Anna De Masi, Immacolata Merola, Stefano Olla
We study the $2d$ stationary fluctuations of the interface in the SOS approximation of the non equilibrium stationary state found in \cite{DOP}. We prove that the interface fluctuations are of order $N^{1/4}$, $N$ the size of the system. We also prove that the scaling limit is a stationary Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process.
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We study the solid-on-solid interface model above a horizontal wall in three dimensional space, with an attractive interaction when the interface is in contact with the wall, at low temperatures. There is no bulk external field. The system presents a sequence of layering transitions, whose levels increase with the temperature, before reaching the wetting transition.
We consider the Gibbs-measures of continuous-valued height configurations on the $d$-dimensional integer lattice in the presence a weakly disordered potential. The potential is composed of Gaussians having random location and random depth; it becomes periodic under shift of the interface perpendicular to the base-plane for zero disorder. We prove that there exist localized interfaces with probability one in dimensions $d\geq 3+1$, in a `low-temperature' regime. The proof extends the method of continuous-to-discrete single- site coarse graining that was previously applied by the author for a do…
We consider stochastic spin-flip dynamics for: (i) monotone discrete surfaces in Z^3 with planar boundary height and (ii) the one-dimensional discrete Solid-on-Solid (SOS) model confined to a box. In both cases we show almost optimal bounds O(L^2polylog(L)) for the mixing time of the chain, where L is the natural size of the system. The dynamics at a macroscopic scale should be described by a deterministic mean curvature motion such that each point of the surface feels a drift which tends to minimize the local surface tension. Inspired by this heuristics, our approach consists in bounding the …
We obtain sharp asymptotics for the probability that the (2+1)-dimensional discrete SOS interface at low temperature is positive in a large region. For a square region $Λ$, both under the infinite volume measure and under the measure with zero boundary conditions around $Λ$, this probability turns out to behave like $\exp(-τ_β(0) L \log L )$, with $τ_β(0)$ the surface tension at zero tilt, also called step free energy, and $L$ the box side. This behavior is qualitatively different from the one found for continuous height massless gradient interface models.
We introduce a class of (2+1)-dimensional stochastic growth processes, that can be seen as irreversible random dynamics of discrete interfaces. "Irreversible" means that the interface has an average non-zero drift. Interface configurations correspond to height functions of dimer coverings of the infinite hexagonal or square lattice. The model can also be viewed as an interacting driven particle system and in the totally asymmetric case the dynamics corresponds to an infinite collection of mutually interacting Hammersley processes. When the dynamical asymmetry parameter $(p-q)$ equals zero, the…
The nonequilibrium steady state of the one-dimensional (1D) Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) universality class is studied in-depth by exact solutions, yet no direct experimental evidence of its characteristic statistical properties has been reported so far. This is arguably because, for an infinitely large system, infinitely long time is needed to reach such a stationary state and also to converge to the predicted universal behavior. Here we circumvent this problem in the experimental system of growing liquid-crystal turbulence, by generating an initial condition that possesses a long-range property…
We revisit the anchored Toom interface and use KPZ scaling theory to argue that the interface fluctuations are governed by the Airy_1 process with the role of space and time interchanged. There is no free parameter. The predictions are numerically well confirmed for space-time statistics in the stationary state. In particular the spatial fluctuations of the interface are given by the GOE edge distribution of Tracy and Widom.
Ballistic deposition is one of the many models of interface growth that are believed to be in the KPZ universality class, but have so far proved to be largely intractable mathematically. In this model, blocks of size one fall independently as Poisson processes at each site on the $d$-dimensional lattice, and either attach themselves to the column growing at that site, or to the side of an adjacent column, whichever comes first. It is not hard to see that if we subtract off the height of the column at the origin from the heights of the other columns, the resulting interface process is Markovian…
Convergence of dynamical stationary fluctuations
本文提出一个基于预解式控制的通用黑箱定理，用于证明平稳马尔可夫过程序列的收敛性，并借此证明零程过程涨落收敛到随机热方程以及有序界面模型涨落收敛到反射随机偏微分方程系统。
Consider the short-time probability distribution $\mathcal{P}(H,t)$ of the one-point interface height difference $h(x=0,τ=t)-h(x=0,τ=0)=H$ of the stationary interface $h(x,τ)$ described by the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation. It was previously shown that the optimal path -- the most probable history of the interface $h(x,τ)$ which dominates the upper tail of $\mathcal{P}(H,t)$ -- is described by any of \emph{two} ramp-like structures of $h(x,τ)$ traveling either to the left, or to the right. These two solutions emerge, at a critical value of $H$, via a spontaneous breaking of the mirror symmetry …
We consider a model of a two-dimensional interface of the SOS type, with finite-range, even, strictly convex, twice continuously differentiable interactions. We prove that, under an arbitrarily weak potential favouring zero-height, the surface has finite mean square heights. We consider the cases of both square well and $δ$ potentials. These results extend previous results for the case of nearest-neighbours Gaussian interactions in \cite{DMRR} and \cite{BB}. We also obtain estimates on the tail of the height distribution implying, for example, existence of exponential moments. In the case of t…
We consider a so-called random obstacle model for the motion of a hypersurface through a field of random obstacles, driven by a constant driving field. The resulting semi-linear parabolic PDE with random coefficients does not admit a global nonnegative stationary solution, which implies that an interface that was flat originally cannot get stationary. The absence of global stationary solutions is shown by proving lower bounds on the growth of stationary solutions on large domains with Dirichlet boundary conditions. Difficulties arise because the random lower order part of the equation cannot b…
For a model of a driven interface in an elastic medium with random obstacles we prove existence of a stationary positive supersolution at non-vanishing driving force. This shows the emergence of a rate independent hysteresis through the interaction of the interface with the obstacles, despite a linear (force=velocity) microscopic kinetic relation. We also prove a percolation result, namely the possibility to embed the graph of an only logarithmically growing function in a next-nearest neighbor site-percolation cluster at a non-trivial percolation threshold.
We concern the analysis of the long time behavior of interfaces in systems with two components. Each component evolves according to 1-d Allen-Cahn equation with Neumann boundary conditions, perturbed by small space-time white noise and with symmetric double well potential in the interval $[-ε^{-1},ε^{-1}]$. The two components interact with each other by an attractive linear force. Instantons are defined as the stationary solution of the Allen-Cahn equation without noise which connects two pure phases. We prove that for time $t=ε^{-1}$, in the limit $ε\rightarrow 0$, when initial states are clo…
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