calculate the correlators of operators of conformal field theory at the boundary of AdS$_{d+1}$ corresponding to the sine-Gordon model in the bulk.
Recently, spin-one wavefunctions in four dimensions that are conformal primaries of the Lorentz group SL(2,C) were constructed. We compute low-point, tree-level gluon scattering amplitudes in the space of these conformal primary wavefunctions. The answers have the same conformal covariance as correlators of spin-one primaries in a 2d CFT. The BCFW recursion relation between three- and four-point gluon amplitudes is recast into this conformal basis.
The generalized Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equations of irrational conformal field theory provide a uniform description of rational and irrational conformal field theory. Starting from the known high-level solution of these equations, we first construct the high-level conformal blocks and correlators of all the affine-Sugawara and coset constructions on simple g. Using intuition gained from these cases, we then identify a simple class of irrational processes whose high-level blocks and correlators we are also able to construct.
We show how logarithmic terms may arise in the correlators of fields which belong to the representation of the Schrodinger-Virasoro algebra (SV) or the affine Galilean Conformal Algebra (GCA). We show that in GCA, only scaling operator can have a Jordanian form and rapidity can not. We observe that in both algebras logarithmic dependence appears along the time direction alone.
From chiral to conformal anomalies: a double copy perspective for CFT correlators
该研究揭示四维共形场论中手征与共形反常的双重拷贝关系，通过关联函数和平直空间极限的延伸，建立两者结构间的直接联系。
Neural Networks Reveal a Universal Bias in Conformal Correlators
神经网络通过交叉对称性训练可高精度重构共形相关子，其输入仅需外部标度维数、能谱间隙及单一点的相关子值，揭示了梯度基神经网络的谱偏差与共形场论内在平滑性关联，提出新的变分原理。
Correlators of Line Defect and Local Operator in Conformal Field Theories with a Slightly Broken Higher-Spin Symmetry
本文利用轻微破缺高自旋对称性自举三维大 N 共形场论中的局域算符—线缺陷关联函数，并在准费米子理论中显式求出守恒流与高自旋流的相关结果。
We revisit the calculation of holographic correlators in $AdS_3$. We develop new methods to evaluate exchange Witten diagrams, resolving some technical difficulties that prevent a straightforward application of the methods used in higher dimensions. We perform detailed calculations in the $AdS_3 \times S^3 \times K3$ background. We find strong evidence that four-point tree-level correlators of KK modes of the tensor multiplets enjoy a hidden 6d conformal symmetry. The correlators can all be packaged into a single generating function, related to the 6d flat space superamplitude. This generalize…
We use the correspondence between scalar field theory on $AdS_{d+1}$ and a conformal field theory on $R^d$ to calculate the 3- and 4-point functions of the latter. The classical scalar field theory action is evaluated at tree level.
We consider the free field approach or bosonization technique for the Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten model with arbitrary Kac-Moody algebra on Riemann surface of genus zero. This subject was much studied previously, and the paper can be partially taken as a brief survey. The way to obtain well-known Schechtman-Varchenko solutions of the Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equations as certain correlators in free chiral theory is revisited. This gives rise to simple description of space of the WZNW conformal blocks. The general $N$-point correlators of the model are constructed from the conformal blocks using n…
We study correlators of four protected (half-BPS) operators in strongly coupled supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. These are dual to tree-level supergravity amplitudes on AdS${}_5\times$S${}_5$ for various spherical harmonics on the five-sphere. We use conformal field theory methods, in particular a recently obtained Lorentzian inversion formula, to analytically bootstrap these correlators. The extracted $1/N^2$ double-trace anomalous dimensions confirm a simple pattern recently conjectured by Aprile, Drummond, Heslop and Paul. We explain this pattern by an unexpected ten-dimensional conformal …
We use the AdS/CFT correspondence to calculate CFT correlation functions of vector and spinor fields. The connection between the AdS and boundary fields is properly treated via a Dirichlet boundary value problem.
