The low-energy breakup differential cross sections of the neutron-deuteron (nd) scattering are studied by employing the energy-independent version of the quark-model baryon-baryon interaction fss2. This interaction reproduces almost all the breakup differential cross sections predicted by the meson-exchange potentials for the neutron incident energies $E_n \leq$ 65 MeV. The space star anomaly of 13 MeV nd scattering is not improved even in our model. Some overestimation of the breakup differential cross sections at $E_n$=22.7 - 65 MeV implies that systematic studies of various breakup configurations are necessary both experimentally and theoretically.
The hadron-deuteron correlation function has attracted many interests as a potential method to access the three-hadron interactions. However, the weakly-bound nature of deuteron has not been considered in the preceding studies. In this study, the breakup effect of deuteron on the deuteron-$Ξ^-$ ($d$-$Ξ^-$) correlation function $C_{dΞ^-}$ is investigated. The $d$-$Ξ^-$ scattering is described by a nucleon-nucleon-$Ξ$ three-body reaction model. The continuum-discretized coupled-channels method, which is a fully quantum-mechanical and non-perturbative reaction model, is adopted. $C_{dΞ^-}$ turns …
The role of the short-range part (repulsive core) of the proton-neutron ($pn$) potential in deuteron elastic breakup processes is investigated. A simplified one-range Gaussian potential and the Argonne V4' (AV4') central potential are adopted in the continuum-discretized coupled-channels (CDCC) method. The deuteron breakup cross sections calculated with these two potentials are compared. The repulsive core is found not to affect the deuteron breakup cross sections at energies from 40 MeV to 1 GeV. To understand this result, an analysis of the peripherality of the elastic breakup processes conc…
We re-examine the deuteron elastic breakup cross sections on 12C and 10Be at low incident energies, for which a serious discrepancy between the continuum-discretized coupled-channels method (CDCC) and the Faddeev-Alt-Grassberger-Sandhas theory (FAGS) was pointed out. We show the closed-channels neglected in the preceding study affect significantly the breakup cross section calculated with CDCC, resulting in good agreement with the result of FAGS.
A microscopic formalism for describing observed cross sections for deuteron breakup by three-nucleon nuclei was developed on the basis of the diffraction nuclear model. A general formula that describes the amplitude for the reaction d+3He->3He+p+n and which involves only one adjustable parameter was obtained by using expansions of the integrands involved in terms of a Gaussian basis. This formula was used to analyze experimental data on the exclusive cross sections for deuteron breakup by He-3 nuclei at the projectile energy of 89.4 MeV. The importance of employing, in calculations, a deuteron…
We examine a description of available cross section data for symmetric space star (SST) configurations in the neutron-deuteron (nd) and proton-deuteron (pd) breakup reaction using numerically exact solutions of the three-nucleon (3N) Faddeev equation based on two- and three-nucleon (semi)phenomenological and chiral forces. The predicted SST cross sections are very stable with respect to the underlying dynamics for incoming nucleon laboratory energies below $\approx 25$ MeV. We discuss possible origins of the surprising discrepancies between theory and data found in low-energy nd and pd SST bre…
Use of deuteron-induced spallation reactions at intermediate energies has recently been proposed for transmutation of several long-lived fission products (LLFPs). In the design study of a transmutation system using a deuteron primary beam, accurate cross section data of deuteron-induced reactions on the LLFPs are indispensable. Reliable model predictions play an important role in completing the necessary cross section data since currently available experimental data are very limited. Under the circumstances, we have been developing a code system dedicated for deuteron-induced reactions, which …
The reactions of nucleon and polarized deuteron scattered off a heavy target at large impact parameter with intermediate energies have been investigated by using the improved quantum molecular dynamics model. It is found that, due to the difference effect of isovector potential on proton and neutron, there is a significant difference between the angle distribution of elastic scattering protons and neutrons. To overcome the lack of monochromatic neutron beam, the reaction of polarized deuteron peripherally scattered off the heavy target is used to replace the reaction of individual proton and n…
Comparative assessment of the total breakup proton-emission cross sections measured for 56 MeV deuteron interaction with target nuclei from $^{12}$C to $^{209}$Bi, with an empirical parametrization and recently calculated microscopic neutron-removal cross sections has been done at the same time with similar data measured at 15, 25.5, 70, and 80 MeV. Comparable mass dependances of the elastic-breakup (EB) cross sections provided by the empirical parametrization and the microscopic results have been also found at the deuteron energy of 56 MeV, while the assessment of absolute-values variance up …
