We present an algorithm to generate diverse foreground objects and composite them into background images using a GAN architecture. Given an object class, a user-provided bounding box, and a background image, we first use a mask generator to create an object shape, and then use a texture generator to fill the mask such that the texture integrates with the background. By separating the problem of object insertion into these two stages, we show that our model allows us to improve the realism of diverse object generation that also agrees with the provided background image. Our results on the challenging COCO dataset show improved overall quality and diversity compared to state-of-the-art object insertion approaches.
Unsupervised object discovery in images involves uncovering recurring patterns that define objects and discriminates them against the background. This is more challenging than image clustering as the size and the location of the objects are not known: this adds additional degrees of freedom and increases the problem complexity. In this work, we propose StampNet, a novel autoencoding neural network that localizes shapes (objects) over a simple background in images and categorizes them simultaneously. StampNet consists of a discrete latent space that is used to categorize objects and to determin…
Borealis AI；Simon Fraser University（西蒙菲莎大学）；University of British Columbia（不列颠哥伦比亚大学）；Vector Institute for AI（Vector人工智能研究所）
Human activity videos involve rich, varied interactions between people and objects. In this paper we develop methods for generating such videos -- making progress toward addressing the important, open problem of video generation in complex scenes. In particular, we introduce the task of generating human-object interaction videos in a zero-shot compositional setting, i.e., generating videos for action-object compositions that are unseen during training, having seen the target action and target object separately. This setting is particularly important for generalization in human activity video g…
Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur（斋浦尔马拉维亚国家技术学院）
Time-stamp aware anomaly detection in traffic videos is an essential task for the advancement of the intelligent transportation system. Anomaly detection in videos is a challenging problem due to sparse occurrence of anomalous events, inconsistent behavior of a different type of anomalies and imbalanced available data for normal and abnormal scenarios. In this paper, we present a three-stage pipeline to learn the motion patterns in videos to detect a visual anomaly. First, the background is estimated from recent history frames to identify the motionless objects. This background image is used t…
Generating images from word descriptions is a challenging task. Generative adversarial networks(GANs) are shown to be able to generate realistic images of real-life objects. In this paper, we propose a new neural network architecture of LSTM Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks to generate images of real-life objects. Our proposed model is trained on the Oxford-102 Flowers and Caltech-UCSD Birds-200-2011 datasets. We demonstrate that our proposed model produces the better results surpassing other state-of-art approaches.
Generating images from scene graphs is a challenging task that attracted substantial interest recently. Prior works have approached this task by generating an intermediate layout description of the target image. However, the representation of each object in the layout was generated independently, which resulted in high overlap, low coverage, and an overall blurry layout. We propose a novel method that alleviates these issues by generating the entire layout description gradually to improve inter-object dependency. We empirically show on the COCO-STUFF dataset that our approach improves the qual…
Informatics Institute, University of Amsterdam（阿姆斯特丹大学信息学研究所）；Transmute AI Research（Transmute AI 研究院）
Recent developments related to generative models have made it possible to generate diverse high-fidelity images. In particular, layout-to-image generation models have gained significant attention due to their capability to generate realistic complex images containing distinct objects. These models are generally conditioned on either semantic layouts or textual descriptions. However, unlike natural images, providing auxiliary information can be extremely hard in domains such as biomedical imaging and remote sensing. In this work, we propose a multi-object generation framework that can synthesiz…
Technical University of Munich（慕尼黑工业大学）；Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems（马克斯·普朗克智能系统研究所）；Apple（苹果公司）
Texture cues on 3D objects are key to compelling visual representations, with the possibility to create high visual fidelity with inherent spatial consistency across different views. Since the availability of textured 3D shapes remains very limited, learning a 3D-supervised data-driven method that predicts a texture based on the 3D input is very challenging. We thus propose Texturify, a GAN-based method that leverages a 3D shape dataset of an object class and learns to reproduce the distribution of appearances observed in real images by generating high-quality textures. In particular, our meth…