Conformal dispersion relation for mixed correlators
本文针对任意共形场论的标量四点混合关联函数推导位置空间色散关系，解析得到形式简洁的Appell函数色散核，完成数值校验并证明其与Mellin振幅柯西型色散关系等价。
We develop the embedding formalism for conformal field theories, aimed at doing computations with symmetric traceless operators of arbitrary spin. We use an index-free notation where tensors are encoded by polynomials in auxiliary polarization vectors. The efficiency of the formalism is demonstrated by computing the tensor structures allowed in n-point conformal correlation functions of tensors operators. Constraints due to tensor conservation also take a simple form in this formalism. Finally, we obtain a perfect match between the number of independent tensor structures of conformal correlato…
In the context of higher-spin holography, we compare the classification of cubic interaction vertices for higher-spin gravity theories in three dimensions to the possible three-point correlation functions of conserved higher-spin currents in two-dimensional conformal field theories. In both cases, the allowed structures are governed by triangle inequalities for the involved spins. It is established that higher-order correlators satisfy similar polygon inequalities and that the same inequalities are valid for higher-order continuations of cubic vertices in the three-dimensional higher-spin grav…
Amplitude Basis for Conformal Correlators
本文提出与高维散射振幅平行的共形三点张量结构分类，利用权重移动算子构造振幅基，并应用于四点函数共形块展开，助力共形自举与AdS计算。
We introduce simple group-theoretic techniques for classifying conformally-invariant tensor-structures. With them, we classify tensor structures of general n-point functions of non-conserved operators, and $n\geq 4$-point functions of general conserved currents, with or without permutation symmetries, and in any spacetime dimension d. (The case n=3 for conserved operators will appear in subsequent work.) Our techniques are useful for bootstrap applications. The rules we derive simultaneously count tensor structures for flat-space scattering amplitudes in d+1 dimensions.
Conformal blocks from celestial graviton amplitudes
本文提出一种解析的天体引力子关联函数，通过计算含影子算符的四点关联函数并进行共形块分解，反演求得单值天体引力子振幅，发现其具有双拷贝结构。
Conformal Correlators on the Lorentzian Torus
本文推导了洛伦兹环面 $\mathcal{LT}^2$ 上2点和3点CFT关联函数的普遍形式，揭示了其丰富的结构，并为天体全息与天体CFT研究提供了理论基础。
Heavy-heavy-light-light (HHLL) correlators of pairwise identical scalars in CFTs with a large central charge in any number of dimensions admit a double scaling limit where the ratio of the heavy conformal dimension to the central charge becomes large as the separation between the light operators becomes null. In this limit the stress tensor sector of a generic HHLL correlator receives contributions from the multi stress tensor operators with any number of stress tensors, as long as their twist is not increased by index contractions. We show how one can compute this leading twist stress tensor …
Irrational conformal field theory (ICFT) includes rational conformal field theory as a small subspace, and the affine-Virasoro Ward identities describe the biconformal correlators of ICFT. We reformulate the Ward identities as an equivalent linear partial differential system with flat connections and new non-local conserved quantities. As examples of the formulation, we solve the system of flat connections for the coset correlators, the correlators of the affine-Sugawara nests and the high-level $n$-point correlators of ICFT.
Conformality of non-conformal correlators
本文证明庞加莱不变量子场论的位置空间关联函数可改写为共形不变关联函数，并将无质量场关联函数表示为高一阶点相互作用的共形关联函数的软极限，从而为若干费曼图求得精确结果。
We compute conformal correlation functions with spinor, tensor, and spinor-tensor primary fields in general dimensions with Euclidean and Lorentzian metrics. The spinors are taken to be Dirac spinors, which exist for any dimensions. For this, the embedding space formalism is employed and the polarisation spinors are introduced to simplify the computations. Three-point functions are rewritten in terms of differential operators acting on scalar-scalar-tensor correlation functions. This enables us to determine conformal blocks for four-point functions with scalar and spinor fields by acting the d…
We study tree-level celestial amplitudes in Yang-Mills theory -- Mellin transforms of multi-gluon scattering amplitudes that convert them into the correlators of conformal primary fields on two-dimensional celestial sphere. By using purely field-theoretical methods, we show that the soft conformal limit of celestial amplitudes, in which one of the primary field operators associated to gauge bosons becomes a dimension one current, is dominated by the contributions of low-energy soft particles. This result confirms conclusions reached by using Yang-Mills theory formulated in curvilinear coordina…
In this note we study the possible connection between functions appearing in diagrammatic expansion and the conformal correlator expansion. To study the connection we propose a generating function which can be expanded to construct a basis. This basis can be utilized to expand, I) the four point function of scalars near the Wilson-Fisher fixed point in $d=4-ε$ as in \cite{Alday:2017zzv} and II) integrals for loop diagrams for massless $ϕ^4$ theory in position space in four dimensions. This suggests that a linear combination of one expansion can be recast in terms of a linear combination of the…
Carrollian conformal correlators and massless scattering amplitudes
本文分类任意维度无质量粒子理论中 $\mathcal{I}$ 上 Carrollian 共形场的二、三点关联函数，并证明其可由 Minkowski 体相关联函数在零无穷远约化得到，且后代场关联函数正则并编码 S 矩阵元。
We study the two-point correlation functions of chiral/anti-chiral operators in $N=2$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories on $R^4$ with gauge group SU(N) and $N_f$ massless hypermultiplets in the fundamental representation. We compute them in perturbation theory, using dimensional regularization up to two loops, and show that field-theory observables built out of dimensionless ratios of two-point renormalized correlators on $R^4$ are in perfect agreement with the same quantities computed using localization on the four-sphere, even in the non-conformal case $N_f\not=2N$.
