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arXiv 1908.03423astro-ph.GA
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从远紫外到远红外--Shark半解析模型中$0\le z \le 10$的星系辐射

From the far-ultraviolet to the far-infrared -- galaxy emission at $0\le z \le 10$ in the Shark semi-analytic model

Claudia del P. Lagos, Aaron S. G. Robotham, James W. Trayford, Rodrigo Tobar, Matías Bravo, Sabine Bellstedt, Luke J. M. Davies, Simon P. Driver, Pascal J. Elah… 展开作者

Claudia del P. Lagos, Aaron S. G. Robotham, James W. Trayford, Rodrigo Tobar, Matías Bravo, Sabine Bellstedt, Luke J. M. Davies, Simon P. Driver, Pascal J. Elahi, Danail Obreschkow, Chris Power

摘要:

我们结合Shark星系形成的半解析模型和ProSpect光谱能量分布生成软件,在$0\le z\le 10$上研究了星系从远紫外(FUV)到远红外(FIR)的多波长辐射。我们产生了一个物理模型的衰减星系跨宇宙时间相结合的本地宇宙经验关系计算尘埃质量的星系从它们的气体金属丰度和质量,衰减曲线来自星系的辐射传输计算在EAGLE流体动力学模拟套件,和鲨鱼星系的属性。我们能够产生范围广泛的星系,从几乎没有灭绝的$z=8$恒星形成星系,$z=2$亚毫米星系,到$z=0$的正常恒星形成星系和红色序列星系。定量地,我们发现Shark再现了观察到的(i)$z=0$ FUV到FIR,(ii)$0\le z\le 3$静止帧$K$带,和(iii)$0\le z\le 10$静止帧FUV光度函数,(iv)$z\le 8$ UV斜率,(v)FUV到FIR数计数(包括广受争议的850 $μ$ m),(vi)明亮的$850μ$ m星系的红移分布;(vii)从$z=0$到$z=1$的综合宇宙SED达到了前所未有的水平。这是在不需要调用恒星初始质量函数,尘埃-金属质量比或金属富集时间尺度的变化的情况下实现的。我们的模型预测恒星形成的星系盘占主导地位的FUV光学,而隆起占主导地位的近红外在所有的红移。FIR观测到了一个强烈的演化,其中盘在$z\le 1$处占主导地位,而星暴(由星系合并和盘不稳定性触发,均匀混合)在更高的红移处占主导地位,甚至到了$z=10$。

英文摘要:

We combine the Shark semi-analytic model of galaxy formation with the ProSpect software tool for spectral energy distribution (SED) generation to study the multi-wavelength emission of galaxies from the far-ultraviolet (FUV) to the far-infrared (FIR) at $0\le z\le 10$. We produce a physical model for the attenuation of galaxies across cosmic time by combining a local Universe empirical relation to compute the dust mass of galaxies from their gas metallicity and mass, attenuation curves derived from radiative transfer calculations of galaxies in the EAGLE hydrodynamic simulation suite, and the properties of Shark galaxies. We are able to produce a wide range of galaxies, from the $z=8$ star-forming galaxies with almost no extinction, $z=2$ submillimeter galaxies, down to the normal star-forming and red sequence galaxies at $z=0$. Quantitatively, we find that Shark reproduces the observed (i) the $z=0$ FUV-to-FIR, (ii) $0\le z\le 3$ rest-frame $K$-band, and (iii) $0\le z\le 10$ rest-frame FUV luminosity functions, (iv) $z\le 8$ UV slopes, (v) the FUV-to-FIR number counts (including the widely disputed 850$μ$m), (vi) redshift distribution of bright $850μ$m galaxies and (vii) the integrated cosmic SED from $z=0$ to $z=1$ to an unprecedented level. This is achieved without the need to invoke changes in the stellar initial mass function, dust-to-metal mass ratio, or metal enrichment timescales. Our model predicts star formation in galaxy disks to dominate in the FUV-to-optical, while bulges dominate at the NIR at all redshifts. The FIR sees a strong evolution in which disks dominate at $z\le 1$ and starbursts (triggered by both galaxy mergers and disk instabilities, in an even mix) dominate at higher redshifts, even out to $z=10$.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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