Jan Fiete Grosse-Oetringhaus
The discovery of QGP phenomena in small collision systems like pp and p-Pb collisions have challenged the basic paradigms of heavy-ion and high-energy physics. These proceedings give a brief overview of the key findings and their implications, as well as today's experimental and theoretical situation. An outlook of future measurement is made.
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Heavy-ion collision experiments at RHIC and the LHC have found a new emergent phase of QCD, a strongly coupled quark-gluon plasma (sQGP) that is distinctively different from either the low temperature hadron phase or the very high temperature weakly coupled plasma phase. Highly nontrivial emergent phenomena occur in such sQGP and two examples will be discussed in this contribution: the magnetic component of sQGP that stems from topologically nontrivial configurations in the gluon sector; and the anomalous chiral transport that arises as macroscopic manifestation of microscopic chiral anomaly i…
We use a set of simple angular moments to solve the Boltzmann equation in the relaxation time approximation for a boost invariant longitudinally expanding gluonic plasma. The transition from the free streaming regime at early time to the hydrodynamic regime at late time is well captured by the first two-moments, corresponding to the monopole and quadrupole components of the momentum distribution, or equivalently to the energy density and the difference between the longitudinal and the transverse pressures. We relate this property to the existence of fixed points in the infinite hierarchy of eq…
The STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider at Brookhaven National Laboratory is carrying out a spin physics program in high-energy polarized proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=200\,$GeV and $\sqrt{s}=500\,$GeV to gain a deeper insight into the spin structure and dynamics of the proton. One of the main objectives of the spin physics program at RHIC is the precise determination of the polarized gluon distribution function. The STAR detector is well suited for the reconstruction of various final states involving jets, $π^{0}$, $π^{\pm}$, e$^{\pm}$ and $γ$, which allows to measure seve…
We suggest a new mechanism for the energy loss of fast heavy quarks in quark-gluon plasma. This mechanism is based on pion production caused by the anomalous chromomagnetic quark-gluon-pion interaction induced by strong topological fluctuations of the gluon fields represented by instantons. We found that this mechanism gives a considerable contribution to the collisional energy loss of a heavy quark in quark-gluon plasma, which shows a nontrivial role of nonperturbative phenomena in strongly interacting quark-gluon plasma.
The relativistic heavy-ion collisions create both hot quark-gluon matter and strong magnetic fields, and provide an arena to study the interplay between quantum chromodynamics and quantum electrodynamics. In recent years, it has been shown that such an interplay can generate a number of interesting quantum phenomena in hadronic and quark-gluon matter. In this short review, we first discuss some properties of the magnetic fields in heavy-ion collisions and then give an overview of the magnetic field-induced novel quantum effects. In particular, we focus on the magnetic effect on the heavy flavo…
Wave-Breaking Phenomena in Quark-Gluon Plasma
本研究通过非线性色场与粘性流体动力学耦合，发现波破是QGP中早期相干性丧失和快速流体化的普遍微观机制，并在RHIC和LHC条件下均成立。
Strongly correlated many-body systems often display the emergence of simple patterns and regular behaviour of their global properties. Phenomena such as clusterization, collective motion and appearance of shell structures are commonly observed across different size, time, and energy scales in our universe. Although at the microscopic level their individual parts are described by complex interactions, the collective behaviour of these systems can exhibit strikingly regular patterns. This contribution provides an overview of the experimental signatures that are commonly used to identify the emer…
Exploring QGP-like phenomena with Charmonia in $p+p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV
本文研究质子-质子碰撞中粲偶素的产额变化，通过引入预平衡态演化、碰撞阻尼、胶子解离与再生等机制，提出这些综合效应可作为探测小碰撞系统中是否存在热化QCD介质的可靠探针。
Since the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) reveals some obvious similarities to the well-known electromagnetic plasma (EMP), an accumulated knowledge on EMP can be used in the QGP studies. After discussing similarities and differences of the two systems, we present theoretical tools which are used to describe the plasmas. The tools include: kinetic theory, hydrodynamic approach and diagrammatic perturbative methods. We consider collective phenomena in the plasma with a particular emphasis on instabilities which crucially influence temporal evolution of the system. Finally, properties of strongly coupl…
Seeing Beauty in the Quark-Gluon Plasma with Energy Correlators
本文提出基于能量关联函数的喷注子结构新观测量，以区分重夸克喷注中的死锥效应与介质诱导辐射，并判断死锥被填充的条件，为重离子碰撞中QGP动力学研究提供新工具。
A case is presented for compelling physics at a high luminosity RHIC II collider and a comprehensive new detector system to address this physics. The experimental focus is on detailed jet tomography of the quark gluon plasma (QGP), measuring gluon saturation in the nucleus, investigating the color glass condensate, measuring effects of the QCD vacuum on particle masses, determining the structure and dynamics within the proton, and possible new phenomena. The physics and detector capabilities are introduced.
Collective phenomena study in small systems using the bulk of particle production in high-multiplicity pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV with ALICE
本研究利用 ALICE Run 2 在 13 TeV 高多重数 pp 碰撞中测量 π、K、p 的横动量谱及产额比，以探寻小系统中的径向流等集体现象。
High-energy heavy-ion collisions generate extremely strong magnetic field which plays a key role in a number of novel quantum phenomena in quark-gluon plasma (QGP), such as the chiral magnetic effect (CME). However, due to the complexity in theoretical modellings of the coupled electromagnetic fields and the QGP system, especially in the pre-equilibrium stages, the lifetime of the magnetic field in the QGP medium remains undetermined. We establish, for the first time, a kinetic framework to study the dynamical decay of the magnetic field in the early stages of a weakly coupled QGP by solving t…
Relativistic heavy-ion collisions create hot quark-gluon plasma as well as very strong electromagnetic (EM) and fluid vortical fields. The strong EM field and vorticity can induce intriguing macroscopic quantum phenomena such as chiral magnetic, chiral separation, chiral electric separation, and chiral vortical effects as well as the spin polarization of hadrons. These phenomena provide us with experimentally feasible means to study the nontrivial topological sector of quantum chromodynamics, the possible parity violation of strong interaction at high temperature, and the subatomic spintronics…
Thermalization of Bottomonium in the Quark-Gluon Plasma
本文利用开放量子系统框架和量子轨迹方法模拟夸克-胶子等离子体中底偶素的热化过程，揭示热化时间尺度随温度和介质耦合的变化规律，并发现稳态对Gibbs态存在随耦合减弱和温度升高而减小的小修正。
This review will be concerned with our knowledge of extended matter under the governance of strong interaction, in short: QCD matter. Strictly speaking, the hadrons are representing the first layer of extended QCD architecture. In fact we encounter the characteristic phenomena of confinement as distances grow to the scale of 1 fm (i.e. hadron size): loss of the chiral symmetry property of the elementary QCD Lagrangian via non-perturbative generation of "massive" quark and gluon condensates, that replace the bare QCD vacuum. However, given such first experiences of transition from short range p…
We provide a perspective on studies aimed at observing the transition between hadronic and quark-gluonic descriptions of reactions involving light nuclei. We begin by summarizing the results for relatively simple reactions such as the pion form factor and the neutral pion transition form factor as well as that for the nucleon and end with exclusive photoreactions in our simplest nuclei. A particular focus will be on reactions involving the deuteron. It is noted that a firm understanding of these issues is essential for unraveling important structure information from processes such as deeply vi…
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