We show how conformal partial waves (or conformal blocks) of spinor/tensor correlators can be related to each other by means of differential operators in four dimensional conformal field theories. We explicitly construct such differential operators for all possible conformal partial waves associated to four-point functions of arbitrary traceless symmetric operators. Our method allows any conformal partial wave to be extracted from a few "seed" correlators, simplifying dramatically the computation needed to bootstrap tensor correlators.
Unitary conformal field theories (CFTs) are believed to have positive (non-negative) energy correlators. Energy correlators are universal observables in higher-dimensional CFTs built out of integrated Wightman functions of the stress-energy tensor. We analyze energy correlators in parity invariant four-dimensional CFTs. The goal is to use the positivity of energy correlators to further constrain unitary CFTs. It is known that the positivity of the simplest one-point energy correlator implies that 1/3 <= a/c <= 31/18 where a and c are the Weyl anomaly coefficients. We use the positivity of high…
In this talk, I will review the foundations of irrational conformal field theory (ICFT), which includes rational conformal field theory as a small subspace. Highlights of the review include the Virasoro master equation, the Ward identities for the correlators of ICFT and solutions of the Ward identities. In particular, I will discuss the solutions for the correlators of the $g/h$ coset constructions and the correlators of the affine-Sugawara nests on $g\supset h_1 \supset \ldots \supset h_n$. Finally, I will discuss the recent global solution for the correlators of all the ICFT's in the master…
In a recent paper, here referred to as part I, we considered the celestial four-gluon amplitude with one gluon represented by the shadow transform of the corresponding primary field operator. This correlator is ill-defined because it contains branch points related to the presence of conformal blocks with complex spin. In this work, we adopt a procedure similar to minimal models and construct a single-valued completion of the shadow correlator, in the limit when the shadow is "soft." By following the approach of Dotsenko and Fateev, we obtain an integral representation of such a single-valued c…
We derive explicit expressions for the conformal blocks of the Ising conformal field theory, for the correlators of an arbitrary number of primary fields. These results are obtained from the bosonized description of the Ising model. Interestingly, correlators involving Majorana fermions, can be obtained in two different ways, giving rise to identities between the `bosonic' and `fermionic' description of these correlators. These identities are generalizations of the famous Cauchy-identity. The conformal blocks of the Ising model are used to derive expression for the conformal blocks of the su(2…
Heavy holographic correlators in defect conformal field theories
本文研究了通过底部向上方法双射于探测膜的缺陷共形场论，计算了强耦合下重标量算子的一阶和二阶函数，并利用测地近似计算反射二阶函数及环境和缺陷通道二阶函数，结果与OPE和BOE一致。
In this paper, we study the real-time correlators in Kerr/CFT, in the low frequency limit of generic non-extremal Kerr(-Newman) black holes. From the low frequency scattering of Kerr-Newman black holes, we show that for the uncharged scalar scattering, there exists hidden conformal symmetry on the solution space. Similar to Kerr case, this suggests that the Kerr-Newman black hole is dual to a two-dimensional CFT with central charges $c_L=c_R=12J$ and temperatures $T_L=\frac{(r_++r_-)-Q^2/M}{4πa}, T_R=\frac{r_+-r_-}{4πa}$. Using the Minkowski prescription, we compute the real-time correlators o…
We consider correlation functions in symmetric product ($S_N$) orbifold CFTs at large $N$ with arbitrary seed CFT. Specifically, we consider correlators of descendant operators constructed using both the full Virasoro generators $L_{m}$ and fractional Virasoro generators $\ell_{m/n_i}$. Using covering space techniques, we show that correlators of descendants may be written entirely in terms of correlators of ancestors, and further that the appropriate set of ancestors are those operators that lift to conformal primaries on the cover. We argue that the covering space data should cancel out in s…
We define Mellin amplitudes for the fermion-scalar four point function and the fermion four point function. The Mellin amplitude thus defined has multiple components each associated with a tensor structure. In the case of three spacetime dimensions, we explicitly show that each component factorizes on dynamical poles onto components of the Mellin amplitudes for the corresponding three point functions. The novelty here is that for a given exchanged primary, each component of the Mellin amplitude may in general have more than one series of poles. We present a few examples of Mellin amplitudes fo…
Conformal `anomalies' and renormalized stress-tensor correlators for non-conformal theories
本文针对四维四次自相互作用标量场，检验 Duff 对非共形理论 Weyl 反常的定义，指出原正规化方案在两圈阶不有限，并提出基于重整化期望值的替代方案。
We comment on a program designed for the study of local chiral algebras and their representations in 2D conformal field theory. Based on the algebraic approach described by W. Nahm, this program efficiently calculates arbitrary n-point functions of these algebras. The program is designed such that calculations involving e.g. current algebras, W-algebras and N-Superconformal algebras can be performed. As a non-trivial application we construct an extension of the Virasoro algebra by two fields with spin four and six using the N=1-Super-Virasoro algebra.
