A simple single folding model for $Ω$-deuteron with maximal spin $\left(I\right)J^{P}=\left(0\right)5/2^{+}$ is investigated. $Ω$ is assumed to orbit an unperturbed deuteron in a $Ω$-deuteron potential based on a separable $Ω$-nucleon potential from lattice QCD. We show that the effective central folding potential of $Ωd$ in the $^{5}S_{2}$ channel has a simple Wood-Saxon form, and approximate the upper bound for the binding energy of $Ω$ particle on a deuteron. In order to investigate how changes in the wave functions affect the results, we consider four analytical forms for $S$-state deuteron wave functions, i.e., two widely used Hulthén forms, as well as the modified Reid93 and Argonne v18 forms. Our calculations of binding energy from simple two-body approximation are compared with the results reported for the three-body problem; it is confirmed that the $Ωd$ system is deeply bound. Although the single folding model reduces the three-body problem to a two-body problem, this simplification is inadequate.
For 52 target nuclei with deuteron as projectile, we calculate the reaction cross sections and elastic scattering angular distributions, as well as the $χ^2$ values for 11 kinds of deuteron optical model potentials: our global deuteron optical potentials and 10 folding optical potentials calculated with 2 phenomenological global nucleon optical potentials given by Koning \textit{et al}(KD) and by Varner\textit{et al}(CH89), and 8 microscopic nucleon optical potentials with the generalized Skyrme force parameters(GS1-6) and modified Skyrme force parameters(SKa, SKb). We find that for constructi…
Improved potential solutions are presented for the inverse scattering problem for $d$+$^4$He data. The input for the inversions includes both the data of recent phase shift analyses and phase shifts from RGM coupled-channel calculations based on the NN Minnesota force. The combined calculations provide a more reliable estimate of the odd-even splitting of the potentials than previously found, suggesting a rather moderate role for this splitting in deuteron-nucleus scattering generally. The approximate parity-independence of the deuteron optical potentials is shown to arise from the nontrivial …
We investigate the effect of the deuteron breakup on the optical potential for the elastic scattering of 56 MeV deuterons from $^{51}$V. The breakup probabilities calculated within the post-form distorted wave Born-approximation theory of breakup reactions are fitted to derive the contribution to the optical potential from the breakup channels. The breakup potentials are found to have large real as well as imaginary parts. Thus the dynamical polarization potential due to the breakup process is expected to modify strongly the real part of the optical potential calculated by the double folding m…
The microscopic effective reaction theory is applied to deuteron-induced reactions. A reaction model-space characterized by a $p+n+{\rm A}$ three-body model is adopted, where A is the target nucleus, and the nucleon-target potential is described by a microscopic folding model based on an effective nucleon-nucleon interaction in nuclear medium and a one-body nuclear density of A. The three-body scattering wave function in the model space is obtained with the continuum-discretized coupled-channels method (CDCC), and the eikonal reaction theory (ERT), an extension of CDCC, is applied to the calcu…
The contribution of a three-nucleon (3N) force, acting between the neutron and proton in the incoming deuteron with a target nucleon, to the deuteron-target potential in the entrance channel of the $A(d,p)B$ reaction has been calculated within the adiabatic distorted wave approximation (ADWA). Four different 3N interaction sets from local chiral effective field theory ($χ$EFT) at next-to-next-to-leading order (N2LO) were used. Strong sensitivity of the adiabatic deuteron-target potential to the choice of the 3N force format has been found, which originates from the enhanced sensitivity to the …
From hyperon--nucleon interactions to deuteron--hyperon femtoscopy
Helmholtz Research Academy Hesse for FAIR (HFHF), GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Physics（黑森亥姆霍兹FAIR研究学院（HFHF），GSI重离子物理中心）；Institut für Theoretische Physik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität（约翰·沃尔夫冈·歌德大学理论物理研究所）
An extended analysis of the key role of direct interactions, i.e., breakup, stripping and pick-up processes, has been carried out for deuteron-induced reactions. Particular comments concern the deuteron breakup which is the dominant mechanism involved in surrogate reactions on heavy nuclei, around the Coulomb barrier.
The purpose of this contribution is to give an outlook of recent results connected with deuteron physics, with electromagnetic and strong interacting probes at intermediate energy. Special attention will be devoted to polarization observables.
