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arXiv 1910.09784physics.ins-dethep-ex
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空间基cosmic ray实验的CALOCUBE计划:高粒度量能器原型的设计、建造和首次性能

The CALOCUBE project for a space based cosmic ray experiment: design, construction, and first performance of a high granularity calorimeter prototype

Adriani O., Albergo S., Auditore L., Basti A., Berti E., Bigongiari G., Bonechi L., Bongi M., Bonvicini V., Bottai S., Brogi P., Cappello G., Carotenuto G., Cas… 展开作者

Adriani O., Albergo S., Auditore L., Basti A., Berti E., Bigongiari G., Bonechi L., Bongi M., Bonvicini V., Bottai S., Brogi P., Cappello G., Carotenuto G., Castellini G., Cattaneo P. W., Cecchi R., Checchia C., D'Alessandro R., Detti S., Fasoli M., Finetti N., Italiano A., Lenzi P., Maestro P., Manetti M., Marrocchesi P. S., Mori N., Morsani F., Olmi M., Orsini A., Orzan G., Pacini L., Papini P., Pellegriti M. G., Rappoldi A., Ricciarini S., Sciuto A., Spillantini P., Starodubtsev O., Stiaccini L., Stolzi F., Sulaj A., Suh J. E., Tiberio A., Tricomi A., Trifiro A., Trimarchi M., Vannuccini E., Vedda A., G. Zampa, N. Zampa N

摘要:

目前高能宇宙线物理的研究涉及有关宇宙射线的起源、组成、加速机制和产生的基本问题。对“膝”区的能谱和宇宙射线的成分进行无环境测量,可以为上述问题提供一些答案。到目前为止,只有基于地面的观测,依赖于描述地球大气中高能相互作用的复杂模型,由于这些能量的粒子率极低,因此是可能的。一个基于量热法的空间实验不仅可以提供通量测量,而且可以提供能谱和粒子识别,肯定会克服地面实验的某些不确定性。考虑到预期的粒子通量,在与空间飞行任务的持续时间相适应的时间内,需要非常大的接受度才能收集到足够数量的数据。这反过来又与空间实验的轻便和紧凑要求形成对比。我们提出了一个新的想法,在量热法解决这些问题,同时限制检测器的质量和体积。在本文中,我们报告了一个为期四年的研发计划,我们研究了材料,涂层,光传感器,前端电子和机械结构,目的是设计一个高性能,高粒度的量热计,最大可能的接受。详细给出的设计选择,组件的特性,和一个相当大的原型(Calocube),已被用于各种测试与粒子束的建设。

英文摘要:

Current research in High Energy Cosmic Ray Physics touches on fundamental questions regarding the origin of cosmic rays, their composition, the acceleration mechanisms, and their production. Unambiguous measurements of the energy spectra and of the composition of cosmic rays at the "knee" region could provide some of the answers to the above questions. So far only ground based observations, which rely on sophisticated models describing high energy interactions in the earth's atmosphere, have been possible due to the extremely low particle rates at these energies. A calorimetry based space experiment that could provide not only flux measurements but also energy spectra and particle identification, would certainly overcome some of the uncertainties of ground based experiments. Given the expected particle fluxes, a very large acceptance is needed to collect a sufficient quantity of data, in a time compatible with the duration of a space mission. This in turn, contrasts with the lightness and compactness requirements for space based experiments. We present a novel idea in calorimetry which addresses these issues whilst limiting the mass and volume of the detector. In this paper we report on a four year R&D program where we investigated materials, coatings, photo-sensors, Front End electronics, and mechanical structures with the aim of designing a high performance, high granularity calorimeter with the largest possible acceptance. Details are given of the design choices, component characterisation, and of the construction of a sizeable prototype (Calocube) which has been used in various tests with particle beams.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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