arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1912.09501cs.IRcs.AIcs.LG
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一个适用于法律文本审阅的可解释文本分类框架

A Framework for Explainable Text Classification in Legal Document Review

Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton LLP(克利里戈特利布斯蒂恩汉密尔顿律师事务所);Ankura Consulting Group, LLC(安库拉咨询集团有限责任公司)

Christian J. Mahoney, Jianping Zhang, Nathaniel Huber-Fliflet, Peter Gronvall, Haozhen Zhao

摘要:

公司经常花费数百万美元制作电子存储的法律文件。最近,“法律通道”两边的各方都接受使用文本分类等机器学习技术来剔除大量数据,并识别用于这些问题的响应文档。虽然文本分类经常用于降低法律事务中的发现成本,但它也面临着一个特殊的认知挑战:在律师中,这项技术有时被视为“黑匣子”,为律师提供的信息很少,无法理解为什么文件被归类为响应性文件。近年来,一群人工智能和机器学习研究人员一直在积极研究可解释的人工智能,其中的行为或决策是人类可以理解的。在法律文档审阅场景中,如果文档的一个或多个文本片段被认为是响应的,则可以将文档标识为响应的。在这些情况下,如果可以使用文本分类来定位这些片段,那么律师可以很容易地评估模型的分类决策。当使用定义和可解释的结果部署时,文本分类可以通过减少审查时间来大大提高审查过程的整体质量和速度。此外,可解释的预测编码为律师提供了对监督学习任务结果的更大信心。本文描述了一个框架,可解释的文本分类作为一个有价值的工具,在法律服务:提高法律文件审查的质量和效率,并协助在响应文件中定位响应片段。该框架已在我们的法律分析产品中实施,该产品已用于数百起法律事务。我们还报告了我们的实验结果使用的数据,从实际的法律问题,使用这种类型的文件审查。

英文摘要:

Companies regularly spend millions of dollars producing electronically-stored documents in legal matters. Recently, parties on both sides of the 'legal aisle' are accepting the use of machine learning techniques like text classification to cull massive volumes of data and to identify responsive documents for use in these matters. While text classification is regularly used to reduce the discovery costs in legal matters, it also faces a peculiar perception challenge: amongst lawyers, this technology is sometimes looked upon as a "black box", little information provided for attorneys to understand why documents are classified as responsive. In recent years, a group of AI and ML researchers have been actively researching Explainable AI, in which actions or decisions are human understandable. In legal document review scenarios, a document can be identified as responsive, if one or more of its text snippets are deemed responsive. In these scenarios, if text classification can be used to locate these snippets, then attorneys could easily evaluate the model's classification decision. When deployed with defined and explainable results, text classification can drastically enhance overall quality and speed of the review process by reducing the review time. Moreover, explainable predictive coding provides lawyers with greater confidence in the results of that supervised learning task. This paper describes a framework for explainable text classification as a valuable tool in legal services: for enhancing the quality and efficiency of legal document review and for assisting in locating responsive snippets within responsive documents. This framework has been implemented in our legal analytics product, which has been used in hundreds of legal matters. We also report our experimental results using the data from an actual legal matter that used this type of document review.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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