Recent improvements to Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have made it possible to generate realistic images in high resolution based on natural language descriptions such as image captions. Furthermore, conditional GANs allow us to control the image generation process through labels or even natural language descriptions. However, fine-grained control of the image layout, i.e. where in the image specific objects should be located, is still difficult to achieve. This is especially true for images that should contain multiple distinct objects at different spatial locations. We introduce a ne…
Stochastic Siamese MAE Pretraining for Longitudinal Medical Images
Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Center for Medical Data Science, Medical University of Vienna（人工智能研究所，医学数据科学中心，维也纳医科大学）；Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Medical University of Vienna（眼科学与视光学系，维也纳医科大学）；Ophthalmic Image Analysis Group (OPTIMA), Medical University of Vienna（眼科影像分析组（OPTIMA），维也纳医科大学）；BioMedIA, Department of Computing, Imperial College London（BioMedIA，计算系，伦敦帝国理工学院）；Chair for AI in Healthcare and Medicine, Technical University of Munich（医学与健康人工智能教授职位，慕尼黑技术大学）；Moorfields National Institute for Health and Care Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital（莫尔菲尔兹国家健康与护理生物医学研究中心，莫尔菲尔兹眼科医院）
University of Washington（华盛顿大学）；Allen Institute for AI (AI2)（艾伦人工智能研究所 (AI2)）
Objects often occlude each other in scenes; Inferring their appearance beyond their visible parts plays an important role in scene understanding, depth estimation, object interaction and manipulation. In this paper, we study the challenging problem of completing the appearance of occluded objects. Doing so requires knowing which pixels to paint (segmenting the invisible parts of objects) and what color to paint them (generating the invisible parts). Our proposed novel solution, SeGAN, jointly optimizes for both segmentation and generation of the invisible parts of objects. Our experimental res…
Chengdu University of Information Technology（成都信息工程大学）；CuraCloud Corporation（库拉云公司）；SUNY Albany（纽约州立大学奥尔巴尼分校）
The deep neural network is vulnerable to adversarial examples. Adding imperceptible adversarial perturbations to images is enough to make them fail. Most existing research focuses on attacking image classifiers or anchor-based object detectors, but they generate globally perturbation on the whole image, which is unnecessary. In our work, we leverage higher-level semantic information to generate high aggressive local perturbations for anchor-free object detectors. As a result, it is less computationally intensive and achieves a higher black-box attack as well as transferring attack performance.…
Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems（马克斯·普朗克智能系统研究所）
Generating digital humans that move realistically has many applications and is widely studied, but existing methods focus on the major limbs of the body, ignoring the hands and head. Hands have been separately studied, but the focus has been on generating realistic static grasps of objects. To synthesize virtual characters that interact with the world, we need to generate full-body motions and realistic hand grasps simultaneously. Both sub-problems are challenging on their own and, together, the state-space of poses is significantly larger, the scales of hand and body motions differ, and the w…
Ego-InBetween: Generating Object State Transitions in Ego-Centric Videos
Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.（先进微器件公司）；Dalian University of Technology（大连理工大学）；The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology（香港科技大学）；The Chinese University of Hong Kong（香港中文大学）；Xi’an Jiaotong University（西安交通大学）
Generating captions for images is a task that has recently received considerable attention. In this work we focus on caption generation for abstract scenes, or object layouts where the only information provided is a set of objects and their locations. We propose OBJ2TEXT, a sequence-to-sequence model that encodes a set of objects and their locations as an input sequence using an LSTM network, and decodes this representation using an LSTM language model. We show that our model, despite encoding object layouts as a sequence, can represent spatial relationships between objects, and generate descr…
Accurate local-level poverty measurement is an essential task for governments and humanitarian organizations to track the progress towards improving livelihoods and distribute scarce resources. Recent computer vision advances in using satellite imagery to predict poverty have shown increasing accuracy, but they do not generate features that are interpretable to policymakers, inhibiting adoption by practitioners. Here we demonstrate an interpretable computational framework to accurately predict poverty at a local level by applying object detectors to high resolution (30cm) satellite images. Usi…
Guangdong Ocean University（广东海洋大学）；University of Aberdeen（阿伯丁大学）；Tianjin University of Technology（天津理工大学）；Guangdong University of Technology（广东工业大学）
In this paper, we propose an end-to-end CNN-LSTM model for generating descriptions for sequential images with a local-object attention mechanism. To generate coherent descriptions, we capture global semantic context using a multi-layer perceptron, which learns the dependencies between sequential images. A paralleled LSTM network is exploited for decoding the sequence descriptions. Experimental results show that our model outperforms the baseline across three different evaluation metrics on the datasets published by Microsoft.