The Coulomb interaction between the protons is included in the description of proton-deuteron scattering using the screening and renormalization approach in the framework of momentum-space integral equations. Two new calculational schemes are presented that confirm the reliability of the perturbative approach for treating the screened Coulomb interaction in high partial waves, used by us in earlier works.
The cross sections of high energy neutron-induced spallation is useful for studying the transmutation of long-life fission products. However, due to the difficulty of obtaining high-energy neutrons, the experimental data are still scarce. The present work studies the possibility to produce high energy neutrons by interactions between deuteron beam and thick target. The Geant4 toolkit is applied to simulate the interaction between the deuteron beam and thick target. An analytical method is also developed to calculate the neutron yields emitted in the interaction between the deuteron beam and th…
Recent developments of the covariant Bethe-Salpeter (BS) approach with the use of the separable interaction for the deuteron are reviewed. It is shown that the BS formalism allows a covariant description of various electromagnetic reactions like the lepton-deuteron scattering, deuteron electro-disintegration, deep inelastic scattering (DIS) of leptons on light nuclei. The procedure of the construction of the separable nucleon-nucleon (NN) interaction is discussed. The BS formalism facilitates analysis of the role of the P-waves (negative energy components) in the electromagnetic properties of …
The effects of final state interaction in incoherent $η$ photoproduction on deuteron are studied within a three-body approach including a realistic $NN$ potential. The results are compared with available data, and differences with other theoretical predictions are analyzed. The role of the $ηN$ interaction and the possibility of extracting the $ηN$ scattering parameters from this reaction are discussed.
The complex Kohn variational principle and the (correlated) hyperspherical harmonics method are applied to study the proton-deuteron elastic scattering at energies above the deuteron breakup threshold. Results for the elastic cross section and various elastic polarization observables have been obtained by fully taking into account the long-range effect of the Coulomb interaction and using a realistic nucleon-nucleon interaction model. Detailed comparison between the theoretical predictions and the accurate and abundant proton-deuteron experimental data can now be performed.
The exclusive electrodisintegration of the deuteron is considered within the Bethe-Salpeter approach with a separable interaction kernel. The relativistic kernel of nucleon-nucleon interaction is obtained considering the phase shifts in the elastic neutron-proton scattering and properties of the deuteron. The differential cross section is calculated within the impulse approximation under several kinematic conditions of the Bonn experiment. Final state interactions between the outgoing nucleons are taken into account. Partial-wave states of the neutron-proton pair with total angular momentum J=…
The electrodisintegration of the deuteron is considered within a relativistic model of nucleon-nucleon interaction based on the Bethe-Salpeter approach with a separable interaction kernel. The exclusive cross section is calculated within the impulse approximation under various kinematic conditions. Final state interactions between the outgoing nucleons are taken into account. The comparison of nonrelativistic and relativistic calculations is presented. Partial-wave states of the neutron-proton pair with total angular momentum $J=0,1$ are considered.
Incoherent photoproduction of pions on the deuteron in the Delta(1232) resonance region is studied, where besides the impulse approximation complete two-body rescattering in the nucleon-nucleon and pion-nucleon final state subsystems is included.
The iterative-perturbative (IP) procedure for S-matrix to potential inversion is applied to spin-one projectiles for the restricted case of vector spin-orbit interaction only. In order to evaluate this extension of IP inversion we have inverted the multi-channel RGM $S_{lj}$ of Kanada et al for deuterons scattering from $^4$He with deuteron distortion and then compared the central components with those derived from RGM with spin set to zero. Attention is given to the question of how well the resulting potentials are established. Reliable spin-1 inversion is demonstrated. Results relating to in…
We calculate the deuteron anapole moment with the wave functions obtained from the Argonne $v18$ nucleon-nucleon interaction model. The anapole moment operators are considered at the leading order. To minimize the uncertainty due to a lack of current conservation, we calculate the matrix element of the anapole moment from the original definition. In virtue of accurate wave functions, we can obtain a more precise value of the deuteron anapole moment which contains less uncertainty than the former works. We obtain a result reduced by more than 25% in the magnitude of the deuteron anapole moment.…
The impact of the short-range $NΔ$ interaction on the pion photoproduction processes off the deuteron in the $Δ$-resonance region is studied in the framework of recently proposed dressed-bag model. A common dressing procedure for bare three- and six-quark states is used to describe both the pion decay widths of baryon resonances and the effective $NN$ (or $NΔ$) interaction at short ranges related to the inner dressed-bag states. It is shown that the effect of short-range $NΔ$ interaction for the forward-angle $π^\mathrm{o}$ photoproduction off the deuteron cannot be neglected. The prospects fo…
The cross section for the dd -> 4He pi pi reaction is estimated near threshold in a two-step model where a pion created in a first interaction produces a second pion in a subsequent interaction. This approach, which describes well the rates of 2pi and eta production in the pd -> 3He pi pi and dd -> 4He eta reactions, leads to predictions that are much too low compared to experiment. Alternatives to this and the double-Delta model will have to be sought to explain these data.
