Unruh效应的普适性：从密度算符引出的圆锥几何
Unruh effect universality: emergent conical geometry from density operator
摘要：
从量子统计Zubarev密度算符的角度研究了Unruh效应。计算了加速度对实、复标量场和狄拉克场的能量动量张量的四阶量子修正。无质量场和有质量场都被考虑。本文提出了一种对已发现的标量场红外发散进行正则化的方法。计算得到的修正使我们有可能从统计方法的观点来证实Unruh效应，并明确地表明它对各种无质量和有质量场的量子场论的普遍性。所得结果与以前计算具有圆锥奇点空间中能量动量张量真空平均值所得结果完全一致。从而证实了加速介质两种描述方法的二元性。人们也可以从热力学中谈到具有圆锥奇点的几何学的出现。特别是，多项式的能量动量张量和没有高阶修正的加速度可以明确地证明。
英文摘要：
The Unruh effect has been investigated from the point of view of the quantum statistical Zubarev density operator in space with the Minkowski metric. Quantum corrections of the fourth order in acceleration to the energy-momentum tensor of real and complex scalar fields, and Dirac field are calculated. Both massless and massive fields are considered. The method for regularization of discovered infrared divergences for scalar fields is proposed. The calculated corrections make it possible to substantiate the Unruh effect from the point of view of the statistical approach, and to explicitly show its universality for various quantum field theories of massless and massive fields. The obtained results exactly coincide with the ones obtained earlier by calculation of the vacuum average of energy-momentum tensor in a space with a conical singularity. Thus, the duality of two methods for describing an accelerated medium is substantiated. One may also speak about the emergence of geometry with conical singularity from thermodynamics. In particular, the polynomiality of the energy-momentum tensor and the absence of higher-order corrections in acceleration can be explicitly demonstrated.
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