We study one and two point functions of conformal field theories on spaces of maximal symmetry with and without boundaries and investigate their spectral representations. Integral transforms are found, relating the spectral decomposition to renormalized position space correlators. Several applications are presented, including the holographic boundary CFTs as well as spacelike boundary CFTs, which provide realizations of the pseudo-conformal universe.
We give an explicit description of "bundles of conformal blocks" in Wess-Zumino-Witten models of Conformal field theory and prove that integral representations of Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equations constructed earlier by the second and third authors are in fact sections of these bundles.
Conformal Partial Wave Expansion of Celestial Correlators
本文证明闵可夫斯基空间天球关联函数在微扰论中具有亚纯谱密度的共形分波展开，并通过将AdS谱分解推广到Feynman传播子，研究了接触图与树级交换图的共形块展开，发现无质量标量场情形下树级交换图由有限个共形块之和给出。
Graph theoretical approach to conformal correlators: The conformal squid
本文提出用离散图论方法研究共形场论关联函数，通过引入鱿鱼基和鱿鱼图，将N个标量算符的关联函数表示为共形协变度规的行列式，并探讨其对约束共形数据的意义。
We study the logarithmic conformal field theories in which conformal weights are continuous subset of real numbers. A general relation between the correlators consisting of logarithmic fields and those consisting of ordinary conformal fields is investigated. As an example the correlators of the Coulomb-gas model are explicitly studied.
The onset of quantum chaos in quantum field theory may be studied using out-of-time-order correlators at finite temperature. Recent work argued that a timescale logarithmic in the central charge emerged in the context of two-dimensional conformal field theories, provided the intermediate channel was dominated by the Virasoro identity block. This suggests a wide class of conformal field theories exhibit a version of fast scrambling. In the present work we study this idea in more detail. We begin by clarifying to what extent correlators of wavepackets built out of superpositions of primary opera…
In celestial holography, four-dimensional scattering amplitudes are considered as two-dimensional conformal correlators of a putative two-dimensional celestial conformal field theory (CCFT). The simplest way of converting momentum space amplitudes into CCFT correlators is by taking their Mellin transforms with respect to light-cone energies. For massless particles, like gluons, however, such a construction leads to three-point and four-point correlators that vanish everywhere except for a measure zero hypersurface of celestial coordinates. This is due to the four-dimensional momentum conservat…
Neural Spectral Bias and Conformal Correlators I: Introduction and Applications
本文展示简单前馈神经网络能准确计算线上的共形场论关联函数，仅通过优化交叉对称性和提供关键参数即可在几百分内重建目标物理关联函数，方法在多种理论和维度中均表现出鲁棒性。
Momentum space CFT correlators of non-conserved spinning operators
本文研究动量空间中涉及非守恒自旋算符的三点共形场论关联函数，推导一般共形 Ward 恒等式，给出自旋1和2情形的显式表达式，并系统分析共形维度重合时的发散结构。
The affine-Virasoro Ward identities are a system of non-linear differential equations which describe the correlators of all affine-Virasoro constructions, including rational and irrational conformal field theory. We study the Ward identities in some detail, with several central results. First, we solve for the correlators of the affine-Sugawara nests, which are associated to the nested subgroups $g\supset h_1 \supset \ldots \supset h_n$. We also find an equivalent algebraic formulation which allows us to find global solutions across the set of all affine-Virasoro constructions. A particular gl…
Using the conformal embedding on the torus, we can express some characters of $SU(3)_3$ in terms of $SO(8)_1$ characters. Then with the help of crossing symmetry, modular transformation and factorization properties of Green functions, we will calculate a class of correlators of $SU(3)_3$ on arbitrary Riemann surfaces. This method can apply to all $k>1$ WZW models which can be conformally embedded in some $k=1$ WZW models.