The pi+ d scattering and the d(p,n) charge exchange reaction are used to study the Delta-Nucleon interaction in the Delta resonance energy region. Various observables, such as inclusive and exclusive cross sections, angular distributions, and analyzing powers, are calculated in a coupled channel approach and shown to be influenced by the Delta-Nucleon potential.
Incoherent $η$-photoproduction on the deuteron is studied for photon energies from threshold up to 720 MeV. The elementary $γN \to ηN$ amplitude is constructed in the frame of a conventional isobar model. Effects of final state interaction are investigated and their role in the cross section as well as in polarization observables is found to be important. Inclusion of such effects leads to a satisfactory agreement with experimental data in the near threshold region. In addition, recent experimental results on the coherent reaction $d(γ,η)d$ are discussed.
Starting from chiral Lagrangians, possessing the SU(2)_L x SU(2)_R local chiral symmetry, we derive weak axial one-boson exchange currents in the leading order in the 1/M expansion (M is the nucleon mass). We apply these currents in calculations of the cross sections for the disintegration of the deuterons by the low energy neutrinos. The nuclear wave functions are derived from a variant of the OBEPQB potential and from the Nijmegen 93 and Nijmegen I nucleon-nucleon interactions. The comparison of our cross sections with those obtained within the pionless effective field theory and other poten…
The following items are discussed: 1. The lepton U_l(1) symmetry and its relation to the presence of the neutrino mass term in the Hamiltonian. 2. The possibility of the measurement of the neutrino-deuteron reactions with high energy neutrinos at SNO by using neutrinos from a neutrino factory. 3. The weak axial one-boson exchange currents for the Bethe-Salpeter equation.
The influence of final state $NN$- and pi N-rescattering in incoherent pion photoproduction on the deuteron has been investigated. For the elementary photoproduction operator an effective Lagrangian model is used which describes well the elementary reaction. The interactions in the final two-body subsystems are taken in separable form. While NN-rescattering shows quite a significant effect, particularly strong for neutral pion production, pi N-rescattering is almost negligible. Inclusion of such effects leads to an improved and quite satisfactory agreement with experiment.
The contribution of incoherent single pion photoproduction to the spin response of the deuteron, i.e., the asymmetry of the total photoabsorption cross section with respect to parallel and antiparallel spins of photon and deuteron, is calculated over the region of the $Δ$-resonance with inclusion of final state $NN$- and $πN$-rescattering. Sizeable effects, mainly from $NN$-rescattering, are found leading to an appreciable reduction of the spin asymmetry. Furthermore, the contribution to the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn integral is explicitly evaluated by integration up to a photon energy of 550 MeV.…
An analysis of incoherent photoproduction of $η$ mesons off the deuteron for photon energies from threshold to 800 MeV is presented. The dominant contribution, the $γ$N-$η$N amplitude, is described within an isobar model. Effects of the final state interactions in the $NN$ as well as the $ηN$ systems are included employing models derived within the meson-exchange approach. It is found that their consideration is important. Specifically, due to an interference effect the influence of the $ηN$ final state interaction is enhanced in the reaction $γd \to np η$ close to threshold.
The low-energy breakup differential cross sections of the neutron-deuteron (nd) scattering are studied by employing the energy-independent version of the quark-model baryon-baryon interaction fss2. This interaction reproduces almost all the breakup differential cross sections predicted by the meson-exchange potentials for the neutron incident energies $E_n \leq$ 65 MeV. The space star anomaly of 13 MeV nd scattering is not improved even in our model. Some overestimation of the breakup differential cross sections at $E_n$=22.7 - 65 MeV implies that systematic studies of various breakup configur…
Kaon photoproduction on the deuteron is studied with respect to a specific two-body contribution, namely a pion mediated production process, besides other final state interaction contributions from kaon-nucleon and hyperon-nucleon scattering. In this process, a pion is first photoproduced on one nucleon and then interacts with the spectator nucleon in a strangeness exchange reaction leading to a kaon and a hyperon. A sizeable effect from this pion mediated contribution is found, considerably larger than the previously studied hyperon-nucleon rescattering, whereas kaon-nucleon rescattering is m…
The direct transition-matrix approach to determination of the electric polarizabilities of quantum bound systems developed in my recent work is applied to study the electric multipole polarizabilities of a two-particle bound complex with a central interaction between the particles. Expressions for the electric quadrupole and octupole polarizabilities of the deuteron are derived and their values in the case of the S-wave separable interaction potential are calculated.
