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arXiv 1403.2691astro-ph.GA
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全色哈勃仙女座宝藏。VII。M31隆起中心200 pc处陡峭的中紫外-近红外消光曲线

The Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasury. VII. The Steep Mid-Ultraviolet to Near-Infrared Extinction Curve in the Central 200 pc of the M31 Bulge

Hui Dong, Zhiyuan Li, Q. Daniel Wang, Tod R. Lauer, Knut Olsen, Abhijit Saha, Julianne Dalcanton, Karl Gordon, Morgan Fouesneau, Eric Bell, Luciana Bianchi

摘要:

利用Swift/UVOT和HST WFC 3/ACS的13个波段观测数据,测量了M31中心200 pc的中紫外-近红外波段(1928 ~ 1.5μm)的消光曲线。利用HST WFC 3和ACS探测器的高角分辨率,我们发展了一种同时测定环核区五个尘埃复合体的相对消光和被遮蔽星光的方法。这些团块的消光曲线(RV =2.4-2.5)比银河系的平均消光曲线(RV =3.1)更陡,但与最近测量的银河系隆起(RV~2.5)的光学和近红外曲线相似。这种相似性表明,陡峭的消光曲线可能在星系的内部隆起中很常见。在紫外线下,这些团块的消光曲线也是不寻常的。我们发现,一个尘埃团(大小<2 pc)表现出强烈的紫外隆起(消光在2175),超过三个标准偏差比普通模型预测。虽然M31核球的高恒星金属丰度表明有足够的碳和硅来产生大的尘埃颗粒,但这些颗粒可能已经被超新星爆炸或中央超大质量黑洞过去的活动所破坏,导致了观测到的陡峭的消光曲线。

英文摘要:

We measure the extinction curve in the central 200 pc of M31 at mid-ultraviolet to near-infrared wavelengths (from 1928A to 1.5μm), using Swift/UVOT and HST WFC3/ACS observations in thirteen bands. Taking advantage of the high angular resolution of the HST WFC3 and ACS detectors, we develop a method to simultaneously determine the relative extinction and the fraction of obscured starlight for five dusty complexes located in the circumnuclear region. The extinction curves of these clumps (RV =2.4-2.5) are steeper than the average Galactic one (RV =3.1), but are similar to optical and near-infrared curves recently measured toward the Galactic Bulge (RV~2.5). This similarity suggests that steep extinction curves may be common in the inner bulge of galaxies. In the ultraviolet, the extinction curves of these clumps are also unusual. We find that one dusty clump (size <2 pc) exhibits a strong UV bump (extinction at 2175A), more than three standard deviation higher than that predicted by common models. Although the high stellar metallicity of the M31 bulge indicates that there are sufficient carbon and silicon to produce large dust grains, the grains may have been destroyed by supernova explosions or past activity of the central super-massive black hole, resulting in the observed steepened extinction curve.

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