We compute three-point correlation functions in the near-extremal, near-horizon region of a Kerr black hole, and compare to the corresponding finite-temperature conformal field theory correlators. For simplicity, we focus on scalar fields dual to operators ${\cal O}_h$ whose conformal dimensions obey $h_3=h_1+h_2$, which we name \emph{extremal} in analogy with the classic $AdS_5 \times S^5$ three-point function in the literature. For such extremal correlators we find perfect agreement with the conformal field theory side, provided that the coupling of the cubic interaction contains a vanishing…
We calculate a set of conformal correlators in the critical $O(N)$ vector model in $2<d<6$ dimensions. We focus on the correlators involving the Hubbard-Stratonovich field $s$, and its composite form $s^2$. In the process, we report a number of new calculations of diagrams involving the composite $s^2$ operator. Through the calculation of the $\langle s^2s^2s\rangle$ three-point function, we shed new light on a conjectured $s\rightarrow -s$ symmetry in the $s$ sector of the critical $O(N)$ vector model in $d=3$.
We consider conformal N=2 super Yang-Mills theories with gauge group SU(N) and Nf=2N fundamental hypermultiplets in presence of a circular 1/2-BPS Wilson loop. It is natural to conjecture that the matrix model which describes the expectation value of this system also encodes the one-point functions of chiral scalar operators in presence of the Wilson loop. We obtain evidence of this conjecture by successfully comparing, at finite N and at the two-loop order, the one-point functions computed in field theory with the vacuum expectation values of the corresponding normal-ordered operators in the …
We provide strong evidence that all tree-level 4-point holographic correlators in AdS$_3 \times S^3$ are constrained by a hidden 6D conformal symmetry. This property has been discovered in the AdS$_5 \times S^5$ context and noticed in the tensor multiplet subsector of the AdS$_3 \times S^3$ theory. Here we extend it to general AdS$_3 \times S^3$ correlators which contain also the chiral primary operators of spin zero and one that sit in the gravity multiplet. The key observation is that the 6D conformal primary field associated with these operators is not a scalar but a self-dual $3$-form prim…
We present a compact formula in Mellin space for the four-point tree-level holographic correlators of chiral primary operators of arbitrary conformal weights in $(2,0)$ supergravity on $AdS_3 \times S^3$, with two operators in tensor multiplet and the other two in gravity multiplet. This is achieved by solving the recursion relation arising from a hidden six-dimensional conformal symmetry. We note the compact expression is obtained after carefully analysing the analytic structures of the correlators. Various limits of the correlators are studied, including the maximally R-symmetry violating li…
Non-conformal Line Defect (Shell Operator) in AdS$_3$/CFT$_2$: Spinning and Higher Point Correlators
本文将 AdS$_3$/CFT$_2$ 中薄壳缺陷的混沌匹配推广至旋转缺陷两点函数与多标量缺陷高点函数，并用引力在壳作用量验证精确一致。
Carrollian Conformal Theories in Momentum Space
本文研究了动量空间中Carrollian共形理论的2和3点函数，探讨了其在不同共形维度下的对数行为及Carrollian极限下的特性。
We analyse the flat space limit of 3-point correlators in momentum space for general conformal field theories in even spacetime dimensions, and show they exhibit a double copy structure similar to that found in odd dimensions. In even dimensions, the situation is more complicated because correlators contain branch cuts and divergences which need to be renormalised. We describe the analytic continuation of momenta required to extract the flat space limit, and show that the flat space limit is encoded in the leading singularity of a 1-loop triangle integral which serves as a master integral for …
An important part of a CFT four-point function, the stress tensor sector, comprises the exchanges of the stress tensor and its composites. The OPE coefficients of these multi-stress tensor operators and consequently, the complete stress tensor sector of four-point functions in CFTs with a large central charge, can be determined by computing a heavy-heavy-light-light correlator. We show how one can make substantial progress in this direction by bootstrapping a certain ansatz for the stress tensor sector of the correlator, iteratively computing the OPE coefficients of multi-stress tensor operato…
It was recently shown that IIB supergravity on AdS$_5\times$S$^5$ enjoys 10d conformal symmetry and that superstring theory on this background can be described using a 10d scalar effective field theory. In this paper we adapt these two complementary approaches to correlators of hypermultiplets in AdS$_2\times$S$^2$. In particular, we show that 4-point correlators of $1/2$-BPS operators in the 1d boundary can be computed using 4d conformal symmetry and a 4d effective action in the bulk. The 4d conformal symmetry is realised by acting with Casimirs of $SU(1,1|2)$, and is generically broken by hi…
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