The renormalization of the chiral np interaction with Delta-excitations in intermediate states is considered at next-to-leading order (NLO) and next-to-next-to-leading order (N2LO) for central waves. The inclusion of the Delta-excitation as an explicit degree of freedom improves the convergence properties of the effective field theory results for np scattering with respect to Delta-less theory, and allows the existence of a deuteron bound state in the infinite cut-off limit. The 1S_0 singlet and 3S_1 triplet phase shifts reproduce data for p ~ m_pi. The role of spectral function regularization…
We investigate parity-violating asymmetries in polarized n p radiative capture, and deuteron electro-disintegration in quasi-elastic kinematics, using the DDH model for the parity-violating nucleon-nucleon interaction. We find dramatic cancellations between the asymmetries induced by the parity-violating interaction and those arising from the associated parity-violating pion-exchange currents. In np capture, the model-dependence of the result is nevertheless quite small because of constraints arising through the Siegert evaluation of the relevant E1 matrix element. In quasi-elastic electron sc…
We discuss optical potentials for the nuclear elastic scattering from a variational viewpoint. Density-dependence in the effective $N$-$N$ interaction leads to density rearrangement terms, in addition to the conventional folding term. Effects of the rearrangement on the $N$-$A$ optical potential are illustrated in the nuclear-matter limit. Closely relating to consistency with the saturation, the rearrangement appreciably improves the isoscalar optical potential depth over the previous folding model calculations. The rearrangement gives stronger effects as the density grows. We also present rea…
The electromagnetic interactions of a relativistic two-body bound state are formulated in three dimensions using an equal-time (ET) formalism. This involves a systematic reduction of four-dimensional dynamics to a three-dimensional form by integrating out the time components of relative momenta. A conserved electromagnetic current is developed for the ET formalism. It is shown that consistent truncations of the electromagnetic current and the $NN$ interaction kernel may be made, order-by-order in the coupling constants, such that appropriate Ward-Takahashi identities are satisfied. A meson-exc…
The contribution of the final-state interaction to the differential cross-section of deuteron photodisintegration at laboratory photon energies below 50 MeV is analyzed in the framework of Bethe-Salpeter formalism with a phenomenological rank-one separable interaction. The approximations made are the neglect of two-body exchange currents, negative-energy components of the bound-state vertex function and the scattering T matrix. It has been found that the gross effect of the final-state interaction with J=0,1 comes from the net contributions of the spin-triplet final states and spin-singlet (1S…
In this work we present a framework that allows to solve the Faddeev equations for three-nucleon scattering using the wave-packet continuum-discretization method. We perform systematic benchmarks using results in the literature and study in detail the convergence of this method with respect to the number of wave packets. We compute several different elastic neutron-deuteron scattering cross-section observables for a variety of energies using chiral nucleon-nucleon interactions. For the interaction $\text{N2LO}_{\text{opt}}$ we find good agreement with data for nucleon scattering-energies $E_\t…
The two-body break up of the deuteron is studied at high $Q^2$ kinematics, with main motivation to probe the deuteron at small internucleon distances. Such studies are associated with the probing of high momentum component of the deuteron wave function. For this, two main theoretical issues have been addressed such as electromagnetic interaction of the virtual photon with the bound nucleon and the strong interaction of produced baryons in the final state of the break-up reaction. Within virtual nucleon approximation we developed a new prescription to account for the bound nucleon effects in el…
The present status of the theoretical description of electromagnetic reactions on the deuteron above pion threshold is reviewed. Three major topics are considered: (i) retardation effects in $π$-meson exchange contributions to $NN$-interaction and meson exchange currents in deuteron photodisintegration above $π$-threshold in the $Δ$-resonance region, (ii) off-shell effects in the one-body current treated in a simple pion cloud model in deuteron photodisintegration in and above the $Δ$-resonance region, and (iii) final state interaction effects in photoproduction of $π$ and $η$ mesons on the de…
