arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1909.07092physics.soc-ph
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投票意向在民意极化中的作用

The role of voting intention in public opinion polarization

Federico Vazquez, Nicolas Saintier, Juan Pablo Pinasco

摘要:

我们介绍和研究一个简单的模型,在人口的代理人,必须选择两个候选人之间的投票意向的动态。一个给定的代理人的犹豫不决的程度是由其倾向于投票给两个选项之一,由一个变量$p \in [0,1]$表示。当代理$i$与具有$p_j$倾向的另一代理$j$相互作用时,则$i$或者以概率$P_{ij}=ωp_i+(1-ω)p_j$通过$h$增加其倾向$p_i$,或者以概率$1-P_{ij}$通过$h$减少$p_i$,其中$h$是固定步长。我们分析了系统的速率方程的方法,并与Monte Carlo模拟的结果进行对比。我们发现,倾向的动态取决于代理分配给自己倾向的权重$ω$。当所有的权重都分配给相互作用的伙伴($ω=0$)时,智能体的倾向很快被驱动到一个极端值$p=0$或$p=1$,直到实现极端吸收共识。然而,对于$ω>0$,系统首先达到对称偏振的准稳态,其中倾向的分布具有倒高斯的形状,在中心$p=1/2$处具有最小值,在极值$p=0,1$处具有两个最大值,直到对称性被破坏并且系统被驱动到极端的共识。线性稳定性分析表明,极化状态的寿命,估计的平均共识时间$τ$,发散为$τ\sim (1-ω)^{-2} \ln N$当$ω$接近$1$,其中$N$是系统的大小。最后,一个连续的近似允许导出一个传输方程,其对流项与粒子从中心向极端的漂移是相容的。

英文摘要:

We introduce and study a simple model for the dynamics of voting intention in a population of agents that have to choose between two candidates. The level of indecision of a given agent is modeled by its propensity to vote for one of the two alternatives, represented by a variable $p \in [0,1]$. When an agent $i$ interacts with another agent $j$ with propensity $p_j$, then $i$ either increases its propensity $p_i$ by $h$ with probability $P_{ij}=ωp_i+(1-ω)p_j$, or decreases $p_i$ by $h$ with probability $1-P_{ij}$, where $h$ is a fixed step. We analyze the system by a rate equation approach and contrast the results with Monte Carlo simulations. We found that the dynamics of propensities depends on the weight $ω$ that an agent assigns to its own propensity. When all the weight is assigned to the interacting partner ($ω=0$), agents' propensities are quickly driven to one of the extreme values $p=0$ or $p=1$, until an extremist absorbing consensus is achieved. However, for $ω>0$ the system first reaches a quasi-stationary state of symmetric polarization where the distribution of propensities has the shape of an inverted Gaussian with a minimum at the center $p=1/2$ and two maxima at the extreme values $p=0,1$, until the symmetry is broken and the system is driven to an extremist consensus. A linear stability analysis shows that the lifetime of the polarized state, estimated by the mean consensus time $τ$, diverges as $τ\sim (1-ω)^{-2} \ln N$ when $ω$ approaches $1$, where $N$ is the system size. Finally, a continuous approximation allows to derive a transport equation whose convection term is compatible with a drift of particles from the center towards the extremes.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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