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arXiv 1909.13093astro-ph.GA
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各向异性球状星团能量均分和质量分凝的简单双分量描述

A simple two-component description of energy equipartition and mass segregation for anisotropic globular clusters

Stefano Torniamenti, Giuseppe Bertin, Paolo Bianchini

摘要:

在弱碰撞恒星系统中,如某些球状星团,部分能量均分和质量分离,预计发展作为恒星遭遇的累积效应的结果,即使在系统的初始特征是恒星质量独立的密度和能量分布。与此同时,数值模拟表明,径向偏置压力各向异性慢慢建立在现实模型的球状星团从初始各向同性条件下,导致各向异性的配置文件,在某种程度上,模仿那些从不完全的暴力松弛已知相关的椭圆星系。在本文中,我们考虑了一组现实的模拟实现的Monte Carlo方法,并分析它们通过自洽的两个组件模型。为此目的,我们指的是一个潜在的分布函数,最初设想描述椭圆星系,最近已被截断和适应的背景下,球状星团。这两个组成部分代表了亮星(包括所有的主序星)和重星(巨星、暗遗迹和双星)。我们发现,这个概念上简单的家庭的两个组件截断模型提供了一个合理的描述模拟密度,速度色散和各向异性的配置文件,特别是对于最轻松的系统,与能力,以定量表示达到的水平的能量均分和质量偏析。相比之下,基于King分布函数的两组分各向同性模型不能提供令人满意的模拟球状星团的代表。有了这项工作,我们提供了一个新的可靠的诊断工具,适用于非旋转的球状星团的特点是显着的梯度在当地的质量-光比的值,超出了常用的单组分动力学模型。

英文摘要:

In weakly collisional stellar systems such as some globular clusters, partial energy equipartition and mass segregation are expected to develop as a result of the cumulative effect of stellar encounters even in systems initially characterized by star-mass independent density and energy distributions. In parallel, numerical simulations have demonstrated that radially-biased pressure anisotropy slowly builds up in realistic models of globular clusters from initial isotropic conditions, leading to anisotropy profiles that, to some extent, mimic those resulting from incomplete violent relaxation known to be relevant to elliptical galaxies. In this paper we consider a set of realistic simulations realized by means of Monte Carlo methods and analyze them by means of self-consistent two-component models. For the purpose, we refer to an underlying distribution function, originally conceived to describe elliptical galaxies, that has been recently truncated and adapted to the context of globular clusters. The two components are meant to represent light stars (combining all main sequence stars) and heavy stars (giants, dark remnants, and binaries). We show that this conceptually simple family of two-component truncated models provides a reasonable description of simulated density, velocity dispersion, and anisotropy profiles, especially for the most relaxed systems, with the capability to express quantitatively the attained levels of energy equipartition and mass segregation. In contrast, two-component isotropic models based on the King distribution function do not offer a comparably satisfactory representation of the simulated globular clusters. With this work we provide a new reliable diagnostic tool applicable to nonrotating globular clusters that are characterized by significant gradients in the local value of the mass-to-light ratio, beyond the commonly used one-component dynamical models.

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