Renormalization group (RG) methods used to soften Hamiltonians for nuclear many-body calculations change the effective resolution of the interaction. For nucleon knock-out processes, these RG transformations leave cross sections invariant, but initial-state wave functions, interaction currents, and final-state interactions are individually altered. This has implications for the factorization of nuclear structure and reactions. We use deuteron electrodisintegration as a controlled laboratory for studying how structure and reaction components are modified under RG evolution, without the complica…
The $dp\to dp$ and $dd\to ^3He n$ reactions are considered in the energy range from few hundred MeV up to 1 GeV. The approach is based on the multiple-scattering theory, where the few-body collisions are presented through two-body ones. The high-energy nucleon-nucleon interactions are described by t-matrix, which is parameterized in accordance with the modern phase-shift analysis data. The special attention is given to investigation of the rescattering effects in these reactions. The theoretical predictions are obtained for the differential cross sections, vector and tensor analyzing powers. A…
Incoherent photoproduction of the $η$-meson on the deuteron is studied for photon energies from threshold to 800 MeV. The dominant contribution, the $γ$N-$η$N amplitude, is described within an isobar model. The final state interaction derived from the CD-Bonn potential is included and found to be important for the description of the production cross section close to threshold. Possible effects from the $ηN$ final state interaction are discussed.
We analyze the renormalization of the NN interaction at low energies and the deuteron bound state through the Chiral Two Pion Exchange Potential assumed to be valid from zero to infinity. The short distance Van der Waals singularity structure of the potential as well as the requirement of orthogonality conditions on the wave functions determines that, after renormalization, in the 1S0 singlet channel and in the 3S1-3D1 triplet channel one can use the deuteron binding energy, the asymptotic D/S ratio and the S-wave scattering lengths as well as the chiral potential parameters as independent var…
Inclusive $K^+$ and exclusive $K^+Y$ photoproduction on the deuteron are investigated theoretically. Modern hyperon-nucleon forces and a recently updated kaon photoproduction operator for the $γ+N\to K^++Y$ process are used. Sizable effects of the hyperon-nucleon final state interaction are found near the $K^+ΛN$ and $K^+ΣN$ thresholds in the inclusive reaction. Angular distributions for the exclusive process show clear $YN$ final state interaction effects in certain kinematic regions. Precise data especially for the inclusive process around the $K^+ΣN$ threshold would help to clarify the stre…
The differential cross section for radiative capture of protons by deuterons is calculated using different realistic NN interactions. We compare our results with the available experimental data below $E_x = 20 MeV$. Excellent agreement is found when taking into account meson exchange currents, dipole and quadrupole contributions, and the full initial state interaction. There is only a small difference between the magnitudes of the cross sections for the different potentials considered. The angular distributions, however, are practically potential independent.
Point-form relativistic quantum mechanics is applied to elastic electron-deuteron scattering. The deuteron is modeled using relativistic interactions that are scattering-equivalent to the nonrelativistic Argonne $v_{18}$ and Reid '93 interactions. A point-form spectator approximation (PFSA) is introduced to define a conserved covariant current in terms of single-nucleon form factors. The PFSA is shown to provide an accurate description of data up to momentum transfers of 0.5 ${\rm GeV}^2$, but falls below the data at higher momentum transfers. Results are sensitive to the nucleon form factor p…
The effects of the final state interaction (FSI) in semi-exclusive deep-inelastic scattering of electrons off the deuteron are analyzed paying particular attention to two extreme kinematical regions: i) the one where FSI effects are minimized, so that the quark distribution of bound nucleons could be investigated, and ii) the one where the re-interaction of the produced hadrons with the spectator nucleon is maximized, which would allow one to study the mechanism of hadronization of highly virtual quark. It is demonstrated that when the recoiling spectator nucleon is detected in the backward he…
The electrodisintegration of the deuteron in the frame of the Bethe-Salpeter approach with a separable kernel of the nucleon-nucleon interaction is considered. This conception keeps the covariance of a description of the process. A comparison of relativistic and nonrelativistic calculations is presented. The factorization of the cross section of the reaction in the impulse approximation is obtained by analytical calculations. It is shown that the photon-neutron interaction plays an important role.
