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arXiv 1107.0831astro-ph.EPastro-ph.SR
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Jeans质量作为自引力圆盘破碎和初始碎片质量的基本度量

The Jeans Mass as a Fundamental Measure of Self-Gravitating Disc Fragmentation and Initial Fragment Mass

Duncan Forgan, Ken Rice

摘要:

作为原恒星盘中的巨行星和低质量恒星(以及活动星系核盘中的恒星)等天体的形成途径,自引力盘碎片化理论需要能够预测碎片的初始质量。我们描述了一种方法,通过这种方法可以估计自引力盘的螺旋结构内的局部Jeans质量。如果这样一个自引力盘满足盘碎片的标准,这个估计提供了一个下限的初始质量的任何碎片形成。我们将这种方法应用于一系列自引力原恒星盘模型,以绘制出这种形成模式产生的碎片的典型质量。我们发现一个最小的碎片质量约3木星的质量,这是不敏感的恒星质量,并-在参数空间调查-碎片的质量之间的10和20木星质量是最常见的。我们还描述了如何让我们得到一个更一般的标准光盘碎片,占粘性加热,辐射冷却,吸积和光盘的热历史的过程。我们演示了如何可以确定这样的标准,并表明,在有限的情况下,它恢复了几个破碎的标准,已经假定在过去,包括最小冷却时间/最大应力标准。

英文摘要:

As a formation route for objects such as giant planets and low-mass stars in protostellar discs (as well as stars in AGN discs), theories of self-gravitating disc fragmentation need to be able to predict the initial masses of fragments. We describe a means by which the local Jeans mass inside the spiral structure of a self-gravitating disc can be estimated. If such a self-gravitating disc satisfies the criteria for disc fragmentation, this estimate provides a lower limit for the initial mass of any fragments formed. We apply this approach to a series of self-gravitating protostellar disc models, to map out the typical masses of fragments produced by this formation mode. We find a minimum fragment mass of around 3 Jupiter masses, which is insensitive to the stellar mass, and that - within the parameter space surveyed - fragments with masses between 10 and 20 Jupiter masses are the most common. We also describe how the Jeans mass allows us to derive a more general criterion for disc fragmentation, which accounts for the processes of viscous heating, radiative cooling, accretion and the disc's thermal history. We demonstrate how such a criterion can be determined, and show that in limiting cases it recovers several fragmentation criteria that have been posited in the past, including the minimum cooling time/maximum stress criterion.

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