An isoscalar $pn$ pair is expected to emerge in nuclei that have similar proton and neutron numbers and it may be a candidate for a deuteron ``cluster.'' There is, however, no experimental evidence for it. The purpose of this paper is to construct a new reaction model for the ($p,pd$) reaction including the deuteron breakup in the elementary process and the deuteron reformation by the final-state interactions (FSIs). How these processes contribute to the observables of the reaction is investigated. The distorted wave impulse approximation is extended in twofold. The elementary processes of the…
We present results for the three-cluster breakup in deuteron-deuteron collisions at 130 and 270 MeV deuteron beam energy. The breakup amplitude is calculated using the first term in the Neumann series expansion of the corresponding exact four-nucleon equations. In analogy with nucleon-deuteron breakup where an equivalent approximation is compared with exact calculations, we expect this single-scattering approximation to provide a rough estimation of three-body breakup observables in quasifree configurations. We predict the nucleon-deuteron and deuteron-deuteron three-cluster breakup cross sect…
We investigate the sensitivity of the non-exclusive nucleon induced deuteron breakup reaction to the three-nucleon interaction and distributions of three-nucleon force effects in inclusive spectra. To this end we solve the three-nucleon Faddeev equation at a number of incoming nucleon laboratory energies using the CD Bonn nucleon-nucleon interaction alone or combined with the 2π-exchange Tucson-Melbourne three-nucleon force. Based on these solutions energy spectra of an outgoing nucleon, at a specified detection angle as well as spectra integrated over that angle, are calculated. By integratin…
On the discrepancies in the low energy neutron-deuteron breakup
针对中子-中子（nn）和中子-质子（np）准自由散射（QFS）安排的中子-氘（nd）破碎数据，以及理论预测与测量的nn准自由散射截面之间的较大差异，分析了QFS截面对核子-核子（NN）相互作用不同分波分量的敏感性.我们发现QFS的截面主要由1 S 0和3S 1 - 3D 1贡献决定。由于标准的三核子力（3 NF）对QFS区域的影响很小，我们推测nn 1 S 0力分量是造成nnQFS峰不一致的主要原因.需要更强的150 nn力才能使理论和数据一致。然而，这样一个增加的nn相互作用的强度，将无助于解释nd breakup的星系-空间-恒星（SST）的差异。需要进一步的实验性交叉检查。
An extended analysis of the key role of direct interactions, i.e., breakup, stripping and pick-up processes, has been carried out for deuteron-induced reactions. Particular comments concern the deuteron breakup which is the dominant mechanism involved in surrogate reactions on heavy nuclei, around the Coulomb barrier.
A set of differential cross section of the three-body $^{2}$H($d$,$dp$)$n$ breakup reaction at 160 MeV deuteron beam energy are presented for 147 kinematically complete configurations near the quasi-free scattering kinematics. The experiment was performed at KVI in Groningen, the Netherlands using the BINA detector. The cross-section data have been normalized to the $^{2}$H($d$,$d$)$^{2}$H elastic scattering cross section. The data are compared to the recent single-scattering approximation (SSA) calculations for three-cluster breakup in deuteron-deuteron collisions. Confronting the SSA predict…
Field-theoretical description of the deuteron breakup in the clothed particle representation
Akhiezer Institute for Theoretical Physics of NSC KIPT（NSC KIPT 阿赫伊泽尔理论物理研究所）；M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University（雅盖隆大学物理、天文学和应用计算机科学学院 M.Smoluchowski 物理研究所）；Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University（雅盖隆大学精确与自然科学学院博士项目）；Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University（大阪大学核物理研究中心）；Department of Physics, Kyushu Institute of Technology（九州工业大学物理系）；Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Iowa（爱荷华大学物理与天文系）
Dineutron and the three-nucleon continuum observables
我们研究如何强大的一个假设的1 S 0束缚态的两个中子会影响不同的可观测的中子-氘核反应。为了这个目的，我们扩展我们的动量空间方案解决三核子Faddeev方程纳入除了氘核也1 S 0双中子束缚态。讨论了双中子对中子-氘弹性散射角分布和氘破裂截面的影响。与中子-氘核总截面和弹性散射角分布的现有数据的比较不能决定性地排除两个中子可以形成1 S 0束缚态的可能性。然而，强烈的修改时，从负到正的值的中子-中子散射长度的中子-氘分裂的最终状态相互作用峰似乎排除双中子的存在。
We analyze the $^{16}{\rm C}+p$ and $^{16}{\rm C}+d$ reactions within the four- and five-body Continuum Discretized Coupled Channel (CDCC) method. The $^{16}$C nucleus is described by a $^{14}{\rm C}+n+n$ configuration in hyperspherical coordinates. This description reproduces fairly well several $^{16}$C low-lying states. First we analyze the $2^+\rightarrow 0^+$ $E2$ transition amplitude, which confirms that an effective charge must be introduced to reproduce the experimental value. Then, proton and deuteron elastic and inelastic scattering are investigated by including $^{16}$C pseudostates…
The adiabatic distorted wave approximation (ADWA) is widely used by the nuclear community to analyse deuteron stripping ($d$,$p$) experiments. It provides a quick way to take into account an important property of the reaction mechanism: deuteron breakup. In this work we provide a numerical quantification of a perturbative correction to this theory, recently proposed in [R.C. Johnson, J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 41 (2014) 094005] for separable rank-one nucleon-proton potentials. The correction involves an additional, nonlocal, term in the effective deuteron-target ADWA potential in the entran…
Systematic analysis of proton- and deuteron-induced one-proton knockout reactions
Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka University（大阪大学核物理研究中心）；Department of Physics, Kyushu University（九州大学物理学系）；Nuclear Data Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency（日本原子能机构核数据中心）