The $α$-proton Coulomb interaction is included in the description of $α$-deuteron scattering using the screening and renormalization approach in the framework of momentum-space three-particle equations. The technical reliability of the method is demonstrated. Large Coulomb-force effects are found.
The influence of the magnetic moment interaction of nucleons on nucleon-deuteron elastic scattering and breakup cross sections and on elastic scattering polarization observables has been studied. Among the numerous elastic scattering observables only the vector analyzing powers were found to show a significant effect, and of opposite sign for the proton-deuteron and neutron-deuteron systems. This finding results in an even larger discrepancy than the one previously established between neutron-deuteron data and theoretical calculations. For the breakup reaction the largest effect was found for …
The neutron-deuteron (nd) scattering is solved in the Faddeev formalism, employing the energy-independent version of the quark-model baryon-baryon interaction fss2. The differential cross sections and the spin polarization of the elastic scattering up to the neutron incident energy $E_n=65$ MeV are well reproduced without reinforcing fss2 with the three-body force. The vector analyzing-power of the neutron, $A_y(θ)$, in the energy region $E_n$ < 25 MeV is largely improved in comparison with the predictions by the meson-exchange potentials, thus yielding a partial solution of the long-standing …
Analysis of the $nd\to p(nn)$ reaction in a Gev-energy region is performed in the framework based on the multiple-scattering theory for the few nucleon system. The special kinematic condition, when momentum transfer from neutron beam to final proton closes to zero, is considered. The possibility to extract the spin-flip term of the elementary $np\to pn $ amplitude from nd-breakup process is investigated. The energy dependence of the ratio $R=\frac{dσ_{nd}} {dΩ} / \frac{dσ_{np}}{dΩ}$ is obtained taking account of the final state interaction two outgoing neutrons in $^1 S_0$-state.
{\bf Background} Deuteron induced reactions are widely used to probe nuclear structure and astrophysical information. Those (d,p) reactions may be viewed as three-body reactions and described with Faddeev techniques. {\bf Purpose} Faddeev-AGS equations in momentum space have a long tradition of utilizing separable interactions in order to arrive at sets of coupled integral equations in one variable. However, it needs to be demonstrated that observables calculated based on separable interactions agree exactly with those based on nonseparable forces. {\bf Methods} Momentum space AGS equations ar…
The quasi-deuteron model introduced by Levinger is used to explain cross sections for knocking out high-momentum protons in photo-absorption on nuclei. This is within a framework we characterize as exhibiting high renormalization group (RG) resolution. Assuming a one-body reaction operator, the nuclear wave function must include two-body short-range correlations (SRCs) with deuteron-like quantum numbers. In a previous paper, we showed that SRC physics can be naturally accounted for at low RG resolution. Here we describe the quasi-deuteron model at low RG resolution and determine the Levinger c…
The recently developed method to solve the Faddeev equations in coordinate space is used to study the weakly bound halo nucleus, the hypertriton (Lambda + n + p). The long distances are treated carefully to achieve convergence and high accuracy. We use several sets of two-body interactions which reproduce the deuteron properties and provide the low-energy Lambda-nucleon scattering data close to that of two of Nijmegen potentials. We show that the details of the potentials are unimportant unless the accuracy of the hypertriton binding energy is required to be better than 50 keV. We find that th…
Very recent data for the reaction gamma{d} --> eta{np} are analyzed within a model that includes contributions from the impulse approximation and next order corrections due to the np and eta{N} interactions in the final state. Comparison between the calculations and data indicate sizable contributions from the np and eta{N} final state interactions close to threshold.
The reaction of the elastic electron-deuteron scattering at high momentum transfer is investigated within the Bethe-Salpeter approach. The relativistic covariant Graz II separable kernel of nucleon-nucleon interactions is used to analyze the deuteron structure functions, form factors and tensor of polarization components. The modern data for the electromagmetic nucleons structure from the double polarization experiments as well as some other models of the nucleon form factors are considered.
We solve the neutron-deuteron (nd) scattering in the Faddeev formalism, employing the NN sector of the quark-model baryon-baryon interaction fss2. The energy-dependence of the NN interaction, inherent to the resonating-group formulation of the quark-model baryon-baryon interaction, is eliminated by the standard off-shell transformation utilizing the normalization kernel of two-cluster systems. An extra nonlocality originating from this procedure is very important to reproduce all the nd scattering observables below E_n < 65 MeV. A new algorithm to solve the Alt-Glassberger-Sandhas (AGS) equati…
