The collision-free velocity model is a microscopic pedestrian model, which despite its simplicity, reproduces fairly well several self-organization phenomena in pedestrian dynamics. The model consists of two components: a direction sub-model that combines individual desired moving direction and neighbor's influence to imitate the process of navigating in a two-dimensional space, and an intrinsically collision-free speed sub-model which controls the speed of the agents with respect to the distance to their neighbors.
In this paper we generalize the collision-free velocity model by introducing the influence of walls and extending the distance calculations to velocity-based ellipses. Besides, we introduce enhancements to the direction sub-module that smooth the direction changes of pedestrians in the simulation; a shortcoming that was not visible in the original model due to the symmetry of the circular shapes. Moreover, the introduced improvements mitigate backward movements, leading to a more realistic distribution of pedestrians especially in bottleneck scenarios.
We study by simulation the effects of the pedestrian's shape by comparing the fundamental diagram in narrow and wide corridors. Furthermore, we validate our generalized approach by investigating the flow through bottlenecks with varying exit's widths.
A Free access tool based on a pedestrian-vehicle collision model is presented. The model permitted the qualitative and quantitative description of the events whole dynamic by segments called pre-collision, collision, and post collision. Furthermore, it enabled the determination of the magnitude of the vehicles initial speed before the collision with a pedestrian and the location of the point position of impact on the road where the accident occurred. The models inputs are related to the evidence collected at the scene, which provides a checklist platform for supporting investigators fieldwork.…
Lane formation in bidirectional pedestrian streams is based on a stimulus-response mechanism and strategies of navigation in a fast-changing environment. Although microscopic models that only guarantee volume exclusion can qualitatively reproduce this phenomenon, they are not sufficient for a quantitative description. To quantitatively describe this phenomenon, a minimal anticipatory collision-free velocity model is introduced. Compared to the original velocity model, the new model reduces the occurrence of gridlocks and reproduces the movement of pedestrians more realistically. For a quantita…
How to reproduce realistic motion in simulations has always been a fundamental problem for pedestrian dynamics, and a critical challenge for current studies is the natural correlation of the movement choices and the human behaviours. To advance the study, we deconstruct the two-dimensional space of pedestrian crowds with a behavioural motion network on basis of Voronoi diagram and Delaunay diagram, and accordingly formulate a behavioural model considering both the long-term route choice and the real-time velocity choice. The comparisons between simulation results and real-world movements sugge…
Experimental Analysis of Two-Dimensional Pedestrian Flow in front of the Bottleneck
这一贡献提出了实验研究的二维行人流的目的是捕捉行人行为的集群内形成的瓶颈。根据Ezaki et al.（2012）的相变研究，安排了两个通过一进一出房间的实验，调节流入速率以获得不同的行走模式。通过自动图像处理，从摄像机记录中提取行人路径，得到实际速度和局部密度。通过虚拟检测器和行人离开时间提取宏观信息。行人的行为是通过密度和速度进行评价。不同的测量方法进行了比较，使用几个基本图表。研究了群体行为的两个阶段，并描述了群体行为的相变。
Physics-based modeling and data representation of pedestrian pairwise interactions
理解和定量建模人群中行走的行人之间的相互作用的物理学的可能性具有引人注目的相关应用，例如，与民用基础设施的设计和安全有关。在这项工作中，我们研究了稀释人群中的观察实验数据的行人-行人相互作用。在运动中，行人调整他们的步行路径，试图保持相互舒适的距离，避免碰撞。在数学模型中，这种行为通常通过“社会”相互作用力来建模。利用高质量，高统计数据集-由数百万从最先进的观测实验中获得的真实轨迹组成-我们开发了一个定量模型，能够解决二元碰撞避免情况下的相互作用。我们根据长距离和短距离力对相互作用进行建模，我们将其应用于非相互作用行人运动的Langevin模型[Corbetta et al. Phys.Rev.E 95，032316，2017]。我们提出的新模型的特点是朗之万动力学与“快”的随机速度波动叠加到“慢”的动态隐藏的模型变量：“预期”的步行路径。该模型能够再现相关的统计数据的碰撞避免运动，如统计的侧位移和通过速度。罕见的碰撞事件也被恢复。此外，与现实生活中的轨道的大数据集进行比较涉及到一个迄今为止被忽视的额外挑战：在包含非常异构的条件的数据库中，仅识别与二进制回避相互作用相对应的相关事件。为了应对这一挑战，我们提出了一种新的方法，基于行人轨迹的图形表示，这使我们能够操作的复杂性降低有效的数据选择。