University of Maryland at College Park（马里兰大学帕克分校）；Raytheon BBN Technologies（雷神BBN技术公司）
A multi-scale greedy-based object proposal generation approach is presented. Based on the multi-scale nature of objects in images, our approach is built on top of a hierarchical segmentation. We first identify the representative and diverse exemplar clusters within each scale by using a diversity ranking algorithm. Object proposals are obtained by selecting a subset from the multi-scale segment pool via maximizing a submodular objective function, which consists of a weighted coverage term, a single-scale diversity term and a multi-scale reward term. The weighted coverage term forces the select…
Three-dimensional segmentation in magnetic resonance images (MRI), which reflects the true shape of the objects, is challenging since high-resolution isotropic MRIs are rare and typical MRIs are anisotropic, with the out-of-plane dimension having a much lower resolution. A potential remedy to this issue lies in the fact that often multiple sequences are acquired on different planes. However, in practice, these sequences are not orthogonal to each other, limiting the applicability of many previous solutions to reconstruct higher-resolution images from multiple lower-resolution ones. We propose …
Segmenting objects in videos is a fundamental computer vision task. The current deep learning based paradigm offers a powerful, but data-hungry solution. However, current datasets are limited by the cost and human effort of annotating object masks in videos. This effectively limits the performance and generalization capabilities of existing video segmentation methods. To address this issue, we explore weaker form of bounding box annotations. We introduce a method for generating segmentation masks from per-frame bounding box annotations in videos. To this end, we propose a spatio-temporal aggre…
Ryerson University（瑞尔森大学）；York University（约克大学）；University of Guelph（圭尔夫大学）；Vector Institute for AI（人工智能向量研究所）；Toronto AI Lab, LG（LG多伦多人工智能实验室）；Samsung AI Centre Toronto（三星多伦多人工智能中心）
Existing weakly or semi-supervised semantic segmentation methods utilize image or box-level supervision to generate pseudo-labels for weakly labeled images. However, due to the lack of strong supervision, the generated pseudo-labels are often noisy near the object boundaries, which severely impacts the network's ability to learn strong representations. To address this problem, we present a novel framework that generates pseudo-labels for training images, which are then used to train a segmentation model. To generate pseudo-labels, we combine information from: (i) a class agnostic objectness ne…
Recently deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved tremendous success for object detection in overhead (e.g., satellite) imagery. One ongoing challenge however is the acquisition of training data, due to high costs of obtaining satellite imagery and annotating objects in it. In this work we present a simple approach - termed Synthetic object IMPLantation (SIMPL) - to easily and rapidly generate large quantities of synthetic overhead training data for custom target objects. We demonstrate the effectiveness of using SIMPL synthetic imagery for training DNNs in zero-shot scenarios where no real i…
Recently developed deep neural networks achieved state-of-the-art results in the subject of 6D object pose estimation for robot manipulation. However, those supervised deep learning methods require expensive annotated training data. Current methods for reducing those costs frequently use synthetic data from simulations, but rely on expert knowledge and suffer from the "domain gap" when shifting to the real world. Here, we present a proof of concept for a novel approach of autonomously generating annotated training data for 6D object pose estimation. This approach is designed for learning new o…
Anhui University of Technology（安徽工业大学）；University of Glasgow（格拉斯哥大学）
This paper proposes a novel automatically generating image masks method for the state-of-the-art Mask R-CNN deep learning method. The Mask R-CNN method achieves the best results in object detection until now, however, it is very time-consuming and laborious to get the object Masks for training, the proposed method is composed by a two-stage design, to automatically generating image masks, the first stage implements a fully convolutional networks (FCN) based segmentation network, the second stage network, a Mask R-CNN based object detection network, which is trained on the object image masks fr…
This paper explores new evaluation perspectives for image captioning and introduces a noun translation task that achieves comparative image caption generation performance by translating from a set of nouns to captions. This implies that in image captioning, all word categories other than nouns can be evoked by a powerful language model without sacrificing performance on n-gram precision. The paper also investigates lower and upper bounds of how much individual word categories in the captions contribute to the final BLEU score. A large possible improvement exists for nouns, verbs, and prepositi…
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill（北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校）
Based on life-long observations of physical, chemical, and biologic phenomena in the natural world, humans can often easily picture in their minds what an object will look like in the future. But, what about computers? In this paper, we learn computational models of object transformations from time-lapse videos. In particular, we explore the use of generative models to create depictions of objects at future times. These models explore several different prediction tasks: generating a future state given a single depiction of an object, generating a future state given two depictions of an object …
Dynamic scene graph generation from a video is challenging due to the temporal dynamics of the scene and the inherent temporal fluctuations of predictions. We hypothesize that capturing long-term temporal dependencies is the key to effective generation of dynamic scene graphs. We propose to learn the long-term dependencies in a video by capturing the object-level consistency and inter-object relationship dynamics over object-level long-term tracklets using transformers. Experimental results demonstrate that our Dynamic Scene Graph Detection Transformer (DSG-DETR) outperforms state-of-the-art m…
