arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2001.06224astro-ph.EPastro-ph.GAastro-ph.SR
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在高质量恒星周围的盘中更倾向于碎裂

Fragmentation favoured in discs around higher mass stars

James Cadman, Ken Rice, Cassandra Hall, Thomas J. Haworth, Beth Biller

摘要:

我们研究了原行星盘对引力不稳定性和碎片的敏感性如何取决于其宿主恒星的质量。我们使用1D光盘模型结合3D SPH模拟,以确定临界盘星质量比,在该光盘变得不稳定的碎片,发现光盘变得越来越容易受到自引力的影响,因为我们增加了主机恒星的质量。稳定性的实际极限对盘的温度很敏感,所以如果盘是光学薄的,恒星辐射可以显着稳定盘对抗引力不稳定性。然而,即使是这种情况,我们发现$2$ M $_{\odot}$恒星周围的圆盘也容易碎裂,这将产生宽轨道的巨行星和棕矮星。这项工作的结果是双重的:低质量的恒星原则上可以支持高的盘星质量比,而更高质量的恒星具有更容易碎裂的盘,这与有利于高质量恒星周围的高质量宽轨道行星的观测结果在质量上是一致的。我们还发现,这些行星的初始质量取决于在大半径的光盘,这本身取决于恒星辐射的水平的温度。

英文摘要:

We investigate how a protoplanetary disc's susceptibility to gravitational instabilities and fragmentation depends on the mass of its host star. We use 1D disc models in conjunction with 3D SPH simulations to determine the critical disc-to-star mass ratios at which discs become unstable against fragmentation, finding that discs become increasingly prone to the effects of self-gravity as we increase the host star mass. The actual limit for stability is sensitive to the disc temperature, so if the disc is optically thin stellar irradiation can dramatically stabilise discs against gravitational instability. However, even when this is the case we find that discs around $2$M$_{\odot}$ stars are prone to fragmentation, which will act to produce wide-orbit giant planets and brown dwarfs. The consequences of this work are two-fold: that low mass stars could in principle support high disc-to-star mass ratios, and that higher mass stars have discs that are more prone to fragmentation, which is qualitatively consistent with observations that favour high-mass wide-orbit planets around higher mass stars. We also find that the initial masses of these planets depends on the temperature in the disc at large radii, which itself depends on the level of stellar irradiation.

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