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arXiv 1910.01151astro-ph.HE
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黑洞X射线双星中致密喷流的洛伦兹因子

Lorentz Factors of compact jets in Black hole X-ray binaries

Payaswini Saikia, David M. Russell, D. M. Bramich, James C. A. Miller-Jones, Maria Cristina Baglio, Nathalie Degenaar

摘要:

黑洞X射线双星(BHXB)中紧凑的连续发射的喷流产生无线电到光红外同步辐射。在大多数BHXB中,当射流处于硬光谱状态时,观察到红外(IR)过量(高于盘组件)。我们调查为什么一些BHXB有突出的IR过剩,有些没有,量化的IR淬火或恢复的幅度从/到硬态的过渡。我们发现,红外过剩的振幅可以解释由倾斜依赖的喷流同步辐射的光束,和吸积盘的投影面积。此外,我们没有看到预期的和观察到的IR过量之间的相关性为洛伦兹因子1,这是强烈支持的相对论光束的IR发射,确认IR过量是由同步辐射产生的相对论流出。使用的喷流衰落和恢复的振幅状态转换和已知的轨道参数,我们约束的第一次在几个BHXB的紧凑型喷流的体积洛伦兹因子范围(与所有良好的约束洛伦兹因子躺在$Γ$ = 1.3 - 3.5的范围内)。在BHXB喷流的洛伦兹因子服从幂律分布的假设下,我们发现N($Γ$)$\propto Γ^{ -1.88^{+0.27}_{-0.34}}$。我们还发现,在BHXB GX 339-4中反复观察到的非常高幅度的红外衰减/恢复有利于喷流的低倾角($< 15^\circ$)。

英文摘要:

Compact, continuously launched jets in black hole X-ray binaries (BHXBs) produce radio to optical-infrared synchrotron emission. In most BHXBs, an infrared (IR) excess (above the disc component) is observed when the jet is present in the hard spectral state. We investigate why some BHXBs have prominent IR excesses and some do not, quantified by the amplitude of the IR quenching or recovery over the transition from/to the hard state. We find that the amplitude of the IR excess can be explained by inclination dependent beaming of the jet synchrotron emission, and the projected area of the accretion disc. Furthermore, we see no correlation between the expected and the observed IR excess for Lorentz factor 1, which is strongly supportive of relativistic beaming of the IR emission, confirming that the IR excess is produced by synchrotron emission in a relativistic outflow. Using the amplitude of the jet fade and recovery over state transitions and the known orbital parameters, we constrain for the first time the bulk Lorentz factor range of compact jets in several BHXBs (with all the well-constrained Lorentz factors lying in the range of $Γ$ = 1.3 - 3.5). Under the assumption that the Lorentz factor distribution of BHXB jets is a power-law, we find that N($Γ$) $\propto Γ^{ -1.88^{+0.27}_{-0.34}}$. We also find that the very high amplitude IR fade/recovery seen repeatedly in the BHXB GX 339-4 favors a low inclination angle ($< 15^\circ$) of the jet.

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